THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOO
Assembly and took an active part in the proceedings, in 1647 becoming one of the assessors. He was on the committee for the examination of ministers, on that for drafting a confession of faith, and was chosen with others to write the Assembly's annotations on the Bible, his part being from I Kings to Job. He assisted in the conflict with the Separatists of the day. He was chosen prolocutor of the first Provincial Assembly of London, May 3, 1647, and was a recognized leader of the London ministers, uniting with them in protesting against the execution of Charles I. and the actions of Cromwell. His last work was his commentary on the Epistle to the Hebrews, which he barely lived to finish, and which was published after his death, by his son, in 1655 (2 vols.). C. A. Briggs.
Bibliography: His Life, by his son, is prefixed to the 1655 edition of his Commentary, and in H. Clark's Lives of Thirty-two English Divines, pp. 234 sqq., London, 1677. Consult further: A. a Wood, Athence Oxonienses, i. 807, ib. 1691; J. Jteid, Memoirs of the Westminster Divines, Paisley, 1811; B. Brook, Lives of the Puritans, iii. 165, London, 1813; DNB, xxii. 271-273.
GOUGH, gef, JOHN BARTHOLOMEW: Congregational layman and temperance advocate; b. at Sandgate (14 m. s. of Canterbury), Kent, England, Aug. 22, 1817; d. at Philadelphia, Pa., Feb. 18, 1886. When twelve years of age he emigrated to the United States and worked on a farm in Oneida County, N. Y., for two years. He then went to New York City, where he secured employment in the bookbindery of the Methodist Book Concern. He ultimately saved enough to bring his mother and sister to the United States. The family became reduced to poverty, however, and after the death of his mother in 1834 Gough began to drink heavily. In 1842 he was induced to sign the pledge, and quickly gained prominence as an advocate of total abstinence. Within two years he twice violated his pledge, but his earnest endeavors to keep it retained public confidence, and he became widely and favorably known as a temperance lecturer. In 1853-55 and again in 1857-60 he lectured in Great Britain under the auspices of the Scottish Temperance Association and the British Temperance Association. After his return to the United States he lectured on other than temperance topics, although he retained to the last his keen interest in the cause of total abstinence and frequently spoke in its behalf. He wrote Autobiography (London, 1846); Orations (1854); Autobiography and Personal Recollections (Springfield, Mass., 1869); Temperance Lectures (New York, 1879); Sunlight and Shadow : or, Gleanings from my Life- Work (London, 1881); and Platform Echoes (Hartford, Conn., 1886; edited in the foDowing year by Lyman Abbott, with a memoir of the author).
GOULART, gu"lor', SIMON: French Reformed theologian and poet; b. at Senlis (32 m. n.n.e. of Paris) Oct. 20, 1543; d. at Geneva Feb. 3, 1628. He first studied law, then adopted the Reformed faith and became one of the pastors at Geneva (1566). He was called to Antwerp, to Orange, to Montpellier, and Nimes as minister, and to Lausanne as professor, but the Genevese magistrates always refused to part with him. In 1595 he spoke
violently of Gabrielle d'Estrees, the favorite of Henry IV., in a sermon and was therefore put in prison by order of the Council of Geneva, but after eight days he was released, although the French ambassador had required a more severe punishment. He wrote a number of books on history and theology (for full list cf. Lichtenberger, ESR, v. 639- 641), the most important being his additions to Crespin's Histoire des Martyrs (Geneva, 1608); Recueil contenant les choses les plus memorables advenues sous la Ligue (6 vols., 1590-99); Recueil des choses memorables sous le regne de Henri II. (1598). Eugene Choisy.
Bibliography: P. E. Godet, Hist, litteraires de la Suisse francaise, Paris, 1889; V. Rossel, Hist, litteraire de la Suisse romande, 2 vols., Geneva, 1889-91; E. Choisy, L'Etat chretien a Geneve, ib. 1902.
GOULBURN, EDWARD MEYRICK: Church of England; b. at Chelsea (a suburb of London) Feb. 11, 1818; d. at Tunbridge Wells (30 m. s.e. of London), Kent, May 3, 1897. He was educated at Eton College and at Balliol College, Oxford (B.A., 1839). From 1839 to 1846 he was fellow of Merton College, Oxford, and tutor and dean from 1843 to 1845. He was ordered deacon in 1842 and priested in 1843. He was successively perpetual curate of Holywell, Oxford (1844-50), head master of Rugby (1850-58), minister of Quebec Chapel, now the Church of the Annunciation, St. Marylebone, London (1858-59), vicar of St. John's, Paddington, London (1859-66), and dean of Norwich (1866-89). He was also chaplain to the bishop of Oxford (1847- 1849), and prebendary of Brownswood in St. Paul's Cathedral and chaplain to the queen (1859-66). In theology he advanced gradually from the Evangelical to the High-church position, although he was never a ritualist. He was a strong opponent of latitudinarianism and rationalism. Of his voluminous writings the more important are: The Doctrine of the Resurrection of the Body (Bampton Lectures; London, 1851); An Introduction to the Devotional Study of Holy Scripture (1854); A Manual of Confirmation (3 parts, 1855); Thoughts on Personal Religion (2 vols., 1862); The Pursuit of Holiness (1869); The Holy Catholic Church (1873); A Commentary on the Order of the Administration of the Lord's Supper (1875); Everlasting Punishment (1880); Three Counsels of the Divine Master for the Conduct of the Spiritual Life (2 vols., 1S88); and John William Burgon, late Dean of Chichester (2 vols., 1892).
Bibliography: B. Compton, Edward Meyrick Goulburn, London, 1899.
GOULD, GEORGE PIERCE: English Baptist; b. at Exeter, England, July 13, 1848. He was educated at London University (1865-67), Glasgow University (M.A., 1871), Glasgow University Divinity Hall (1871-73), and the universities of Berlin, Gottingen, and Leipsic (1873-76). After his return to England he was pastor of Baptist chapels at Bournemouth and Boscombe (1876-80), and at Cotbam Grove, Bristol (1880-85). He was then appointed professor of Hebrew, Old Testament exegesis, and church history in Regent's Park College, London, holding this position until he was chosen principal, substituting systematic theology