THE NEW SCHAFF-HERZOG
gelical patron, whose guardianship over ecclesiastical property is enlarged, has a right, under the stress of patronage burdens, to appropriate from the church accounts; he can in some places cooperate in important acts of church administration, and in some states may attend without votes the sessions of the church governing body or send a properly qualified substitute. See Parish and Pastor, § 3.
(U. Stutz.) Bibliography: Bingham, Origines, IV., ii., § 19, V., vi., § 5, IX., viii., § 6; I. Kaim, Das Kirchenpatronatrecht, Leipsic, 1845; B. Schilling, Der kirchliche Patronat, Leipsic, 1854; P Hinschius, Das landesherrliche Patronatrecht, Berlin, 1856; idem, Das preussische Kirchenrecht, pp. 319, 371 sqq., ib. 1884; B. W. Leist, Das romische Patronatrecht, 2 vols., Erlangen, 1879; A. Frantz, Die Patronats-Befugnisse, Marburg, 1883; J. von Zhishman, Das Stifterrecht in der morgenldndischen Kirche, Vienna, 1888; L. Wahrmund, Das Kirchenpatronatrecht . . in Oesterreich, 2 parts, Vienna, 1894-96; U. Stutz, Geschichte des kirchlichen Benefizialwesens, Berlin, 1895; M. Hansult, Das Patronat in der evangelischen Landeskirche . Hesse, Giessen, 1898; \V. von Briinneck, Beitrage zur Geschichte des Kirchenrechts, Berlin, 1902-04; W. E. Addis and T. Arnold, Catholic Dictionary, pp. 673-695, London, 1903; Galante, La Condizione giuridica delle cose sacre, part i., Turin, 1903; the treatises on ecclesiastical law (Kirchenrecht) by Hinschius, ii. 128, Berlin, 1878; and Friedberg, §§ 118-122, 128, Leipsic, 1903; KL, ix. 1620-29; Hauck, KD, iv. 29 sqq. A large literature is indicated in Hauck- Herzog, RE, xv. 13-14.
PATTERSON, ROBERT MAYNE: Presbyterian; b. at Philadelphia, Pa., July 17, 1832. He was graduated from the high school of his native city in 1849; was official reporter of the United States Senate (1850-55) ; was graduated from Princeton Theological Seminary (1859); was pastor of the Presbyterian Church at Great Valley, Pa. (1859-67) ; of the South Presbyterian Church, Philadelphia, Pa. (1867-80); and again at Great Valley (1880-1906). In 1880 he was the author of measures enlarging the powers of synods and formulated the " Inerrancy deliverance " in the General Assembly of 1892. Besides his work as associate editor of The Presbyterian (1870-80) and of The Presbyterian Journal (1880- 1893), he has written Revival Counsels (Philadelphia, 1871); Total Abstinence (1872); Presbyterianism in Philadelphia (1873); Which is the Apostolic Church? (1874); Paradise, the Place and State of Saved Souls (1874); Visions of Heaven for the Life on Earth (1877); Elijah, the Favored Man (1880); The Skeptic Reclaimed (1888); Isaiah and the Higher Critics (1889); American Presbyterianism (1896); and The Angels and their Ministrations (1900).
PATTESON, JOHN COLERIDGE: Church of England bishop of Melanesia; b. at London Apr. 1, 1827; murdered on the island of Nukapu, Melanesian group, Sept. 20, 1871. He studied at Eton and afterward at Oxford, where he was elected fellow of Merton College, 1852; was curate at Alfington, Devonshire; went to New Zealand in 1855 to assist Bishop Selwyn in his missionary work among the South Sea Islands; and in 1861 was consecrated bishop of Melanesia. Possessing great linguistic talent, he reduced to writing and grammar several languages; and translated into the Mota tongue the Gospels of Luke and John and other parts of Scripture. He was indefatigable and self-denying in organizing, teaching, and conducting divine worship, with special effort for the economic promotion
of the natives and the reduction of the numerous dialects (he spoke twenty- three) to written languages. An evidence of his success and that of his coworkers is the fact that after twenty years only forty of the 800 natives on the chief island, Mota, remained unbaptized. The kidnaping of the islanders by unscrupulous traders to be sent to the plantations of Queensland and Fiji was apparently the cause of his death. Not aware of the ill-feeling aroused over the alleged slaying of five of their number, he landed at Nukapu and was immediately killed.
Bibliography; Biographies have been written by C. M. Yonge, 2 vols., London, 1873-78; E. Palmer, ib. 1872; Frances Awdry, Story of a Fellow Soldier, ib. 1875; \V. Baur, Lebensbilder aus der Heidenmission, vol. iv., Guteraloh, 1878; Jesse Page, London, 1891; and in DNB, xliv. 53-56.
PATTISON, DOROTHY WYNDLOW (SISTER DORA) : Philanthropist, sister of Mark Pattison (q.v.); b. at Haukswell, near Richmond (40 m. n.w. of York), Jan. 16, 1832; d. at Walsall (9 m. n. of Birmingham), Staffordshire, Dec. 24, 1878. She was the youngest daughter of Mark James Pattison, rector of Haukswell and a man of means; in her twenty-ninth year, purely from philanthropic motives, she became village schoolmistress in the parish of Little Woolston, Buckinghamshire, serving there 1861-64; in 1864 she entered the sisterhood of the Good Samaritan at Coatham, Yorkshire, and the next year was sent to Walsall to assist in the hospital there conducted by the sisterhood; she devoted herself to the study of nursing, became exceptionally skilful, and was able even to perform minor operations with success. The casualties which called forth her ministrations were mostly among workmen engaged in coal-mining and in machine shops, and her faithful devotion, skill, unfailing cheerfulness, large ability for enduring continuous hours of duty, and great tenderness won for her the complete confidence and enduring love of the people to whom she ministered. In 1867 a new hospital was built, and she received charge of it. She pursued her studies at the Birmingham Ophthalmic Hospital, and also carried on the training of nurses at Walsall. In 1874 she left the sisterhood, and had charge in 1S75 of the Walsall Municipal Epidemic Hospital, where the cases were principally those of smallpox. But she returned late in 1875 to the Cottage Hospital. In 1876 she developed cancer, from which she eventually died. Memorials of her life of sacrifice took the shape of her portrait in the hospital, a fund for the placing of convalescent patients, a memorial window in the parish church, and her statue at Walsall, unveiled Oct. 11, 1886.
Bibliography: Margaret Lonsdale, Sister Data, London, 1879 (many editions); Ellen M. M. Ridsdalo. Sister Dora: personal Reminiscences of her later Years, with some of her Letters, ib. 1XS0; Sister Dora and her Statue, Walsall, 1886; DNB, xliv. 57-58.
PATTISON, MARK: Church of England; b. at Hornby (30 m. n.w. of York), Yorkshire, Oct, 10, 1813; d. at Harrowgate (19 m. w. of York), Yorkshire, July 30, 1881. From his father he received a good preparation in Latin, Greek, and mathematics, and subsequently studied at Oriel and Lin-