* Even so my limbs, Weakened with grief, being now enrag'tl with grief, Are tiirice themselves. Hence, therefore, thou nice crutch I'
3. In one of the passages referred to above, Pr 17'-^, the word has evidently an active mean- ing, though the Hebrew is oy? kdas, which ex- presses usually' the/ee/injr of vexation: 'A foolish son is a grief to his father.' This meaning is seen also in Gn 26^ ' Which were a grief of uimd unto Isaac and to Rebekah ' (m-i mo, RVm ' bitterness of spirit'); 1 S 25" 'And it shall come to pass . . . that this shall be no grief unto thee, nor oll'enoe of heart unto my lord, . . . that thou hast shed blood causeless ' (.ijisp, RVm ' cause of staggering ' ; LX.X /35eXiry^i5s [possibly, says Driver, a corruption of the unusual Xiry/iis, the word in Aq. and Syiiira.] Ka.1 aKivSaKov; Vulg. 'in singultum et scrupulum cordis' ; Dou. 'an occasion of sobbing to thee, and a scruple of heart to my lord') ; Jon 4' ' And the Lord God prepared a gourd, and made it to come up over Jonah, that it might be a shadow over his head, to deliver him from his grief Cinyi?, RV ' from his evil case ') ; Sir 26' ' Btit a grief of heart and sorrow is a woman that is jealous over another woman ' (dX7ot) ; 1 P 2'« ' For this is thankworthy.
if a man for conscience toward God endure grie^ Bull'ering wrongfully' (Xi'iros, RV 'griefs'; Vulg. ' tristitias,' hence Wye. ' sorews or hcrynesses,' and Khem. 'sorowes.' "But the meaning is clearly 'things that cause sorrow,' 'grievances,' and no doubt this was Tindale's meaning in introducing 'grief,' followed by all the rest of tlie versions). For 'grief was frequently used in the 8en>e of 'grievance,' as Shaks. Pericles, l. ii. 06 — • Bear xvlth patience Such griefs as you yourself do lay upon yourself.*
Grievance occurs but once, Hab 1' ' Why liost thou show me iniquity, ami cause me to Iiehold grievance?' C^rV, KV ' perver.seness' as the word is tr' by AV in Nu '23"). The Heb. is a common word for ' toil,' but also lias the double sense of misery and mischief — see Davidson, inloc. Wyclif s word is ' traveile ' after Vulg. ' laborem,' I )ou. 'labour'; other VSS 'sorrow.' 'Grievance' seems to be original to AV, and it is used in the sense of .■ilUiction, grief, as Shaks. 2'wo Gent, of Verona, IV.
111. '>i— » M.iilain, I pity inucii your grievances.'
Grieve. The verb to grieve, now almost entirely intraiis., is so in AV only once, Jer 5' 'thou h;ust stricken them, but they have not grieved' f'"'?"''''^, citlier from ^in to writhe in pain, or [with most edd.] from "J'? to be sick [wrongly accented]; RV ' they were not grieved'). The trans, vb. occurs often, and with the following meanings: —
1. To make sorry, Dt 15" ' Thine heart shall not be grieved when thou givest unto him ;' ('"!1, lit. ' be evil,' that is 'sad,' the opposite of the 'good' [3"::] or 'cheerful heart' of Jg \V^'^ etc. So 1 S 1«, Neh 2'' l:'/); 1 S 233 .and to grieve thine heart' (=":?':;, prob. a corrupt reading for ^'"!7'?\ from an to pine away— Driver); 15" 'And it grieved Samuel' (^^'-'f'' "'!';i, which must mean ' w:us wroth,' as RV. But LX.\ [i)fli;^7)3-f, 'was di'spoiidfiit '] must have read i?;i. Weir suggests "ijn., which is accejited liy Driver. Vulg. gives ' conturbatus est,' NVyc. ' was sory,' Dou. 'was strookcn sadde,' Gen. 'was moved ' : but Cov. ' Therefore was Samuel angrye,' which Rog. ch.anged to 'was evell apayd ' [ = was ill content], and he was followed by tlie Bishops) ; Job .SO-^ 'was not my soul grieved for the poor?' ("7m') ; Ps 73-' 'Thus my heart was grieved, and I was pricked in my reins' (i'?'!ip; ; R'Vm 'was in a ferment,' a change for which, saj's Cheyne [Expos. 3rd ser. vi. 44], we may be thankful, adding, ' Fancy a sutl'erer, of the school of the author of Job, saying that "his heart was grieved'"; he also refers to Segond's bold and happy rendering, ' Lorsque mon cQjur s'aigrissait, et que je me sentais perce dans les entraOles.' Oxf. Heb. Lex. tr. 'my heart was soured or embittered'); Is 54* 'as a woman for- saken and grieved in spirit ' (nil njisyi nyty ; Cheyne, ' as an outcast and downcast woman ' ; La 3^ ' For ha doth not aftlict willingly nor grieve the children of men ' (.ij:!) ; Dn 7" ' I Daniel was grieved in my spirit in the midst of my body ' (•-nnnjriN) ; 2 Es 10" ' see- ing we all mourn and are sail . . . art thou grieved for one son ? ' (' tu autera contristaris in uno iilio ') ; Mk 3' 'being grieved for the hardness of their hearts' {amXmoiiiLevo'i, the prep., says Gould, prob- ably denoting the sympathetic character of tlia grief ; He was grieved because they hurt them- selves).
2. 'To be heavy on, weary, harass : Gn 49*' ' The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him' (i,-i-ii=;) ; Dillm. ' became bitter against him ' [lit. 'treated hiiu bitterly']; Spurrell, 'harassed him'; Job 4' ' If we assay to commune with thee, wilt thou be grieved ? ' (nx^n, lit. ' wilt thou be wearied ? ') So Pr 26" ' The slothful man hideth his hand in his bosom ; it grieveth him to bring it again to his mouth '(A'Vm 'he is weary ') ; PsVS" ' How oftdid they . . . grieve him in the desert' ('.Ta'Vi;); 112"