ἀρχήν.] Used of office and dignity, as in Gen. xl. 21 of the chief butler: ͵ here perhaps of the office of Watcher, though Spitta takes it more generally of the sovereignty belonging to their abode in heaven=Tov ἄνω κλῆρον in Clem. Al, 65ο P. The term ἀρχή is used of the evil angels themselves in Eph. vi. 12. Cf. Enoch xii. 4, of the Watchers (angels)
ν. 21, Vi. 0, Xiv. IE, 12.
260
6—
ριον eis κρίσιν peyddys ἡμέρας δεσμοῖς ἀῑδίοις ὑπὸ {όφον 1 τετή-
i ε aS ‘ Γό x ες \ cesT / ῃ ρηκεν ΄ 7. ὡς Σόδοµα καὶ Γόμορρα καὶ αἱ περὶ αὐτὰς πόλεις, τὸν ὅμοιον τρόπον τούτοις” ἐκπορνεύσασαι καὶ ἀπελθοῦσαι ὀπίσω
1ζοφον] add. αγιων αγγελων speculum, Luc., cf. Η. (5. R. Ρ. 106); αγριων αγγ. Clem. p. 280; add. ‘in Tartaro constrictos” Orig.
2 rpomrov τουτοις ΜΑΒΟ; τοντοις τροπον KL.
who have abandoned the high heaven and the holy eternal place and defiled themselves with women, 7b. xv. 3. Philo says of the fallen angels (M. i. p. 268), καλὸν μὴ λιποτακτῆσαι μὲν τῆς τοῦ Θεοῦ τάξεως, ἐν ᾗ τοὺς τεταγµένους πάντας ἀριστεύειν ἀνάγκη, αὐτομολῆσαι δὲ πρὸς τὴν ἄνανδρον ἡδονήν. So Just. Μ. Apol. ii. 5, ot 8 ἄγγελοι παραβάντες τήνδε τὴν τάξιν γυναικῶν µίξεσιν ἠττήθησαν with Otto’s η.
ἀπολιπόντας τὸ ἴδιον οἰκητήριον. Cf. 2 Cor. v. 2, τὸ οἶκ. τὸ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ, and the quotation from Enoch in the last η. [For οἰκητήριον, cf. Enoch xv. 7 (the message of Enoch to the Watchers) “the spiritual have their dwelling in heaven”. . . ἡ κατοίκησις αὐτῶν ἔσται ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς. 0ῃαςε.]
εἰς κρίσιν μεγάλης ἡμέρας δεσμοῖς ἀῑδίοις ὑπὸ ζόφον τετήρηκεν. C/. 2 Pet. li. 4 σειροῖς ζόφου ταρταρώσας, {0. ii. 9, ἀδίκους εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως κολαζοµένους τηρεῖν, id. ili. 7, τηρούµενοι εἰς ἡμέραν κρίσεως . .. τῶν ἀσεβῶν ἀνθρώπων, Joel ii. 31, 6 ἥλιος µεταστραφήσεται eis σκότος . . . πρὶν ἐλθεῖν τὴν ἡμέραν Κυρίου τὴν μεγάλην καὶ ἐπιφανῆ, Apoc. vi. 17, ἦλθεν ἡ ἡμέρα ἡ µεγάλη τῆς ὀργῆς αὐτοῦ, 7b. xvi. 14, συναγαγεῖν αὐτοὺς eis τὸν πόλεμον τῆς peyadys ἡμέρας τοῦ Θεοῦ τοῦ παντοκράτορος. Enoch x. 5, ἐπικάλυψον αὐτῷ (Azazel) σκότος, καὶ οἰκησάτω ἐκεῖ εἰς τὸν αἰῶνα, x. 12, δῆσον αὐτοὺς .. . µέχρι ἡμέρα κρίσεως αὐτῶν, ib. xxii. 11 (Gr. in Charles’ App. C) µέχρι τῆς peyédns ἡμέρας τῆς κρί- σεως, {0. liv. 6, note onxly.1. So ἡμέρα τοῦ κυρίου I Cor. i. 8, 2 Pet. iii. το al., ἐκείνη ἡ ἡμέρα 2 Th. i. ro. On δεσμοῖς see En. liv. 3-5, “(1 saw how they made iron chains of immeasurable weight, and I asked for whom they were prepared, and he said unto me ‘ These are prepared far the hosts of Azazel’.” Cf. δέσµιοι σκότους (Wisd. xvii. 2) of the plague of darkness.
ἀῑδίοις. The chains are called “ever- lasting,” but they are only used for a temporary purpose, to keep them for the final judgment. It seems to be here synonymous with αἰώνιος in ver. 7. So too in the only other passages in which it
occurs in the Bible, Wisdom vii. 26, ἀπαύγασμά ἐστι φωτὸς ἀῑδίου, and Rom. i. 20, ἡ ἀῑδιος αὐτοῦ δύναμις καὶ θειότης.
Ver. 7. ὡς Σόδομα καὶ Γόμορρα καὶ ai περὶ αὐτὰς πόλεις. The 3rd ex- ample of Divine judgment differs from the two others, as it tells only of the punishment, not of the fall from grace. Hence the difference of connexion ay- γέλουςτε. . . «ὡς Σόδομα. Cf, 2 Pet. ii. 6, πόλεις Σοδόμων καὶ Γομόρρας καταστ- ροφῇ κατέκρινεν. The destruction was notlimited to these two cities, but extended to all the neighbouring country (Gen. xix. 25, called Πεντάπολις in Wisd. x. 6), in- cluding the towns of Admah and Zeboim (Deut. xxix. 23, Hos. xi. 8). Zoar was spared at the request of Lot.
τὸν ὅμοιον τρόπον τούτοις ἐκπορνεύ- σασαι. For the adverbial acc., cf. Matt. xxiii. 37, ὃν τρόπον ἐπισυνάγει ὄρνις τὰ νοσσία, 2 Macc. xv. 39, ὃν τρόπον οἶνος .. . ἀποτελεῖ, οὕτω καὶ, Luc. Catapl. 6 τεθνᾶσι τὸν ὅμοιον τρόπον. “ Like them,” i.e. the fallen angels. The two judgments are similarly joined in Test. Nepht. 3, μὴ γένησθε ὡς Σόδοµα, ἥτις ἐνήλλαξε τάξιν φύσεως αὐτῆς. Ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ οἱ ᾿Εγρήγορες ἐνήλλαξαν τάξιν φύσεως αὐτῶν, οὓς κατηράσατο Κύριος. Others understand τούτοῖς of the libertines who are subsequently referred to as οὗτοι (vv. 8, το, 12, 16, 19); but the beginning of ver. 8 (µέντοι καὶ οὗτοι) seems to distinguish between them and the preceding. The verb ἐκπ. occurs in Gen. xxxviii. 24 of Tamar, Exod. xxxiv. 15, 16, (µή ποτε) ἐκπορνεύσωσιν ὀπίσω τῶν θεῶν αὐτῶν, Lev. xvii. 7, Hos. iv. 12, Ezek. xvi. 26, 28, 33.