314 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. IV.
| believed, etc. Cited from Sept., Ps. cxv. 10. The Sep- tuagint mistranslates the Hebrew, which is, “ [ belceved though TI said,” ete.
15. The abundant grace (1) ydapis tAcovdcaca). Lit., the grace ‘hawing abounded. Rev., the grace being multiplied. Grace is the divine gift of spiritual energy which is shown in
.the labor, suffering, and triumph of the apostles.
Might through the thanksgiving of many redound (dua TOV TAELOVOY THY EvyapLaTiay Tepiccevon). Numerous arrange- ments of these words are proposed. Through (6ué) should govern the many, not thanksgiving ; and redound should be transitive, cause to abound, and governing thanksgwing. So Rev., the grace, being multiplied through the many, may cause the thanksgiving to abound. The thought is on the line of ver. 12, that the sufferings and risks of the apostles promote spirit- ual life in the Church. The grace of God, thus manifest. in the apostles, shall be multiplied through the increasing number of those who share it, and shall thus make thanksgiving more abundant for the fruits of this grace as exhibited in the apos- tles and in the Church.
Ltedound (A. V.) is from the Latin redundare to surge back. Therefore, primarily, of a fulness or overflow from the setting back of a tide. So Milton:
‘¢'The evil, soon Driven back, redounded as a flood on those From whom it sprang.”
Generally, 0 abound. From this arises the secondary sense, to conduce, contribute to; that is, to make the causes mount up, or abound, so as to produce the effect. So Addison: “The care of our national commerce redounds more to the riches and prosperity of the public,” ete.
16. Outward man—inward man. The material and spir- itual natures.
Perish (dvapJeperar). Rev., much better, 2s decaying. Per ash implies destruction: the idea is that of progressive decay.
Cu. V.] THE SECOND EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 3815
is renewed (avaxawodrat). Better, 7s being renewed, the process of renewal going on along with the process of decay. Stanley cites a line attributed to Michael Angelo: “The more the marble wastes the more the statue grows.” Compare Eurip- ides: “Time does not depress your spirit, but it grows young again: your body, however, is weak ” (“‘ Heraclidae,” 702, 703).
Day by day (juépa Kal juépa). Lit., by day and day. A Hebrew form of expression.
17. Our light affliction which is but for a moment (70 mapautixa édadpov Tis IAApews tuav). Lit., the present light (burden) of our affliction.
Worketh (xatepyateras). Works out: achieves.
A far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory (xa? UrepBorny eis UrepBornv, aiwviov Bapos d0&ns). Rev., more and more exceedingly an eternal weight, etc. An expression after the form of Hebrew superlatives, in which the emphatic word is twice repeated. Lit., exceedingly wnto excess. The use of such cumulative expressions is common with Paul. See, for example, Philip. i. 23, lit., much more better ; Rom. Ville oie abundantly the conquerors ; Eph. iii. 20, ewceeding abundantly, etc. Note how the words are offset: for a moment, eternal ; light, weight ; affliction, glory.
18. Seen—not seen. Compare the beautiful passage in Plato’s “ Phaedo,” 79.
OHAPTER V. 1. Our earthly house of this tabernacle (7 emiyetos quar
oixla Tod axnvous).* Harthly, not, made of earth, which would be yoixos, as 1 Cor. xv. 47; but upon the earth, terrestrial, as 1
* Why has the Rev. rendered ‘‘ the earthly house of owr tabernacle?” It is true that the article is often properly rendered by the possessive pronoun, so that rod cxhvovs might be translated our tabernacle ; but nuav owr clearly be- longs with house, and the article may therefore very properly bear its ordin- ary sense of the. This of A. V. is unnecessary.
316 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. V.
Cor. xv. 40; Philip. ii. 10. Zubernacle (oxhvos) tent or hut. In later writers, especially the Platonists, Pythagoreans, and medical authors, used to denote the body. Thus Hippocrates : “A great vein by which the whole body (cxjvos) is nourished.” Some expositors think that Paul uses the word here simply in this sense—the house which is the body. But while Paul does mean the body, he preserves the figurative sense of the word tabernacle ; for he never uses this term elsewhere as synony- mous with the body. The figure of the tent suits the contrast with the building, and would naturally suggest itself to the tent-maker.* The phrase earthly house of the tabernacle ex- presses a single conception—the dwelling which is, or consists in the tabernacle, the tent-house. The transient character of the body is thus indicated. Compare houses of clay, Job iv. 19. See on the kindred words cxjvapa tabernacle, 2 Pet. i. 13; and oxnvow to dwell in or to fix a tabernacle, John i. 14. Labernacte is so habitually associated with a house of worship, and is so often applied to durable structures, that the original sense of @ tent is in danger of being lost. It would be better to translate here by tent. The word tabernacle is a diminutive of the Latin taberna a hut or shed, which appears in tavern. Its root is ta, tan, to stretch or spread out.