Doctrine which is according to godliness (17 Kaz’ evoe- Beav didackadia). The phrase only here. See on 1 Tim. 1.10. For edcéBea, on 1 Tim. ii. 2.
4. He is proud (tetidwrat). See on ch. iii. 6.
Knowing nothing (udev érictduevos). Although he knows nothing. °P. Very frequent in Acts. Comp. ch. Leos
Doting (voodv). N.T.° Lit. sick. Comp. tytatvover healthful, ver. 3.
Questions (Sntjces). °P. CLXX. Quite often in Class. Lit. processes of inquiry ; hence, debates. Comp. ch. i. 4.
Strifes of words (Aoyouwayias). N.T.°, °LXX, Class. One of the unique compounds peculiar to these Epistles. The verb Aoyouayeiv 2 Tim. ii. 14.
Surmisings (drdvorat). N.T.°. See Sir. iii, 24. ‘Lard under and vods mind, thought. A hidden thought. The verb uTrovoely to suppose, only in Acts. See xiii. 25; xxv. 18; MX VIL aie
5. Perverse disputings (S:avrapatpiBal). N.T.°. °LXX, Class. IlapartpiBy is a rubbing against. Ard signifies con-
Cz. VI.] THE FIRST EPISTLE TO TIMOTHY. 275
tinuance. The meaning therefore is continued friction. Hence wearing discussion ; protracted wrangling.*
Of corrupt minds (dvefGappevar rov vodv). More correctly, corrupted in mind. The verb notcommon in N.T. In Paul only 2 Cor. iv. 16. Only here in Pastorals. AvapOopd cor- ruption only in Acts. Comp. catepOapuevor tov vodv corrupted an mind, 2 Tim. iii. 8.
Destitute of the truth (azrecrepnudvar tis adnOelas). Rev. bereft of the truth. In N. T. commonly of defrauding, Mk. x. 19; 1 Cor. vi. T, 8; vii. 5. The implication is that they once possessed the truth. They put it away from themselves (ch. i. 19; Tit.i.14). Here it is represented as taken away from them. Comp. Rom. i. 28.
Gain is godliness (aropiopov eivar rHv evogBerav). Wrong. Rend. that godliness 1s a way (or source) of gain. Topicpos, only here and ver. 6, is a gain-making business. See Wisd. xiii. 19; xiv. 2. They make religion a means of livelihood. Compe Litas
6. Contentment (avrapxeias). Only here and 2 Cor. ix. 8. The adjective airapxns self-sufficient, Philip. iv. 11. Comp. Sir. xl. 18. Adrdpxea is an inward self-sufficiency, as opposed to the lack or the desire of outward things. It was a favourite Stoic word, expressing the doctrine of that sect that a man should be sufficient unto himself for all things, and able, by the power of his own will, to resist the force of circumstances. In Ps. of Sol. v. 18, we read: “Blessed is the man whom God remembereth with a suffic-
* The A.V. perverse disputings grew out of the reading of T. R. rapaéi- arpBai, in which rapa was taken in the sense of neglect or violation. Some of the Greek Fathers supposed that the word involved the idea of moral or mental contagion, and illustrated it by mangy sheep, which communicate disease by rubbing against each other, It is suggestive that diarpi84 a wear- ing away or waste of time gradually passed into the meaning of argument. Diatribe, from the sense of disputation, passed into that of invective or
philippic.
276 WORD STUDIES IN THE NEW TESTAMENT. [Cu. VI.
iency convenient for him” (év cvppetpla airapxecias); that is, with a sufficiency proportioned to his needs.
7. And it is certain we can carry, etc. Omit and and certain. Rend. éru because. The statement is: We brought nothing into the world because we can carry nothing out. The fact that we brought nothing into the world is shown by the impossibility of our taking with us anything out of it; since if anything belonging to us in our premundane state had been brought by us into the world, it would not be separ- ated from us at our departure from the world. Comp. Job io21; Kec. ¥lo7ebs. six. 17,
8. Food (dS:atpogas). N. T.°.
Raiment (cxerdopata). N.T.°. CLXX. It means cov- ering generally, though the reference is probably to clothing. von Soden aptly remarks that a dwelling is not a question of life with an Oriental.