(2) Salome was the name of the daughter of Herod (Philip) and Herodias who danced before Ilerod Antipas as mentioned Mt 14'''and Mk 6"''-^ (but cf. reading of WH in v.-). She married (1) Herod Philip, tetrarch of Trachonitis, by whom she had no children, and (2) Aristobulus, son of Herod of Chalcis, by whom she had three children — Herod, Agrippa, and Aristobulus {Ant. XVIII. V. 4).
(3) Bernice or Berenice (Bep^Ki;) was the eldest daughter of Agrippa I. She was born about the year 28, being 16 years old at tlie time of her father's death in 44 {Ant. XIX. ix. 1). She was betrothed first to Marcus, son of Alexander the alabarch, but seems never to have been married to him {Ant. XIX. v. 1, but there is some doubt as to the reading) ; then about the year 41, being then 13 years old, she was married by her father to her uncle Herod, for whom he obtained from Claudius the kingdom of Chalcis. By him she had two sons, Bernicianus and Hyr- canus {BJ II. xi. 6). Herod of Chalcis died in 48. Bernice then lived at her brother's house, and the worst rumours were afloat concerning their relationship — rumours which reached as far as Rome (cf. Juv. Sat. vi. 156-160: '. . . ailanias notissimus et Berenices in digito factus pretiosior ; hunc dedit olim Barbarus incestae, dedit liunc Agrippa sorori, observant ubi festa niero pede sabbata reges, et vetus indulget senibus dementia porcis. . . .'). In order to allay these suspicions she induced Polemon, king of Cilicia, who was
IIKROD
HEROD
361
attracted by her wealth, to be circiimciseil ami to ijiarry her. lint she soon left him, oi' dvoXao-iai' Joseplius tells us, and returned to her brother [A lit. XX. vii. 3). About the year 5S we hnd lier with .Agrippa visiting I'e-stus to greet him on his ap|ioiritment, and so, like her j'ounger and eijually notorious sister, Urusilla, listening to St. Paul. It may be noticed that great emphasis is laid on her presence. She was one who could always attract attention to herself (Ac 2o'^-^ 2ti*'). The next that we hear of her is in the spring of 6G. She was in Jerusalem performing a Nazirite vow. HorriUed by the ma.ssacre which Florus liad ordered, she attempted to stop it, first sending her attendants to I'lorus, ultimately appearing herself (so it was said) barefooted before him. The only result seems to have been that the soldiers mur- dered their victims before her face and attempted to kill her. Uut, after her palace was burnt by the .Jewish populace, she became an ardent sup- porter of the Konum cause and the Flai ian dyna.sty [BJ n. XV. 1, xvii. 6 1. Already in 68 there seem to have been intimate relations between her and Titus (Tac. Hist. ii. 2) ; in 75 she came to Home wiui her brother, and the intimacy was renewed. She lived in the I'alatine with him, behaved as his wife {irdvTa tjSt; wj Kal yvvrj ain-oO ovaa ^Trofei, iJio Cass. Ixvi. 15), and was said to have been promised marriage {insigyiem regime Bcrnices amorem cui etinm tiiiptins polUritits fercbatur. Suet. Tit. 7). I)ut the unpopularity of the connexion persuaded Titus that he must give her up, and when she returned to Kome after the deatli of Vespasian he took no notice of her ('Berenicen statim ab urbe diniisit invilus invitani,' Suet, loc, cit. ; Dio Cass. Ixvi. 18 ; and Au.\'ict. Ejjit. 10) ; but even her fidelity to her royal lo\er was not free from sus- picion, and a reputed paramour was murdered by tbo orders of Titus. Atter this period she vanishes from history. The only other memorial of her is an inscription found at Athens {CIG 361 ; C. /. Att. III. i. 556) —
'H /jouXi) j) f{ 'Apelov Tiyov Kal ii j3odX>) tuk x ""' <> d^/xos TouXtaf BcpiveiKTjv ^aaiXiaaaf /te-^dXT/r, 'lovXiov 'Aypiirira jia(rMuis Ouyar^pa Kal neydXwv /SanX^uv tvep- yeTutf rijs TriXcws ^Kyovov, . . .
A simple narrative of Tiernice's life is really more elo(iuent than any comment. She was the last member of the family who played any pro- minent part in history.
(4) DltusiLLA (ApowiXXo) was the youngest of the three daughters of Agrippa I. She was born about the year 38, being 6 years old at the time of her "father's death, in 44 {Ant. XI.X. ix. 1) ; but she had already been betrothed by her father to Epiphanes, son of Antiochus, king of Comma- gene. He, however, refused to fullil his i)romise to be circumcised, and the marriage never took ])lace. Her brother at the completion of the 12th year of Claudius (53) received from the emperor the northern part of Palestine, and then jjave Dru>illa, now about 14 years old, in marriage to Axiziis, king of Kmesa, who was willing to be circumcised. The marriage was neither hapiiy nor of long continuance. Felix, procurator of Palestine, a freedman who had the distinction of being the husband of three queens (Suet. Clnuilius, 28), was Bo overcome by her hiauty that he at- tempted to gain her for his wife, lie sent, to ell'ect this purpose, a man of the name of Simon, a Cyprian Vy birth, who had the reputation of being a 'magician.' She, unhapjiy in her mar- riag'e and wishing to cscatio her sLster IJerniee's jealousy, deserted her hu8l)and and transgressed the Jewish law so far a.s to consent to nnirry a Gentile. This marriage cannot have taken place earlier than 53 or later than 54, for in the lirst year of Ner) (54-55) Azizua died, and we are par-