RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Anoyra Andrea
of rhetoric 1843-50. He was editor-in-chief and joint proprietor, with the Rev. James S. Dickerson, of The New York Recorder, a Baptist weekly newspaper (later known as The Examiner), 1850-53, and first president of the University of Rochester, N. Y., 1853-88. He was president of the American Baptist Home Missionary Society 1864-66, of the American Baptist Missionary Union 1870-72, and member of the New York State Board of Charities 1868-72. A volume of selections from his Papers and Addresses, was edited by W C. Morey (2 vols., Philadelphia, 1895).
Bibliography: A. C. Kendrick and Florence Kendrick, Martin Brewer Anderson, a Biography, Philadelphia, 1895.
ANDERSON, RUFUS: American Congregationalist; b. at North Yarmouth, Me., Aug. 17, 1796; d. in Boston May 30, 1880. He was graduated at Bowdoin College 1818; studied at Andover Theological Seminary 1819-22; became assistant to the corresponding secretary of the American Board 1822, assistant secretary 1824, and foreign secretary 1832, which last position he filled till 1866, resigning then because he was convinced that the age of seventy years constitutes " a limit beyond which it would not be wise to remain in so arduous a position." He visited officially the missions of the Board in the Mediterranean 1828-29 and again in 1843-44, in India 1854-55, and in the Sandwich Islands 1863. His published works include: Observations on the Peloponnesus and Greek Islands (Boston, 1830); Foreign Missions, their Relations and Claims (New York, 1869); A Heathen Nation [the Sandwich Islanders] Evangelized (1870); a history of the missions of the American Board to the Oriental churches (2 vols., 1872) and in India (1874).
ANDERSON, WILLIAM FRANKLIN : Methodist Episcopalian; b. at Morgantown, W Va., Apr. 22, 1860. He was educated at the State University of West Virginia, Morgantown, W Va., Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, O. (B.A., 1884), Drew Theological Seminary (B.D., 1887), and New York University (M.A., 1897). He has held successive pastorates at the Mott Avenue Methodist Episcopal Church (1887-89), St. James's Church, Kingston, N. Y. (1890-94), Washington Square, New York (1895-98), and Highland Avenue Church, Ossining, N. Y. (1899-1904). He was recording secretary of the Board of Education of the Methodist Episcopal Church from 1898 to 1904, when he was elected corresponding secretary. In 1898 he was made a member of the Board of Managers of the Missionary Society of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and was a member of the General Missionary Committee in 1901-02. In theology he is progressively conservative. He is the editor of The Christian Student, and in addition to numerous contributions to religious magazines has written The Compulsion of Love (Cincinnati, 1904).
ANDRADA, an-dra'da, ANTONIO D' : Jesuit missionary; b. at Villa de Oleiros, Alemtejo, Portugal, about 1580; d. at Goa Mar. 16, 1634. He went to the missions in the East Indies, became superior of the missions of Mongolia, and made two journeys into Tibet, being one of the first Euro-
peans to penetrate that land. He published an account of his first journey (1624) under the title Novo descubrimento do Grao Catayo o dos Reynos de Tibet (Lisbon, 1626). His letter from Tibet for 1626 was published in Italian (Rome, 1626) and French (Paris, 1629).
ANDRADA, DIDACUS, did'a-cus (DIOGO) PAYVA D': Theologian; b. at Coimbra, Portugal, July 26, 1528; d. at Lisbon Dec. 1, 1575. He joined the Jesuits, taught theology at Coimbra, and was one of the Portuguese delegates to the Council of Trent. He replied to Martin Chemnitz's attack on the Jesuits (Theologice Jesuitarum prozcipua capita, Leipsic, 1562), in his Explicationum orthodoxarum de controversis religionis capitibus libri decern (Venice and Cologne, 1564; the first book, De origine Societatis Jesu, was published separately at Louvain, 1566, and, in French at Lyons, 1565). Chemnitz then wrote his celebrated Examen concilii Tridentini quadripartitum (Frankfort, 1565-73). Andrada was prevented by death from finishing his reply, but what he had prepared was published under the title, Defensio Tridentince fidei catholicce quinque libri (Lisbon, 1578). See Chemnitz. He was a brother of the Augustinian monk known as Thomas a Jesu (q.v.).
Bibliography: H. Hurter, Nomenclator literarius recentioris theologice catholicce, i. 43 sqq., Innsbruck, 1892.
ANDREA, an'dr6-a, JAKOB: Lutheran; b. at Waiblingen (7 m. n.e. of Stuttgart), Wiirttemberg, Mar. 25, 1528; d. at Tubingen Jan. 7, 1590. He was educated at the Paedagogium at Stuttgart, and studied theology at Tubingen from 1541 to 1546. In the latter year he became deacon at Stuttgart, but had to leave in 1548, after the introduction of the Interim (q.v.), and went to Tubingen, where he was appointed deacon at the Stiftskirche. In 1553 he took the degree of doctor of theology, was appointed city pastor and afterward superintendent-general at Goppingen. He now developed activity in behalf of the Evangelical Church at large, helping to introduce the Reformation in many places. In 1557 he attended the diets of Frankfort and Regensburg, and was present at the Conference of Worms. In 1559 he attended the Diet of Augsburg; in 1560 he held a church-visitation in Lauingen; in 1561 he was at Erfurt; and in the fall of the same year, in company with the Tubingen chancellor Jakob Beurlin and the Stuttgart courtpreacher Balthasar Bidembach, he went to Paris to attend the religious colloquy in Poissy.
Beurlin having died at Paris, Andrea was appointed professor of theology, provost, and chancellor in Tubingen. In 1563 he went to Strasburg to settle a dispute caused by Zanchi on the inamissibilitas gratia, in 1564 he attended the conference in Bebenhausen to examine the Heidelberg Catechism, and the colloquy in Maulbronn. In 1568 his prince sent him to Brunswick-Wolfenbilttel to assist in the introduction of the Reformation and in framing an Evangelical Church ordinance; at the same time also he joined with Chemnitz, Selnekker, and other theologians of northern Germany, in paving the way for a consensus of the Saxon and other Evangelical Churches. Therewith began
Andrea Andrew