With the Hebrews not the head but the heart was the seat of intellect. See Heart.
J. A. Selbie.
HEADBAND.— See Band and Dress.
HEADSTONE is erroneously printed in mod. edd. of AV as one word; in Kill it is 'head stone' (eus RV), and means simply the topmost stone of the building.
HEADTIRE See Dress and Tire.
HEADY.— 'This is the tr° in 2 Ti 3< AV of irpo- Ttnjt, which in Ac liP", its onlj' rem.iining occur- rence in NT, is tr'' ' rashl v ' ( liV' 'rash'). Heady is from Tindale ; and has ocen adopted by all the VSS thereafter, except Rliem. 'stuhburne,' and KV' which uses its mod. equivalent in this sense, 'headstrong.'* In enumerating 'the heap of in- conveniences that spring by in'.einperate and emierlluous eating and drinkin/, Tiiulalo says {Ex/iii.'iitiuns, p. ",I3, on Mt G'"'*), 'Our fashions of eating make us slothful, and unlusty to labour and study ; unstable, inconstant, and light-man- nered ; full of wits, after-witted (lus we call it), incircutnspeet, inconsiderate, heady, rash, and hasty to be"in unadviseilly, and witliout casting of perils.' Calvin (in (lohling's tr") uses the word of .lob's pa-ssions (on Job 32'"'), '.Seeing then that
* Ilewlsirong occun In AV, Sir 30^, ol a horee, u tr<> of
Job had so heady passions, no doubt but in so dooing hee made himselfe more rightuous than God.' Jligh-minil and Heady are tlie names of the guns which the inhabitants of Mansoul placed at Ear-gate to keep the Kind's forces out (Bunyan, Holi/ \Var, p. 50). Bp. Ilall uses tlie word as equivalent to hasty ( Worlcs, ii. lOU, on ' Zacheus '), 'There must be no moie hast than good speed in our performances ; we may olfend as well in our hedffye acceleration, as in our delay ; Moses ran so fast downe the hill that he stumbled spiritually, and brake the Tables of God.' J. Hastings.
HEALTH. — This word has become greatly nar- rowed in meanin" since Kill. Now restricted to the state of the body, it then expressed also the condition of the soul, the rel.ition to God of the whole iierson. Hence in 'Morning Prayer,' 'We have left undone those things which we ought to have done, and we have done those things which we ought not to have done, and there is no health in us,' which has retained its place since the Pr. Bk. of 1552. But in the Communion Ser- vice, ' health ' of 1004, ' And as the Son of God did vouchsafe to yield up his soul by death upon the cross for j'our health,' is found as 'salvation' in 1602. So we hnd in Wye., Ac 28=8 ■ Therfore be it knowen to you, for to hethen men this beltlie of God is sent' ; and in Tind. (as well as in Wye.), Lk 19" ' This day is healthe come unto this h(iu>sc.' Cf. also Erasmu.s, On the Creed, p. 40, 'The lir>-t degre [ = step] than unto lielthe is Credere dirum esse {id est) to believe that there is God.' This is the meaning of 'health' in Ps 42" 43' 'Who is the health of my countenance' (Wye. 'the helthe of my chere'). The Heb. is ri^a:, which is tr'' 'salvation' in Ps 62', Is 56' (Wj-c. as usual 'helthe,' Cov. ' .savynge health'), and elsewhere. In Ps 62- the word is used of the person, ' He only is my rock and my salvation' ( = ' saviour,' which is Cheyne's tr° in "Ps 42" 43'; R'V'm gives 'help,' which is Coverdale's word). Again in Ps 67^ ' That thy way may be known \\\ion earth, thy saving health among all nations ' ; ' saving health ' stands for the same Heb. word (Wye. 'helthe'; ' savynge health ' being from Coverdale, who uses the phrase in other places, as Is 51' 'But my rightuousness shal en<lure for ever, and my sa\'ynge health from generacion to generacion ').
But 'health' was often used in a still wider sense, denoting the prosperity or safety of a person or a place. As expressing ' safety ' it occurs in Ac 27** ' Wherefore I pray you to take some meat : for this is for j'our health ' (<ru-n}pla, RV 'safety'). Cf. Ac 27-* Wye. ' Sothely nether sunne nether sterris aj)peringe hi mo daycs, and tempest not litil schewinge nygh, now al the hope of oure heelthe was don awey.' See Medicine.
J. Hastings.
HEART, a'? or a?^, KapSia.— In the AV of the OT otlier Hebrew expressions for the inwiird jiarts of the bodj' are also remleied bv 'heart" : e.ij. 3-ip in Ps39^, W Ps 40». 'Heart' has thus the general sense of the miil.if, the innermost or hidden part of am/thinq, in such instances as the 'he.art of the sea,' fix 15* ; of heaven, Dt4" (RV and AVm) ; of a tree, 2 S IS""- ; of the earth, Mt 12*".
But its ruling use is (1) for the bodily orqnn, of the centrality of which as the seat of life the aiu-ients had on the whole a correct view. Since in Bible jihrase ' the life is in the blood' (Lv H"), that organ which forms the centre of its distribu- tion must have the most important place in the whole system. So by an easy transition 'heart' came (2) to signify the sent of man's collcclivt eneryits, the focus of the personal life.