THE NEW SdHAFF-HERZOC;
known work, Pasquillus ecstaticus (Basel, c. 1644; enlarged ed., Geneva, 1514), a severe satire on the utterances of papacy in form of a dialogue between Pasquino and Marferio. He followed eagerly the reformatory movement in his native country, translated the Consideraziones of Juan de Vald(5s (Basel, 1550), and composed a work on doctrines, Christiance religionis institutio (1549). In secret he corresponded with the representatives of a radical Protestantism among the Italians, and in 1550 he took part in the so-called " council " of the Anabaptists in 'S'enice, though he nowhere stated or defended the views expressed there. In his work De arnplitudine regni Dei (1554) he deviated from rigid Calvinism in the doctrine of predestination, but in 1559 he asserted his undeviating orthodox}- in a public confession of faith.
K. Beneath.
Bibliography: The main source is the Oratio panegyrica by J. N. Stupanus, Basel, 1570; his Epistolarum selectarum libri duo, together with the Opera of Olimpia Morata, were published, Basel, 1570. The best modern treatment is by C. Schmidt, in ZHT, 1860, pp. 571-634. Con- Bult also .J. Bonnet, La Famille de Curione, Basel, 1878.
CURRIER, CHARLES WARREN : Roman Catholic; b. at St. Thomas, Danish West Indies, Mar. 22, 1857. He studied at the Redemptorist College, Roermond, Holland (1871-74), and the Redemptorist College, Wittem, Holland (1874-80). He was a foreign missionary in Surinam, Dutch Guiana, 1880-81, and a missionary in the United States lSSl-92 and 1897-1900, holding various parishes in the interval. From 1900 to 1905 he was rector of St. Mary's, Washington, D. C, and in 1905-06 was connected with the Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions, W^ashington. He has written Carmel in America (Baltimore, 1890); History of Religious Orders (New York, 1894); Dimitrios and Irene, or The Conquest of Constantinople (1894); Church and Saints (Now York, 1897); The Rose of Alhama {1898); Mission Memories (Baltimore, 1898); The Divinity of Chriit (1898); and The Mass (1899).
CURTIS, EDWARD LEWIS: Presbyterian; b. at Ann Arbor, :\Iich., Oct. 13, 1853. He studied a:t Yale College (B.A., 1874) and Union Theological Seminary (1879), and spent two years in Germany, chiefly at Berlin; was instructor of Old Testament literature in McCormick Theological Seminary, Chicago, lSsl-84, professor of the same, 1884-91, when he went to Yale Divinity School in the same capacity.
CURTIS, WILLLA.M ALEXANDER: Church of Scotland; b. at Thurso (G5 m. n. of Elgin), Caithnesshire, Scotland, Mar. 17, 1876. He studied in Edinburgh (M.A., 1S97; B.D., 1901), and in Heidelberg, Leipsic, and Oxford in 1901-03. Since the latter yr ar he has been professor of systematic theology at the University of Aberdeen. In 1903 he became a member of the Church of Scotland and General Assembly's committee on the education of ministers and on probationers, and in 1906 was made a member of the same body's committee on the Formula of Subj<erij>iion to the Confession of Faith. In theolojiy lie is an Iilvriiiiiclical Protestant of liberal synn)athies, and lias wriilcii Ji'cligidv, Yesterday, To-day, To-morrow (Edinburgh, 1903).
CURTISS, SAMUEL IVES: Congregationalist; b. at Union, Conn., Feb. 5, 1844; d. in London, Eng., Sept. 22, 1904. He was graduated at Amherst College 1867, and at Union Theological Seminary, New York, 1870. The years 1872-78 he spent in Germany, studying at Bonn and Leipsic and serving as pastor of the American Chapel in Leipsic, 1874-78. In 1878 he became professor of Biblical literature in Chicago (Congregational) Theological Seminary, and in 1879 became professor of Old Testament literature and interpretation. He translated several works from the German and wrote The Levitical Priests (Edinburgh, 1877); Ingersoll and Moses (Chicago, 1879); Franz Delitzsch : a Memorial Tribute (Edinburgh, 1891); and Primitive Semitic Religion To-day (New York, 1902).
CURTIUS (KORTE, KORTHEIM, KORTMANN), VALENTIN: Reformer in Rostock and Ltibeck; b. at Lebus (5 m. n. of Frankfort-on-the-Oder) Jan. 6, 1493; d. at Lubeck Nov. 27, 1567. He studied first at Lubeck, matriculated in theology at Rostock, 1512, and soon entered the Minorite monastery of St. Catherine, where he became reader. Won for the Reformation through Joachim Sliiter, he became minister at the Church of the Holy Spirit in 1528, and in 1531 at St. Mary's. In opposition to Sliiter, he favored the retention of some Latin hymns. On account of his opposition to the people's party led by Dr. Johann Oldendorp, he was obliged to leave Rostock in 1534. Where he went first is uncertain, but for many years, first as deacon, after 1545 (?) as chief pastor, he was stationed at St. Peter's in Ltibeck, then the center of orthodox Lutherdom in North Germany. He was city superintendent there from 1554 until his death.
Curtius took a prominent place in the confessional contentions after Luther's death. While still officiating as pastor he interpellated Melanchthon concerning the Liber Augustanus (Melanchthon's answer of July 21, 1548, in CR, vii. 75 sqq.); he participated in the conference of the Lubeck ministry against Lorenz Morsken; in 1551 he charged Melanchthon with novelty in doctrine (answer, CR, 756 sqq.); in 1553 he signed the Scnlcntia of the ministry against Georg Major in favor of Flacius; in 1554 as the first act of his superin tendency he expelled the Belgic-French Calvinists under John a Lasko, whom Mary Tudor had driven from London.
Curtius led the ministry in the Osiandrian and Crypto-Calvinistic controversies, and often was its representative in conventions and disputations, as at Kosswig and Wittenberg (1557), Jlolln (1558), Brunswick (Feb., 1561), and Liineburg (July, 1561). He was the author of the short but important Formula consensus de doctrina evangelii et admini- .stratione sacramentorum (the so-called Ltibeck Formula of Feb., 1560, considered authoritative till 1685; in C. H. Starcke, Liibeckischc Kirchcn-Historie , pp. 196-197, Hamburg, 1724), and the comprehensive Protestatio contra synodum Tridentinam (in Starckc, pp. 208-243), occasioned by the pope's invitalionof Lubeck to the council, Apr. 22, l.'')61; it attempts to prove the council unlawful on