§ 168. CYEIL OF JERUSALEM. 923
»n the Greek original.' He wrote also a brief treatise against the Manicbseans. Of his numerous exegetical works we have a commentary on the Catholic Epistles/ and large fragments, in part uncertain, of commentaries on the Psalms, Job, Proverbs, and some Pauline Epistles.'
_^§ 168. Cyril of Jerusalem.
L S. CxEiLLtrs, archiepisc. Hierosolymitanus : Opera quae esstant omnia, &c., cura et studio Ant. Aug. Touttaei {Touttee), presb. et monachi Bened. e congreg. S. Mauri. Paris, 1720, 1 vol. fol. (edited after Touttee's death by the Benedictine D. Prud. Maranus. Comp. therewith Sal. Deyling : Oyrillus Hieros. a corruptelis Touttaei aliorumque purgatus. Lips. 1728). Reprint, Venice, 1763. A new ed. by Migne, Petit-Montrouge, 1857 (Patroh Gr. torn, xxxiii., which contains also the writings of Apollinaris of Laodicea, Diodor of Tarsus, and others). The Catecheses of Cyril liave also been several times edited separately, and translated into modern languages. Engl, transl. in the Oxford Library of the Fathers, vol. ii. Oxf, 1839.
IL Epiphanius: Hser. Ix. 20; Ixxiii. 23, 27, 37. Hieronymtjs: De viria illustr. c. 112. SooEATEs: H. E. ii. 40, 42, 45; iii. 20. Sozomex: iv. 5, 17, 20, 22, 25. Theodoket: II. E. ii. 26, 27; iii. 14; v. 8. The Dissertationes Cyrillianfe de vita et scriptis S. Cyr. &c. in the Benedictine edition of the Opera, and in Migne's reprint, pp. 31-322. The Acta Sanctorum, and Butler, sub mense Martii 18. Tillemont : torn. viii. pp. 428^39, 779-787. Also the accounts in the well-known
c. 135: librum unum de Sp. S. Didymi quem in Latinum transtuli). The division into three books is of later date.
' Discovered and edited by Job. Aloys. Mingarelli, at Bologna, 1769, with a Latin translation and learned treatises on the life, doctrine, and writings of Didymus. (Dr. Herzog, Encykl. iii. p. 384, confounds this edition with a preliminary advertisement by the brother Ferdinand Mingarelli : Veterum testimonia de Didymo Alex. ccEco, ex quibus tres libri de Trinitate nuper detecti eidem asseruntur, Rom. 1764. The title of the work itself is: Didymus, De Trinitate libri tres, nunc primum ex Passioneiano codice Gr. editi, Latine conversi, ac notis illustrati a D. Joh, Aloys. Mingarellio, Bononise, 1769, fol.)
' The Latin version is found in the libraries of the church fathers. The original jreek has been edited by Dr. Fr. Ll'cke from Muscovite mauuseiipts in four academic dissertations : Quaestiones ac vindiciae Didymianse, sive Didymi Alex, enarratio in Epistolas Catholicas Latina, Grasco exemplar! magnam partem e Graecia scholiis restituta, Getting. 1829-'32. Reprinted in Migne's edition of Opera Didymi, pp. 1731-1818,
' In Migne's ed. p. 1109 sqq.
924 THIRD PEEIOD. A.D. 311-590.
patristic works of Dcpin, Ceiixier, Cave, Fablioius. SjnROCKH: Part xii. pp. 369-476.
Cyrillus, presbyter and, after 350, bisliop of Jerusalem, was extensively involved during his public life in the Arian controversies. His metropolitan, Acacius of Csesarea, an Arian, who had elevated him to the episcopal chair, fell out with him over the Nicene faith and on a question of jurisdiction, and deposed him at a council in 357. His deposition was confirmed by an Arian council at Constantinople in 360.
After the death of tlie emperor Constantius he was restored to his bishopric in 361, and in 363 his embittered adversary, Acacius, converted to the orthodox faith. When Julian enicouraged the Jews to rebuild the temple, Cyril is said to have predicted tlie miscarriage of the undertaking from the prophecies of Daniel and of Christ, and he was justified by the result. Under the Arian emperor Valens he was again deposed and banished, with all the other orthodox bishops, till he finally, under Theodosius, was permitted to return to Jerusalem in 379, to devote himself undisturbed to the supervision and restoration of his sadly distracted church until his death.
He attended the ecumenical council in Constantinople in 381, which confirmed him in his office, and gave him the great praise of having sufiered much from the Arians for the faitli. He died in 386, with his title to office and his orthodoxy universally acknowledged, clear of all the suspicions which many had gathered from his friendship with Semi-Arian bishops during his first exile.'
From Cyril we have an important theological work, complete, in the Greek original : his twenty-three Catecheses.* The work consists of connected religious lectures or homilies, which he delivered w^hile presb^'^ter about the year 347, in preparing a class of catechumens for baptism. It follows that form of the Apostles' Creed or the Eulc of Faith which was then in use in the churches of Palestine, and wliich agrees in
' Hi3 sentiments on i.\e holy Trinity are discussed at length in thf third preliminary dissertation of the Bened. editor (in Migne's ed. p. 161 sqq.).
^ KaTi7xii<re«5 (|>i)Tit,o/LtfVa!j' (or ySaTTTi^oMfVcoj'), Catcchoses lluminaudor im ThcT we preceded by a oroca^echesis.