THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
of Logical Processes (1851, 2d ed., 1860). In spite of his preference for metaphysics, he commanded a lesser degree of attention there than he had in the logical field. His Metaphysics; or the Philosophy of Consciousness Phenomenal and Real (Edinburgh, 1860) is concerned with psychological problems, including causality and ethics; his Philosophy of the Conditioned (London, 1866) is a defense against Mill of the philosophy of Hamilton; but the best results of his work as a metaphysician are to be found in a prior work, the Bampton Lectures, The Limits of Religious Thought Examined (Oxford, 1858), in which he sought to apply Hamilton's philosophy of the conditioned to apologetic uses. Other works, showing the range of his activity, are: Demons of the Wind and Other Poems (London, 1838); Letters, Lectures and Reviews (posthumous; 1873); and Gnostic Heresies of the First and Second Centuries, ed. J. B. Lightfoot (1875). When he died, he was at work on a commentary on Matthew for the Bible Commentary which he left unfinished. He also edited, in collaboration with John Veitch, Hamilton's Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic (4 vols., Edinburgh, 1859-60), and published a volume of Lenten Sermons (1863), as well as individual sermons on occasional topics.
Bibliography: J. W. Burgon, The Lives of Twelve Good Men, ii 149-237, London, 1889; DNB, xxxvi. 81-83.
MANSI, GIOVANNI DOMENICO: Italian prelate and scholar; b. at Lucca Feb. 16, 1692; d. there Sept. 27, 1769. In 1708 he joined the " Regular Clerks of the Mother of God," founded at Lucca in 1583 by Giovanni Leonardi, devoted himself to theological teaching and writing, and became archbishop of Lucca in 1765. His literary productions are partly original, partly new and revised editions of famous older works. He issued new editions of Baronius' Annates together with the continuation of Raynaldus and the criticisms of Pagi (38 vols., Lucca, 1738-56), of Natalis and Graveson's Historia ecclesiastica, of ReiffenstueFs and later of Laymann's Theologia moralis, of the Vetus et nova ecclesice discipline of Thomassin, and a number of others. He began bis original work with a treatise on reserved cases in 1724; and his Epitome doctrinm moralis et canonicce (Venice, 1770), taken from the works of Benedict XIV., has been often reprinted. But his most celebrated works were concerned with the councils of the Church. In 1746 he published a chronological investigation of the councils of Sirmium and Sardica, and not long afterward began his renowned Sanctorum conciliorum et decretorum collectio nova (6 vols., Lucca, 1748-52), intended as a supplement to the collection of Labbe, Cossart, and Coleti. It contains 320 papal briefs, the acts of 200 councils previously omitted, and notes on 380 councils whose acts are lost. At the request of the Venetian publisher Zatta, he undertook to reduce to unity and further supplement and annotate the labors of his predecessors; and the Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio was the result. He delivered the complete manuscript to the printer in 1765; thirty-one folio volumes appeared up to 1798, when its publication ceased with the Council of Florence
(1439). Beginning in 1900, a facsimile of the earlier part has been coming out in Paris, which is intended to bring the work down to the end of the nineteenth century in forty-five volumes. (G. LAUBMANNf.) Bibliography: The biography by his associate Franceschini is in vol. xix. of Mansi's collection of councils; that by Dominic Pacchi is in J. A. Fabricius, Bibliotheca lalina medics et infimce cetatis, i., pp. xi.-xix., Florence, 1858. Consult also: A. Zatta, Commentarius de vita et scriptis J. D Mansi, Venice, 1772; Lichtenberger, ESR, viii. 634-635- KL, viii. 626-627.
MANT, RICHARD: Church of Ireland; b. at Southampton Feb. 12, 1776; d. at Ballymoney (12 m. n.n.w. of Belfast), Ireland, Nov. 2, 1848. He was educated at Winchester and at Trinity College, Oxford (B.A., 1797; M.A., 1801). Ordained deacon in 1802 and priest in 1803, he was curate of Buriton, Hampshire (1804-08); Crawley, Hampshire (1808-09); and Southampton (1809-10); vicar of Great Coggeshall, Essex (1810-13); and rector of St. Botolph, London (1815-20); and East Horsley, Surrey (1818-20). He was Bampton lecturer in 1811 and domestic chaplain to the archbishop of Canterbury from 1813 to 1815. In Apr., 1820, he was consecrated bishop of Killaloe and Kilfenora and in Mar., 1823, he was translated to Down and Connor, to which Dromore was added in 1842. Mant was a very voluminous writer, both in prose and verse; of his works the most important are: Sermons for Parochial and Domestic Use (3 vols., Oxford, 1813); his annotated Bible, in collaboration with George D'Oyly (3 vols., Oxford, 1814; see Bibles, Annotated, II., § 9); Sermons Preached before the University of Oxford (1816); The Book of Psalms in a Metrical Version (1824); The Gospel Miracles, in a Series of Poetical Sketches (London, 1832) ; The British Months, a Poem (1835) ; Ancient Hymns from the Roman Breviary (1837); and History of the Church of Ireland, from the Reformation (2 vols., 1840). Of Mant's numerous hymns may be mentioned: "For all thy saints, O God" and " Come, Holy Ghost, my soul inspire! "
Bibliography: Memoirs were written by W. B. Mant, the bishop's son, London, 1857, and by E. Berens, ib. 1849. Consult further: DNB, xxxvi. 96-98; S. W. Duffield, English Hymns, pp. 152, 183, 221, 342, 488, New York, 1886; Julian, Hymnology, pp. 713-714.
MANTELETTA. See Vestments and Insignia, Ecclesiastical.
M ANTON, THOMAS: English nonconformist; baptized at Lydiard St. Lawrence (38 m. s.w. of Bristol), Somersetshire, Mar. 31, 1620; d. in London Oct. 18, 1677 He was graduated from the University of Oxford (B.A., 1639; B.D., 1654; D.D., 1660), and was ordained deacon in 1640. He settled at Stoke Newington, London, in 1644 or 1645, and became rector of St. Paul's, Covent Garden, in 1656. He was one of the three scribes to the Westminster Assembly, and during the commonwealth preached many times before parliament. Despite his close relations with the commonwealth, he favored the restoration and was made in 1660 one of the twelve chaplains to the king, though he never performed the duties or received the emoluments of the office. In the same year he was offered the deanery of Rochester, but