THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
n.n.w. of London), Dec. 13, 1863. He received his medical education in German universities, and in the College of Surgeons, London (M.D., 1815), where he became professor of anatomy in 1824. He was also surgeon to St. Thomas' Hospital (1820-52), professor of anatomy to the Royal Academy (1825- 1S52), professor of surgery at King's College (1830- 1837), a member of the council of the College of Surgeons (1835-63), a member of the court of examiners (1846-63), president of the college (1849- 1850, 185S-59), and president of the General Medical Council (1S60-63). He was a personal friend and disciple of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, and became his literary executor. In 1836 he retired to the country and spent the rest of his life in philosophical and linguistic study with a view to publishing a monumental exposition of Coleridge's system. He embodied the results of his philosophical studies in Vital Dynamics (London, 1840); Mental Dynamics (1847); in the Introduction to his edition of Coleridge's Confessions of an Inquiring Spirit (1849); and particularly in the posthumous Spiritual Philosophy : Founded on the Teaching of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, edited, with a Memoir of Green, by John Simon (2 vols., 1865), the best exposition of Coleridge's philosophy that has yet appeared.
Bibliography: Consult, besides the Memoir prefixed to Spiritual Philosophy, ut sup., DNB, xxii. 49-51.
GREEN, SAMUEL GOSNELL: English Baptist; b. at Falmouth (66 m. w.s.w. of Plymouth), Cornwall, Dec, 20, 1822; d. in London Sept. 15, 1905. He was educated at Stepney (now Regent's Park) College (B.A., University of London, 1844). He was successively pastor at High Wycombe, Bucks. (1844-47), and Taunton (1S47-51), then classical tutor (1S51-63) and president (1863-76) of Horton College, Bradford, which was removed to Rawdon in 1859. In 1876 he was chosen book editor of the Religious Tract Society, London, of which he subsequently became secretary, retiring from active life in 1899. He was a trustee of the John Rylands Library, Manchester, and a vice-president of the British and Foreign Bible Society. In theology he was a liberal Evangelical. His principal works are : Addresses to Children (London, 1849); The Working Classes of Great Britain (1850); Lectures to Children on the Bible (1856); Lectures to Children on Scripture Doctrine (1856); Bible Sketches for Young People (2 vols., 1865-70); Handbook to the Grammar of the Greek New Testament (1870); The Written Word; or, the Contents and Interpretation of Holy Scripture briefly considered (1871); Life and Letters of the Apostle Peter (1873); Kings of Israel and Judah (1S76); Pen and Pencil Pictures (4 vols., 1876-83); What do I believe? (1880); Christian Ministry to the Young (1883); Wycliffe Anecdotes (1SS4); The Christian Creed and the Creed of Christendom (1898); The Story of the Religious Tract Society (1X99,); Handbook of Old Testament Hebrew (1901); and Handbook of Church History (1904). He edited a new edition of P. Lorimer's translation of G. V. Lechler's Wiclif (London, 1884); an enlarged edition of the Annotated Paragraph Bible (1894); and a thoroughly revised edition of J. Angus' Bible Handbook (1904); besides being chairman of
the editorial committee of a New Baptist Church Hymnal.
GREEN, THOMAS HILL: English philosopher; b. at Birkin (10 m. s.e. of Leeds), Yorkshire, Apr. 7, 1836; d. at Oxford Mar. 26, 1882. He was educated at Rugby and at Balliol College, Oxford (B.A., 1859; M.A., 1862), where he was elected fellow in 1860. His life henceforth was devoted chiefly to teaching in the university, first as tutor, after 1878 as Whyte professor of moral philosophy. Certain scruples prevented him from entering the ministry, though on taking his M.A. degree he signed the Thirty-Nine Articles. He was a disciple of Kant and Hegel, but by his independent treatment of philosophical problems he won, and still holds, extremely high rank as an original thinker. By his trenchant criticism of Hume, from the idealistic viewpoint, he broke the sway of empiricism in England and afterward became the founder of the so-called Neo-Hegelian school, which is now practically dominant in English and American speculation. Briefly, his view is, that only the experienced is real, and that finite experience forms a system of relations which are caught up in one eternal self-conscious whole, viz., the Absolute or God. While for God the world is, for man it becomes; and human experience is only God partially and gradually revealing himself in man. Green's ethics is based on his idealistic metaphysics. The ethical ideal, the end in which the effort of a moral agent "can really find rest," is revealed to the self-conscious subject by the reason; and the difference between a good man and a bad man is, that while the one wills what the eternal and divine intelligence reproduced in him demands, the other wills contrary to reason, and therefore in violation of divine law. Green's character is described in Mrs. Humphry Ward's Robert Elsmere, under the name of Mr. Gray. His principal works are, the famous Introduction to Hume's Treatise of Human Nature (i. 1-310, London, 1874); his posthumous Prolegomena to Ethics (ed. A. C. Bradley, Oxford, 1883), one of the most valuable contributions to constructive philosophy ever made by an Englishman; and The Witness of God, and Faith (London, 1883), two lay sermons delivered to his pupils at Oxford. His Works, exclusive of the Prolegomena, were edited by R. L. Nettleship (3 vols., London, 1885-88).
Bibliography: A Life, by It. L. Nettleship, was prefixed to vol. iii. of the Works, reprinted separately, London, 1906. Consult: DNB, xxii. 55-56; W H. Fairbrother, The Philosophy of Thomas Hill Green, New York, 1896; full bibliography in Baldwin, Dictionary, III., i. 228.
GREEN THURSDAY. See Holt Week, § 4.
GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY: Presbyterian; b. at Groveville, N. J., Jan. 27, 1825; d. at Princeton, N. J., May 4, 1896. He was educated at Lafayette College (A.B., 1840) and Princeton Theological Seminary (1846). He was instructor in Hebrew at Princeton Theological Seminary from 1S46 to 1S49 and was also stated supply at the Second Presbyterian Church there in 1847. From 1849 to 1851 he was pastor of the Central Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia, and from the latter year until his death was a professor in Princeton Theological