Of them which are without (a76 rév éwbev). "Ef€obev only once in Paul (2 Cor. vii. 5), and of é&wGev nowhere in
Paul, and only here in Pastorals. Paul’s phrase is 0 é: gee tor. vo 12,133 2 Corsive 163 1 The ive 12.
Reproach (dvedcoyov). By Paulin Rom. xv. 8: only here in Pastorals: three times in Hebrews.
Snare (aayida). Comp. ch. vi. 9; 2 Tim. ii. 26. In Paul, Rom. xi. 9, see note. Both reproach and snare govern dca Berov.
8. Deacons. The office of Deacon appears in the Pastor- als, but not in Paul’s letters, with the single exception of Philip. i. 1, where the Deacons do not represent an ecclesias- tical office, though they mark an advance toward it. Clem- ent of Rome (ad Corinth. xlii, xliv) asserts their apostolic appointment. But the evidence at our command does not bear out the view that the institution of the diaconate is described in Acts vi. 1-6. The terms d:axovos and diaxovia are, in the Pauline writings, common expressions of servants and service either to Christ or to others. Paul applies these terms to his own ministry and to that of his associates. Avaxovia is used of the service of the apostles, Acts i. 25; vi. 4. Avdxovos is used of Paul and Apollos (1 Cor. iii. 5) ; of Christ (Gal. ii. 17; Rom. xv. 8); of the civil ruler (Rom. xiii. 4); of ministers of Satan (2 Cor. xi. 15). The ap- pointment of the seven grew out of a special emergency, and was made for a particular service; and the resemblance is
234 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. III.
not close between the duties and qualifications of deacons in the Pastorals and those of the seven. The word &dxovos does not appear in Acts; and when Paul and Barnabas brought to Jerusalem the collection for the poor saints, they handed it over to the elders.
In like manner (@catros). Rare in Paul (Rom. viii. 26 ; 1 Cor. xi. 25). Frequent in Pastorals.
Grave (ceuvots). In Paul only Philip. iv. 8. See on ceuvorns gravity, 1 Tim. ii. 2.
Double-tongued (d:Adyous). N. T.°. CLXX, °Class. Say- ing one thing and meaning another, and making different representations to different people about the same thing.
Given to much wine (oivm 7roAd@ mpocéyovtas). See on 1 Tim. i. 4. Total abstinence is not enjoined, even on a deacon. Comp. 1 Tim. v. 28.
Greedy of filthy lucre (aicypoxepdeis). N.T.°. CLXX. The adverb aioypoxepdas in a base, gain-greedy way, 1 Pet. vy. 2. From aicypds disgraceful and xépdos gain. Comp. Hdt. i. 187: e¢ pu) drrAnotos Te Eas ypnudtwv Kai aicxypoxepdns if thou hadst not been insatiable of wealth and ready to procure it by disgraceful means. Aristoph. Peace, 622, alludes to two vices of the Spartans, dvres aloypoxepdeis Kal duetpwrvd£evor sor- didly greedy of gain, and treacherous under the mask of hospit- ality. Similarly Eurip. Androm. 451. Comp. turpilucricu- pidus, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 68.
9. The mystery of the faith (76 uuornpiov ris tictews). The phrase N. T.°. In the Gospels only, mystery or myster- tes of the kingdom of God or of heaven. In Paul, mystery or mysteries of God, of his will, of Christ, of the gospel, of iniquity, the mystery kept secret or hidden away. Several times with- out qualification, the mystery or mysteries. See on 2 Th. ii. 7. The mystery of the faith is the subject-matter of the faith; the truth which is its basis, which was kept hidden from the
Cu. III.) THE FIRST EPISTLE TO TIMOTHY. 235
world until revealed at the appointed time, and which is a secret to ordinary eyes, but is made known by divine revel- ation. Comp. Rom. xvi. 25; Eph. iii. 9; Col. i. 26; 1 Cor. ii. T. For the faith see on Gal. i. 23, and comp. Introduction to these Epistles, VI.