The 'pictures of silver' (Pr 25") in which .apples of gold are said to be placed, may have been filigree silver baskets for fruit. The Oriental silversmiths excel in thi! manufacture of such ware.
G. E. Post.
APPLE OF THE EYE (lit. •child [[W'x, dim. of ^'x man] of the eye ' ; sometimes nj ' daughter of the eye.' Ps 17', in combination, M'ns pi^'x? 'as child, daughter of, the eye.' Once, Zee 2*, .i?5 ' the opening, door, of the eye ') is the ' eyeball," or globe of the eye, especially the pupil or centre, the organ of vision ; composed of exceedingly delicate and sensitive structures, carefullyshielJed from external injury. It is enclosed in the bony orbit, supported behind and on the sides by a quantity of loose fat, protected above by the eyebrows, and in front by the eyelashes and eyelids, the lids closing instinc- tively in presence of danger. The surface is kept continually moist by an almost imperceptible flow of tears. Hence its preciousness makes it a fitting emblem of God's unceasing and tender care for Hia people, as in Dt 32"', Ps 17», Zee 2». In Pr 1" the same figure represents the preciousness of th divine law ; and in La 2'* continuous weeping ia enjoined because of the terrible calamities that had befallen the inhabitants of Jerusalem.
S. T. GwiLLIAM.
APPOINT. — In earlier Eng. this word had a con- siderable range of meaning, and there are many examples in AV of obsol. or archaic uses. To a. is literally ' to bring to a point,' i.e. fix or settle.
1. If the point in question is between two or more persons, then it means to agree, as Jg 20^ ' Now there was an a"" sign between the men of Israel and the liers in wait.' Cf. Job 2" 'Job's three friends . . . had made an appoLatment together to come to mourn with him and to comfort him.'
2. If it is one's own mind that is to be brouglit to a point or settled, then a. means to resolve, as 2 S 17" 'The Lord had a'"' (RV 'ordained') to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel.' 3. If it is other persons or things, then a. means («) to make firm, establish, as Pr 8*" He a^ (RV ' marked out ') the foundations of the earth.' (6) To pre- scribe or decree, as Gn 3(P ' A. me thy wages, and I will give it' ; 2 S 15" ' Thy servants are ready to do whatsoever my lord the king shall a.' (RV ' choose ') ; 2 Es 3' ' thou a""^' death in (RV ' for ') him'; Is SO'* RV 'every stroke of the a"" staff' (Heb. mjio hed ' staff of foundation,' AV 'grounded,' RVm 'of doom'); 1 Co 4» 'a''' (RV 'doomed') to death'; 1 Th 5» 'God hath not a*'" us to wrath.' (e) To set apart, as Job 7' ' wearisome nights are a"" to me'; Ac 1^ 'they a"* (RV 'nut forward') two, Joseph . . , and Slattliias.' Hence ('/) to assi™ to some purpose or position, as Lk 10' ' the Lord a*^ other seventy also.' In this sense a. is used with ' out ' in Gn 24" ' the woman wliom the Lord hath a"^ out (RV 'a""') for my master's son' ; Jos 20' ' A. out for vou (RV ' assign you ') cities of refuge.' Last of all («) in Jg IS"- ■' a. means to furnish or equip : ' six hundred men a"* (RV ' girt ')
APPREHEND
AQUILA
129
with weapons of war.' With which cf. Shaka. Tit. And. IV. li. 16—
* You mA7 be armed and appoiDted well ' ;
and Tindale's tr. of Lk 17' ' Apoj-nt thy selfi> and sen-e me.' J. Hastincs.
APPREHEND is twice used in AV in the still customary sense of ' making prisoner,' Ac 12^, 2 Co U"; but K\' turns a. into 'take' in both passages, in order to make the tr. of the verb (rioiu.) uniform. See Jn T"- »»• " S-" 10^ 11" 21'- '», Ac 3', Rev 19". In Ph 3'^ " a. is found in the nearly obsol. sense of ' laying hold of,' and is used tig., ' If that I may a. that for wliich also I am a"" of (KV 'was a"* by') Christ Jesus' (Amer. RV ' laid hold on '). To those, the only examples of a. in AV, RV adds Jn 1' 'And the light shineth in the darkness, and the darkness a*^ it not' (AV 'comprehended,' RVm 'overcame,' ^(•ith a ref. to Jn 12^ ' that darkness overtake you not,' where the Gr. verb KaraXafifidi'u is the same) ; and Eph. 3" 'that j'e . . . may be strong to a.' (sameGr., AV 'may be able to comprehend'), 'a minute and over-careful change,' says Moule. See Comprehend. J. Hastings.
APPROVE This word has now settled down
into the meaning of 'to think well of ; examples are I's 49", La 3**. Hut in other passages we see it only approaching this meaning, and that from two sides. We may a. of a thing if its worth is tested by us, or if it is demonstrated to us. Hence (1) to test, or a. after testing (Gr. ioKtixiiw or ioKiiioi) : Ro 16'° 'Salute Apelles, a"* in Christ,' 2'" and F'h l" ' thou a"*' the things that are excel- lent' (RVm ' provest the things that differ'), Ro I4'9, 1 Co 11"' 16», 2 Co 10" 13', 2 Ti 2", and in RV Ro 14^, 1 Th 2^, Ja V.* And (2) to demonstrate, or a. after demonstration : Ac 2^ ' a man a*'' of God among you ( RV ' unto 3'ou ') by miracles ' (iwoSeSeiy- uJfor fit vfiat, 'a strong word = clearly shown, pointed out specially or apart from others ; it ex- presses clearness, and suggests certainty. '—Vage and Walpole, Acts, p. 18); 2 Co 6* 'in all things a'"' ourselves as the ministers of God' (iTinilaTT)ixi, RV 'commending'); 7" 'Ye have a"" yourselves to be clear in this matter' (awlarrifu, RV as AV). Cf. Pref. to AV^ (1611) ' We do seek to a. ourselves to every one's conscience.' J. HASTINGS.