FRQM THE LIBRARY OF
TRINITY COLLEGE
TOROJN.TO
Replacement from The Leonard Library Wycliffe College
HISTORY
OF THE
CHRISTIAN CHURCH
BY
PHILIP SCHAFF
Christianas sum : Christiani nihil a me alienum puto
VOL. IV.
MEDIAEVAL CHRISTIANITY
FROM GREGORY I TO GREGORY VII
A.D. 590-1073
NEW YORK CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
M
COPYBIGHT BT PHILIP SCHAFP.
WM. F. FELL & CO..
ELEOTROTYPERS AND PRINTERS,
PHILADELPHIA.
TO HIS OLDEST AMERICAN FRIEND
THE REV. GEORGE L. PRENTISS, D.D.
PROFESSOR IN THE UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY
THIS VOLUME IS
DEDICATED
BY THE AUTHOR
MY DEAR PRENTISS :
When, forty-five years ago, we met in the house of Tholuck at Halle, then in Neander's lecture-room at Berlin, and two years later in St. Peter's and on the Capitol at Rome, and wandered over the ruins of the
urbs (sterna, qua nlhil possis visere majus,
we did not dream of ever seeing each other in your native land, still less of becoming colleagues there in the same institution of sacred learning. But this thought occurred to me even then : If Prentiss is a fair speci men of his countrymen, I would not object to live and labor among them.
I was not mistaken in you, nor disappointed in America. That Pro vidence which shapes our ends far better than we could do ourselves, brought us together in the most congenial field of labor, where German, English, and American ideas and learning find a hospitable home and hopeful pupils. The recent festival of dedication of the new buildings on Lenox Hill marks an epoch in the history of our beloved Seminary, and makes us more willing than ever to devote the remainder of our lives to its service and welfare. May every year be a " step heaven ward," till we reach heaven itself to meet our beloved friends and coworkers who have already passed from the theology of faith to the theology of beatific vision.
Yours, in unbroken friendship.
PHILIP SCHAFF. New York, Union Theological Seminary.
January 1, 1885.
CONTENTS.
MEDLEY AL CHEISTIANITY.
FROM A. D. 590-1517.
CHAPTER I. PAGE
GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO MEDIAEVAL CHURCH HISTORY.
1. Sources and Literature, 1
2. The Middle Age. Limits and General character, ... 5
3. The Nations of Mediaeval Christianity, Kelt, Teuton, Slav, . 7
4. Genius of Mediaeval Christianity, 11
5. Periods of the Middle Age, 14
FOURTH PERIOD,
THE CHURCH AMONG THE BARBARIANS.
From Gregory I. to Gregory VII.
A. D. 590—1049 (1073).
CHAPTER II. THE CONVERSION OF THE NORTHERN AND WESTERN BARBARIANS.
§ 6. Character of Mediaeval Missions, ... ... .17
I. The Conversion of England, Ireland, and Scotland.
§ 7. Literature, 19
g 8. The Britons, 22
I 9. The Anglo-Saxons, 27
§ 10. The Mission of Gregory and Angustin. Conversion of Kent, . 30
\ 11. Antagonism of the Saxon and British Clergy, .... 35
§ 12. Conversion of the other Kingdoms of the Heptarchy, ... 37
I 13. Conformity to Rome Established. Wilfrid, Theodore, Bede, . 39
\ 14. Conversion of Ireland. St. Patrick, St. Bridget, ... 43 (Critical Note on St. Patrick).
3 15. The Irish Church after St. Patrick, 52
vii
viii CONTENTS.
PAGE
g Iff. Subjection of Ireland to English and Koman Eule, ... 58
§ 17. Conversion of Scotland. St. Ninian and St. Kentigern, . 61
2 18. St. Columba and the Monastery of lona, 64
1 19. The Culdees, 72
\ 20. Extinction of the Keltic Church, and Triumph of Home under
King David I., 75
II. The Conversion of France, Germany, and Adjacent Countries.
General Literature, 77
§ 21. Arian Christianity among the Goths and other German Tribes, . 77
2 22. Conversion of Clovis and the Franks, 80
§ 23. Columbanus and the Irish Missionaries on the Continent, . . 84
\ 24. German Missionaries before Boniface, 89
\ 25. Boniface, the Apostle of Germany, 92
§ 26. Pupils of Boniface. Willibald, Gregory of Utrecht, Sturm of
Fulda, 100