Bulwark is the representative in the Autb. Vers, of several Heb. words : b^rt, chcgl (lit. strength, or an army, as in 2 Kings xviii. 17), an intrenchment, espe- cially the breastwork which protects the trench (Isa. xxvi, 1; elsewhere "trench," "rampart," "wall," etc."); also rOT,, ch ylah' ', the same (Psa. xlviii, 14); m"£*2, matsor' (once TlStf, matsod', prob. by an error of transcription, Eccles. ix. 14), lit. straitness, hence a mound erected by the besiegers 1 Deut. xx, 20; else- where "siege," etc.); rii3, pinnah', a pinnacle or turn 1 1 2 Chron. xxvi, 15 ; elsev here " corner"). The "bulwarks" spoken of in Scripture appear to have been mural towers, which answered the purposes of the modern bastion. Bulwarks were erected al cer- tain distances alone; the walls, usually at the corners, and upon them were placed the military engines. The wall between the bulwarks, instead of running in a straight line, curved inward, thus giving the greatest possible extent in flanking the enemy from the projec- tions. They are said t<> have been introduced by King TJzziah (2 Chron. xxvi, 15; Zeph. i, 16; Psa. xlviii, 13; Isa. xxvi, 1). See FORTIFICATION.
Bu'nah (Heb. Bunafi', rWS, discretion; Sept. B««!'<f v. r. Bavaa), the second son of Jerahmeel, th grandson ..f 1'harez the son of Judah (1 Chron. ii, 26). B.C. ante 1658.
Bunch, i~n;s, aguddah',t\ bundle of hyssop (Exod.
xii, 22; elsewhere "burden" or yoke, Isa. lviii, 6'j "troop" df men, 2 Sam. ii, 25); p'IBIS, tsimmuk' , a bunch of dried raisins (2 Sam. wi, 1 ; 1 Chron. xii, m j els - where "cluster of raisins"); HOS^i dabbe'sheth, the hump of a camel (Isa. xx\, 6), so called from the sqfU nets of the flesh, being a mere lump of fat (see Burck- hardt, Notes on tin Bedouins, ii, 82 sq.).
Bundle ("HX, tseror' ; dsofitj), signifies any thing bound together and tied up for future disposal (Cant. i, 13; Matt, xiii, 30 ; .lob xiv, 17). [t is also used of a sum of money in a purn (Gen. xiii. 35; Prov. vii, 20). See Bag. The speech of Abigail to David il Sam. xxv, 29) may be thus rendered: "The life of my master is bound up in the bundle of the living by Jehovah," or written in the look of the living. In Acts xxviii, 3, the original word is jrX^Sof, an ann- ful, literally a "multitude," as elsewhere rendered.
Bunn, Sf.i.i.y, one of the most notable of the pioneer Methodist preachers in America, was born in Poughkeepsie, X. Y., in 17r>5. I lis parents removed
to Berkely Co., Ya., where he was converted and be- came a Methodist in 1789. lie entered the ministry in 1792, and for 20 years labored incessantly, enduring the great fatigues and perils of frontier work with equanimity and patience; risking his lite by exposure to the savages and by night-sleeping in the forests. In 1X14 he became superannuated. His death was oc- casioned by a fall from his gig in the year 1833. — Min- utes of Conferences, ii, 279.
Bunney, Edmund, a divine of the Church of Eng- land, was born in 1510, educated at Oxford, became probationer fellow of Magdalen College, and later chaplain to Archbishop Grindall. He died in 1(117. Among his works are. The uhole Sum ttftht Christian ];> ligkm I Loud. 1576, 8vo) : — An Abriagmt nt of Calvin's Institutions (Lend. 1580, 8vp), ami several controver- sial pamphlets against the Jesuit Parsons.
Bun'ni, the name of two Levites.
1. (Heb. ""2. Biami', either considerate, or the same name as Binnui ; Sept. Bovvd.) The great-great- grandfather of One Shemaiah, w Inch latter was appoint- ed an overseer of the Temple after the captivity (Neh. xi, 15). B.C. long ante 536.
2. (Heb. "'Z, Bunni', built, Sept. translates v'lOQ, v'tot.) One of those who pronounced the public prayer
and thanksgiving, and sealed the covenant on the re- turn from Babylon (Neh. ix. 4; x, 15). B.C. 410.
3. Bunni is said to have been the Jewish name of Nicodemus (Lightfoot on John iii, 1 ; Ewald, hr.
(,'t-sr/i. v, 233). See NlCODEMI -.
Bunsen, Christian Charles Josiab, was bom at Korbach, in the German principality of Waldeck,
Aug. 25, 1791. and studied at Marburg and (iottingon. In the latter university he came especially under the influence of the great philologist Heyne, whose in- structions and example gave a bent to the youthful studies of Bunsen, and affected his career through life. At twenty he had so distinguished himself thai lie ob- tained a professorship in the gymnasium of GCttingen.
In 1813 he published a dissei tation. /'. .Inr, Mlnii'tiii- sinm htereditario, which made his name known widely among the savans of Germany. Soon after he under- took a journey to Holland and Denmark, in which lat- ter country lie made the acquaintance of a disciple, if not a descendant, of MagnUBSen, who taught him the
Icelandic tongue. After a while Bunsen made his way to Berlin, and there commenced his first acquaint- ance with Xiobuhr, who was afterward to I e Iii- I I t patron and friend. Niebubr suggested to the young man to visit Paris where he studied, under the cele- brated Orientalist He Sacy. Arabic, Persian, and San- scrit. Iii 1*17 he went to Rome, where Niebuhr was I'rus>ian ambassador. Niebuhr in 1818 appointed him his private secretary, and speedily procured him the