** For who, to dumb forgetfulness a prey, This pleasing anxious being e’er resigned, Left the warm precincts of the cheerful day, Nor cast one longing, lingering look behind ?” Gray, ‘ Elegy.”
Swallowed up. A new metaphor. Compare 1 Cor. xv. 54.
5. Wrought (xatepyacdpuevos). The compound is significant, indicating an accomplished fact. Through the various opera- tions of His Spirit and the processes of His discipline, God has worked us out (Stanley, worked up) for this change. The pro- cess includes the dissolution of what is mortal no less than the renewal. The one is a step to the other. See 1 Cor. xv. 36.
Earnest of the Spirit. See on ch. i. 22, and compare Rom. vill. 11. Of the Spirit is appositional, the Spirit as the earnest.
6. At home (événuodvtes). "Ev in, djuos people. Only in this chapter. To be among one’s own people, and not to travel abroad.
Cx. V.] THE SECOND EPISTLE TO THE CORINTHIANS. 319
We are absent (éxdnuodpuev). Lit., we live abroad. Only in this chapter. Compare Philip. i. 23; iii. 20; Heb. xi. 13; xiii. 14. There is a play upon the words which might be ex- pressed by at home, from home.
7. By sight (dia evdous). The correct rendering is appear- ance. The word is not used actively in the sense of vision. Faith is contrasted with the actual appearance of heavenly things. Hence the marginal reading of the Rev. should go into the text.
8. Are willing (evdoxoduev). The translation might well be made stronger as well as more literal: we are well-pleased.
To be absent—present (éxdnutoas — évdnuica). The same verbs as in ver. 6: to be from home, at home.
9. We labor (giAotimovpeta). Used by Paul only, here, Rom. xv. 20 (note), 1 Thess. iv. 11. Labor is a feeble trans- lation, not bringing out the idea of the end contemplated, as the motive of the toil. Rev., we make it our aim.
10. Appear (davepwISjvas). Rev., better, be made manifest. Appear is not strong enough, since it implies only presence at the judgment-seat. The important fact is our being revealed as we are.
Judgment-seat (@7uatos). See on Acts vii. 5.
May receive (xoulonta). See on 1 Pet. i. 8. Compare Eph. vi. 8; Col. iii. 25.
In the body (8:4). Lit., through the body as a medium.
Bad (¢adAov). See on Jas. iii. 16.
11. Terror of the Lord (fofov tod Kupiov). Rev., better, the fear of the Lord. Not that which is terrible in the Lord, but being conscious of fearing the Lord.
We persuade (zre/owev). Convince of our integrity.
13. We are beside ourselves (é&écrnuev). See on Luke xxiv. 22; Acts ii. 7; and on the kindred éxaraous astonishment,
Mark v. 42. Some such charge appears to have been made, as at Acts xxvi. 24.
3820 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. V.
14. The love of Christ. Christ’s love to men. See on 1 John ii 5.
Constraineth (cuvéyer). See on taken, Luke iv. 38; Acts xvii. 5. It is the word rendered J am in a strait, Philip. i. 23. Compare Luke xii. 50. The idea is not wrging or driving, but shettong up to one line and purpose, as in a narrow, walled road.
16. After the flesh (cata odpxa). ‘He who knows no man after the flesh, has, for example, in the case of the Jew, entirely lost sight of his Jewish origin; in that of the rich man, of his riches ; in that of the learned of his learning; in that of the slave, of his servitude” (Alford), Compare Gal. iii. 28.
Yea though (ei «al). Not with a climactic force, as A. V., and not with the emphasis on CArist, but on have known. The proper sense will be brought out in reading by emphasizing have. We know no man henceforth after the flesh: even if we have known Christ after the flesh, yet now, etc. Paul re- fers to his knowledge of Christ before his conversion, a hearsay knowledge, confined to reports of His personal appearance, His deeds, His relations to the Jews, His alleged crime and punish- ment. When the glorified Christ first spoke to him out of heaven, he asked, “ Who art thou?” Compare to reveal His Son in me, Gal. i. 16.