* A clearer view of the topotrraphy of the district may, how- ever, be obtained from the OTdiiance Survey of Stnoi (1869), L 1S2 1, with the aco)nipan.\in^ map of the peninsula.
fountain, which is still used as a wateringplact for camels, ' is conducted by an aqueduct, cut in the solid granite, into a reservoir or pool, from which it is let out by a rude sluice to irrigate tlie gardens which the Arabs still cultivate here. The remains of several well-constructed walls point to a former and perhaps Christian occupation of the place.' A few miles to the N. of 'Ain ^luderah there circles round the Wady el-'Ain, containing a stream of clear, fresh water, which joins ultimately the Wiidy Ghuzaleh, to the N.E.
Keil objects that el-Quderah, beings only '18 houra' from Jebel MClsa, is too near for lI.-L7.eroth, as the Israelites wi^re 3 days (Nu W-^) in rcachini; Kihroth-lmtu'avah. the Hiation before Hazeroth (ll^^) ; and thinks that Ilazeroth must have been some place on the more direct route to Ka-lesh 03**), such as the station Bir eth-Themed,on the Tih-plateau (cf. Truntbull, Kadeih-baTMO., 78, 314 f.). It would no doubt be a misuike to re^rard the identification as certain ; still it ma^ be questioned whether, under the circumstances, Keil's objections areco^-oiit ; and although the more usual route from Sinai to Kadesh nmy be throut'h the Wady Zulaka, on to el-'Ain and Bir etli-TInjiiied (Robinson, i. 148, 198, with the map), yet a route past 'Ain el-Huderah, through the W&dy Ohuz^ileh, and up the W:idy Wctir (if). 15:i, with the map, — apitart-ntly the E. half of the Wady el-'Ain of the Onlnance Survey map), does not seem to be so greatly more circuitous as to be pronounced out of the question. Ditlm. thinks the evidence insutHcicnt to show where Hazeroth was.
Whether the Hazeroth of Dt 1' (LXX AiSXi;-) be the same place depends upon the answer given to the difficult question, what the topographical notes contained in that verse are intended to mark (see DlZAUAB). If this verse defines a locality in the Steppes of Moab, Hazeroth will be some place there, otherwise unknown ; if it describes— or in its original form described — places passed bj- the Israelites previously, it may be the Hazeroth of Nu 11'' etc. Sayce's location of Hazeroth (£ar/y HiH. of Hebrews, 214) as ' near Paran on the borders of Moab' has nothing to recommend it, being inconsistent with the situation presujiposed in either Nu or Dt. S. R. Driver.
HAZIEL (%•]^ '\'ision of El ').— A Gershonite Levite in time of Solomon, 1 Ch 23". See Gene- alogy.
HAZO (^I[l, 'AfoC). — The eponym of a Nahorita clan, Gn 22'-'. It is no doubt identical with IJazii, which along with BaziX (Buz of v.^') is mentioned in an inscription of Esarhaddon (see Delitzsch, Paradies, 306 f., also in Zeitsch. f. Keilschriftfursch. (1885) 93 fl".; Schrader, KAV 141, 221 [VOT^ i. 127, 212], and Keilinschriften «. Geschichtsfurseh. 399 ; Tiele, Geschichte, 337 ; Dillmann on Gn 22=1'-).
RAZOR {n'isri,iiT)). — 1, A Canaanite city of Galilee, the chief place of that region, ruled by a dynasty which seems to have had the dynastic name of Jabin, Jos 11' 12'», Jg i''- ". The great battle with the king of Hazor took place at the Waters of Merom, Jos 11°"' (see art. Jabin). Hazor was fortified by Solomon (I K 9'"), and captured by Tiglath-pilcscr (2 K 15^) in B.C. 734. Jonathan the Hasniona>an, after encamping ' at the water of Gennesareth, early in the morning gat him to the plain of Hazor,' 1 Mac 11". Josephus (A nt. v. y. 1) places Hazor near Kedesh, on the plateau looking down on the Ui'deh lake, which he regards as being the Waters of Merom. Tliis leads to the suppo.si- tion that Tell el- Hurrawiyeh, a large ruined site in the required position, is intended. The mountain to the west still bears the name Jebel ^adhtreh. This is the only known indication, and, as far aa the biblical notices are concerned, it would ba equally possible to place Hazor farther south, where, at the foot of the chain of Upper Galilee, is found an important ruined site called IJazzur, in a position more appropriate to the use of the
HAZOR-HADATTAH
HE
315
chariots wliiih lic-loii;,'od to the kiii^ of H;izor. This lattLT wouM aUo Miit well the Ilazor of
1 Mac 11'" anU Jos. Anl. Xlll. v. 7. Trom Ilazor two letters of the Tel el-Aiiiarna collection were written in the loth cent. B.C. to the king of Egypt. They are much damaged, but they speak of an attack on the place, and ask for aid. In one of them the king's name is given ; and though the lirst syllable is damajjed, it majr be read I-eba-enu, i.e. 'Jabin.' Hazor is also noticed, with places in Upper and Lower Galilee, by the Mohar (an Kgyp- tian traveller of the 14th cent. B.C.) on his way from the scacoast to the Lake of Tiberias. See SWP vol. i. sh. iv.
Literature.— Sirp vol 1. «h. 1». ; RobinBon, BRP^ iii 68, 81, :«;5, 4011. ; Uuhl, GAP 113, 182, 236; Gu6rin. GaliUt, iii. 36311.; Baedeker-Socin, Pal.^ 204; Schiirer, HJP L L 249 ; Dillnmnn on Jos II' ; Sayce, UCM 309, 336.
2. A town of Benjamin, Neh 11", now the ruin ^azzur close to Gibeon on the south. See SWP vol. iii. sh. xvii. ; Oxf. Ueb. Lex., Siegfried-Stade, and Buhl {GAP 177) suggest that it luay be identical with Baal-hazor of 2 S 13^ ; but see Baal-Hazor.