RELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Herrnhut Herzogr
HERVEY, ARTHUR CHARLES : Church of England bishop of Bath and Wells; b. at London Aug. 20, 1808; d. near Basingstoke (45 m. w.s.w. of London), Hampshire, June 9, 1894. He was of noble birth, being the fourth son of Frederick William, first marquis and fifth earl of Bristol, and was educated at Trinity College, Cambridge (B.A.,1830), and was ordered deacon and ordained priest in 1832. He was rector of Ickworth-cum-Chedburgh, Suffolk (1832-69), and was also curate of Horringer (1844- 1869), as well as archdeacon of Sudbury (1862-69). In 1869 he was consecrated bishop of Bath and Wells. He was one of the Company of Old Testament Revisers. In theology he inclined toward Evangelicalism. He prepared portions of the volumes on Ruth and Samuel for The Speaker's Commentary (London, 1873), and on Judges, Ruth, Acts, and the Pastoral Epistles for The Pulpit Commentary (188J.-87), and wrote: Sermons for the Sundays and Principal Holy-Days throughout the Year (2 vols., London, 1850); The Genealogies of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ, as Contained in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, Reconciled with Each Other, and with the Genealogy of the House of David, from Adam to the Close of the Canon of the Old Testament, and Shewn to be in Harmony with the true Chronology of the Times (Cambridge, 1853); The Jews, their Past History, their Present Condition, their Future Prospects (London, 1854); The Inspiration of Holy Scripture (1856); The Authenticity of the Gospel of St. Luke (London, 1892); The Book of Chronicles in Relation to the Pentateuch and the "Higher Criticism" (1892); and The Pentateuch (in collaboration with C. Hole; 1895).
Bibliogbapht: DNB, Supplement, ii. 415.
HERVEY, JAMES : Popular religious writer and clergyman of the Church of England; b. at Hardingstone (1 m. s. of Northampton) Feb. 26, 1714; d. at Weston Favell (1 m. n. of Northampton) Dec. 25, 1758. He was educated at the free grammar-school at Northampton, and at Lincoln College, Oxford (B.A., 1736). At Oxford he came under the influence of John Wesley, then fellow and tutor at Lincoln, but finally adopted a strongly Calvinistic creed and determined to remain in the Established Church. After holding curacies in Hampshire and Devonshire, where he was also chaplain to Paul Orchard of Stoke Abbey, he became curate to his father at Weston Favell in 1743, and succeeded to the livings of Weston Favell and Collingtree in 1752. His death was brought about by overwork, both in his parish and in his study. He was the author of several books which, though of no great literary or theological value, once enjoyed wide popularity, occupying a position in the family library side by side with the Pilgrim's Progress and the Whole Duty of Man. The more important of them are : Meditations and Contemplations (2 vols., London, 1746- 1747; 25th ed., 1791 ), containing among other things the Meditations among the Tombs , and Theron and Aspasio, or a Series of Dialogues and Letters (3 vols., 1755), which drew replies from John Wesley, Robert Sandeman (qq.v.), and others; and the posthumous Eleven Letters to John Wesley (1765), an
answer to Wesley's objections. His Works were pub-
lished at Edinburgh (6 vols., 1769) and also in London (7 vols., 1797).
Bibliography: A Life, by Dr. Birch, was prefixed to the Letters, with a supplement by his curate, A. Maddock; a Life by T. W. was prefixed also to the Meditations; and still other editions of his works have had sketches of his life by different hands. Consult DNB, xxvi. 282-284; D. A. Harsha, Life of Rev. James Hervey, Albany, 1865.
HERZOG, har'tsog, EDUARD: Old Catholic bishop; b. at Schongau (a village near Hochdorf, 11 m. n. of Lucerne), Switzerland, Aug. 1, 1841. He was educated at Tubingen, Freiburg, and Bonn (1865-68), and from 1868 to 1872 was teacher of religion in the normal school of the Canton of Lucerne and of exegesis in the Roman Catholic theological seminary in Lucerne. In 1872 he left the Roman Catholic Church for the " Christian Catholic Church of Switzerland," a branch of the Old Catholic movement. He was then pastor of churches of this sect at Crefeld, Prussia (1872-73), Olten (1873-76), and Bern (1876-84). In 1876 he was consecrated bishop of the Old Catholic Church, and since 1874 has been professor of New Testament exegesis, catechetics, and homiletics in the Catholic theological faculty of the University of Bern. He has written Ueber die Abfassungszeit der Pastor albriefe (Lucerne, 1870); Christkatholisches Gebetbuch (Bern, 1879); Gemeinschaft mit der anglo-amerikanischen Kirche (1881); Ueber Religions freiheit in der helvetischen Republik (1884); Synodalpredigten und Hirtenbriefe (2 series, 1886-1901); Gegen Rom, Vortrag zur Aufkldrung iiber den Montanismus (in collaboration with F. Wrubel and Weibel; Zurich, 1890); Beitrdge zur Vorgeschichte der christkatholischen Kirche der Schweiz (Bern, 1896); " Predige das Wort " (sermons, 1897); Die kirchliche Siindenvergebung nach der Lehre des heiligen Augustins (1902); and Stiftspropst Josef Burkard Leu und das Dogma von 1854- (1904).
HERZOG JOHANN JAKOB: German Reformed theologian; b. at Basel Sept. 12, 1805; d. at Erlangen Sept. 30, 1882. He was educated at the Pffidagogium in Basel and the University of Basel where he studied theology for three years. He then attended the University of Berlin, where he had first Schleiermacher and then Neander for teachers. He then returned to Basel, where he passed his first theological examination and became a docent in the university. In 1835 he was called to Lausanne, where in 1838 he became professor of historical theology. At Lausanne he lived on most friendly terms with both colleagues and students, cultivating with them pleasant social relations. At the same time he was very active in a literary way; besides several smaller essays, such as one on the teachings of Zwingli, and his Johannes Calvin, eine biographische Skizze (Basel, 1843), he composed a longer work: Das Leben (Ecolampadius und die Reformation der Kirche zu Basel (2 vols., Basel, 1843). In 1840 and 1841 he contributed a series of articles to the Evangelische Kirchenzeitung on the conflict between the national church of the Canton of Vaud and the State, which at that time was trying to render it dependent. In Feb., 1846, he resigned his professorship on account of conscientious scruples and after a year of private teaching was called in
Herzog Hesse