Ver.6. θλίψει . . . χαρᾶς, cf. for this paradox of experience, Mazzini’s account of his comrades in the Young Italy move- ment: ‘‘ We were often in real want, but we were light-hearted in a way and smil- ing because we believed in the future” The gladness of the primitive Christian lay in the certainty of possessing soon that full salvation of which the Spirit at present was the pledge and foretaste. In view of Ps. li. 13, 14 it is hardly correct to say, with Gunkel (Wirkungen des heiligen Geistes, 71), that this connection of joy and the Spirit was entirely foreign to Judaism.
.4--10.
Πνεύματος ᾿Αγίου, 7. ὥστε γενέσθαι ὑμᾶς " τύπον
29
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Ε A 53: ο. ουσιν ἐν τῇ Μακεδονίᾳ καὶ ἐν τῇ Axata. 8. ἀφ᾽ ὑμῶν γὰρ “ ἐξήχη- Phil. iii. a = 17. ‘tat ὃ λόγος τοῦ Κυρίου οὐ µόνον ἐν τῇ Μακεδονίᾳ καὶ ᾿Αχαΐᾳ " ἀλλὰ ν ἄπ. λεγ.,
ἐν "παντὶ τόπῳ ἡ "πίστις ὑμῶν ἡ πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν ἐξελήλυθεν, ὥστε
py "χρείαν ἔχειν ἡμᾶς λαλεῖν τι. ο.
a > Ν A ie το 5 lo’ > αὐτοι γὰρ περι “ἡμῶν ἀτ-
cf. Joel ili. 14 (LXX); 3 Macc. La ὍΣ
λλ ς , ο 5 ὃ 3 Ae a Ν a ἀν / ayye ουσιν οποιαν εισοόοον εσχοµεν προς υμας και πως ἐπεστρέψατε w Blass, §
a A A > 773 13. “πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν ἀπὸ τῶν εἰδώλων, δουλεόειν Θεῷ * ζῶντι καὶ " ἀληθινῷ x ὄ ους.
ΤΟ. καὶ ἢ ἀναμένειν τὸν υἱὸν αὐτοῦ ᾿ ἐκ τῶν οὐρανῶν, ὃν ἤγειρεν ἐκ τῶν νεκρῶν, Ιησοῦν, τὸν * ῥυόμενον ἡμᾶς ἐκ τῆς ᾿ὀργῆς τῆς ἐρχομένης.
Philemon 5: = “the fact of your faith in God”. σύ], Ε9. οσα. (σαι. 8 Xx: f See on Rev. vii. 2. h Isa. Πχ. 11, 20; Aisch., Eum., 243. 1 Rom. v. 9; cf. below, v. 9 (negat. side of ἐκλογή).
Ὁ 1.6., us, apostles. (LXX). e Cf. Eph. ii. 12. Only here in Paul. Μ.Τ, 429, and on 2 Cor. i. 1Ο.
i. 2; Acts xviii. τῇ. y Rom. i. 8; Clem. Rom. XXXV. 5, Ziv. ο, ν. I. a ‘people, wherever we go”. d See on Acts xiv. 15. Cf. Jer. iii. 22 g See on John vi. 57; Rev. iii. 7, etc. i Phil. iii. 20. k Cf. Burton,
1For τυπους (SACGKLP, g, syr.p, Chrys., Theod., etc., Calvin, Schott, Alexander, Koch, Wohl., Zim.), conformed to vpas, read τυπον with BD* vss.
-edd.
Ver. 8. ἡ πίστις .. . ἐξελ. (Rom. x. 18), by anacoluthon, reiterates for em- phasis ἀφ᾽ ὑμῶν ... κυρίου (ὁ λόγος τ. Κ. depending for its etfectiveness on the definite testimony of Christians). Paul is dictating loosely but graphically. The touch of hyperbole is pardonable and characteristic (cf. Rom. i. 8; 1 Cor. iv. 17; Col. i. 6); but the geographical and commercial position of Thessalonica see Introd., p. 5) must have offered ample facilities for the rapid dissemina- tion of news and the promulgation of the faith, north and south, throughout Euro- pean Greece (Encycl, Bibl., i. 32). The local Christians had taken full advantage -of their natural opportunities. Through their imitation of the apostles (see Introd., Ῥ. 7) and of Christ (here as in 1 Peter “il. 10-21, in his sufferings), they had be- come a pattern for others. The ἐν τῇ is omitted before ᾿Αχαίᾳ here because M. and A. are grouped together, over against π. τ.--ὥῶΠστε. . . yap, the reputation of the apostles rested upon solid evidence.
Ver. 9. The positive and negative as- pects of faith: ‘‘ Videndum est ut ruinam errorum sequatur aedificium fidei”’ (Cal- νίπ).---ἀληθινῷ = “real” as opposed to false in the sense of ‘counterfeit ”.— ζῶντι, as opposed to dead idols (see above, p. 5) impotent to help their worshippers. Elsewhere the phrase (cf. τ Tim. iii. 15; Heb. iit. 12) “implies a -contrast with the true God made prac- tically a dead deity by a lifeless and rigid form of religion” (Hort, Christian Ecclesia, 173). Nothing brings home the reality of God (i.e.,as Father, vv. 1-3)