. (Josh. XV, 42; xix, 7).
Chora^zln (Jiio^Z,iv v. r. Xopal^tiv, Xopo^atv, and
< Xutpa^iv), one of the cities (irSXu^) in which our Lord's
mighty works were done, but named only in his de-
. nunciation (Matt, xi, 21; Luke x, 18; see Scherzer,
I Salvatoris oraculum, Vcb tibi ChorazMj Lips. 1710), in
I connection with Bethsalda and Capernaum, not &r
from which, in Galilee, it appears to have been situa-
I ted. It was known to Jerome, who describes it (Comm,
in 3fatth, xi) as on the shore of the lake, 2 miles fh>m
Capernaum, or 12 miles, according to Eusebius (Ono-
mast. s. V. Xiopa^dv, Cborozain). Some compare the
Talmudical Kerazm [q. v.] (T^tlS, Menachoth, fol. 86,
1), mentioned as being £Eunous for wheat (Reland, Po'
\hB8t, p. 722; Schwarz, Palest, p. 189); whDe others
1 compare ^'Haroshbth (q. v.) of the Gentiles" (HlS'in
CHOREPISCOPI
258
CHOZEBA
or&n, Jndg.iv, 2); and ttill otfaen cooilder the name as having been in the yeraacolar Ckaratkm Ci*^V^^)} I e. woody placet (Lightfoot, p. 160 sq.). Oiigen and some MSS. write the name Chora^Zin (XtStpa Zcv, H. Brnesti, ObtervcBU. Amst 1686, ii, 6), t e. dittrid of Zm; bat this is pfobablj mere ooqjectore. St.Willi- bald (aboat A.D. 750) vfeited the Tarioos places along the lake in the following order— Tiberias, Magdalom, Capemaom, Bethsaida, Ghorazin {Earfy Trm, Bohn, p. 17), being doubtless gtdded by local tradition, for the knowledge of the site has become utterly extinct (Robinson, Retearcku, iii, 296). Some writers at one time sappoeed it to be the same with KeUu d-Horta^ a place on the eastern shore of the Sea of Oennesareth, where Seetzen {Reitm, i, 844) and Borckhardt (Trao. p. 266) describe some rains ; bat this is written K. eU Hotsu on later maps. A more recent writer (in the iHaU, LU,'ZeiL 1845, No. 288) regards it as a place in Wady eUfamut; bat this also lacks aothori^. Po- oocke (Ecutj ii, 72) speaks of a village called Oerasi among the hills west of Tell-Houm, 10 or 12 mfles north-north-east of Tiberias, and close to Capemaom. The natives, according to Dr. Richardson, call it Cho- rati. It is apparently this place which Keith and Yan de Yelde {Memoir^ p. 804) call Kerazekj and describe as containing several pedestals of columns, with lev- elled shafts, and the remains of a buUding formed of large hewn stones ; ilhile Dr. Robinson (Later BibUeal Ees, p. 860) rejects the identification with disparage- ment of the antiquities (p. 847), although he did not visit the site (Biblioth, Sacra, 1863, p. 187), which Dr. Thomson, nevertheless, confidently adopts (Land and Bock, ii, 8), apparently with good reason. M. De Saul- cy is disposed to identity Ghorazin with the fountain Ain et-lin, near the northern extremity of the plain of Gennesareth ; but his arguments, except the vicinity of the spots to the lake, are frivolous {Narraiine, ii, 871). The question is intimately connected with that of the position of Gapemaum (q. v.). Dissertations on the corse pronounced by Ghrbt against this and the neighboring places (Matt, xi, 21) have been written in Latin by Scherzer (Lips. 1666), Hombeck {MisceU, Soar. Ultraj. 1687, 1, iii, 801 sq.), Schott (Tab. 1766).
ChorepiB05pi (x<«»/Mwiffcoxoi, ootmty biikope), an order of ministers of ancient origin. Some (e. g. Rha- banus Maurus) derive the name from the fact that the bishop was chosen ex ckoro $aoerdohtmi others from eor epitcopi (heart of the bishop), as their function was to assist the city bishop in rural districts, or villages remote from his residence. The most simple and like- ly derivation is ftt>m x^P^i country. Some writers hold that tiiey were only presbyters, but it appears certain (see the full discussion in Bingham) that they dischargisd episcopal functions. They acted, however, in a subordinate capacity, and possessed limited pow- ers, being subject to a city-bishop, and acting as his colleagues or vicars. They held a different rank, but possessed a similar office; they were authorized to give letters of peace and testimonials ; to superintend the affairs of the Ghurch in their district; to appoint ecclesiastical officers, readers, subdeacons, and exor- cists ; and to ordain presbyters and deacons, but not without the permission and co-operation of the supe- rior or city-bishop. They possessed the privilege of attending councils in their own right, and not merely as substitutes or representatives of the bishop. The canons of the Gouncil of Niciea, A.D. 825, were sub- scribed by nine chorepitcopi, attached to dioceses of which the bishops also were present. These ofiicers were at first confined to the Eastern Ghurch ; in the Western they began to be known about the fifth cen- tury. They were nevfr numerous in Spain and Italy, but abounded In Africa and Germany. In the West- em Ghurch, Pope Nicholas I (A.D. 864) ordained that they should abstain fnm all episcopal functions (Man- «i, Cone, XV, 889) ; and Leo VII issued a similar re-
script aboot A.D. d87 (llanai, zviU, 878); bv^ i ing to some writen, they continued in France till tke twelfth, and in Ireland tHl the thirteenth. They wc» succeeded by archdeacons, rural deans, and vicsrs- generaL In the East the order was abolished, for the same reason, by the Gouncil of Laodicea, about AJ). 866, which decreed (canon 57) that itinerant prcebyten, wcpio^evraj, shoald visit the country Tillages for the future, in lieu of resident chorepiscopi ; but the oito continued until the tenth century. The necessity of su flfragan blshope greatly increased after the Cfissatina of the cAor9>iic»pi.— Bingham, Orig. Ecdes, bk. ii, ch. xiv, § 12 ; Mosheim, Historical Comatentariet, i, 175 (and references there); Siegel, AUertkOm&r, i, 887 sq.