quite distinct fhm the Hellenic fanmcfa (Knobel, FSE- kertafd, p. 95 sq.). Hengstenberg has lately oideav. ored {HisL of Balaam, p. 500) to prove that in every passage in the Old Testament where the word oocns it means Cyprus, or the Cyprians.
The most probable view, however, is that expressed by Kitto : ** Chittim seems to be a name of lai^ a^- niflcation (such as our Levant), applied to the islands and coasts of the Mediterranean in a looee sense, wkli- out fixing the particular part, though particalar and diflforent parts of the whole are probably in most eases to be understood" (JHct, Bible, note on Ezek. xxvii, 6).
(For Anther discussion, see Michaelis, Spieilegimam i, 1-7, 108-114; also &ippUm, p. 1188, 1877-1380; Ge. senius, Tkesaur, p. 726 ; Newton, On the PropkedeSy v; Rosenmftller, BtU, Geogr, iii, 878.) See Ethkoloot.
Chrnn (Heb. Kiifun\ *j>l«9), a word that ocean only once in the Scriptures, and that in an obscure and variously-interpreted passage (Amos v, 26), " Bat ye have borne the tabernacle of your Moloch and Chi- Kfi, your images, the star of your god, which ye made to yourselves." The Sept translates it as a proper name, Rhephan (Pat^dv or 'Piy^dv, which became still further corrupted into 'Pcu^i/), and it is quoted in that form by Stephen (Acts vii, 43). See Rcmphah. The Syriac translates it by Saitm, whom the Sbemitic na> tions are known to have worshipped. But it appar- ently \anot tk proper name at all, being derived fhxD the root I^S, hm, to stand upright, and therefore sig- nifies simply a statme or idol, as the Vulgate rendeis it (in connectioQ with the following word), " tmagimem idolorum vestmm." The same is probably true of the word rendered ^* Moloch^* in the same passage, so that the whole may be translated (with GeseniusX *' Te ban the tabernacle of your hsng, and the statue of ywa idols, the star of your god which ye made to yoor- selves ;" referring not to any specific deity by name, but to the secrot idolatrous practices which the Jews kept up along with the worship connected widi tbs divine ark in the wilderness, and which reappeared in dififerent forms from time to time in their later histofy. See Calt. Yet, as a '* star*' is mentioned, it has nat- urally been inforred that the Worship of some j^Jdast it alluded to, and this Jerome supposed to be Lndfor or Venus. Layard thinks the name identical with that of the Egyptian goddess Ken, figured on the Egyptian and Assyrian monuments in the character of Artarte or Venus (Nineveh, ii, 169) ; but he admits that her worship was borrowed from Assyria into Egypt at a period later than the Exodus (p. 170). On the iHiole, the above supposition that the planet Satom is intend- ed is the most plausible, although this interpretatioa cannot be successfhlly defended merely ttom the name, either in the form Chium or Rempluui. (See Malas, hi his SelecL ExercitL i, 768 sq. ; Jahr, De Ckkm [Vi- teb. 1705] ; Harenberg, De idoUs Chimn et Remfkam
EBrunsw. 1728] ; Meyer, De sacello et basi idolor, etc. ad loc.], [Helmst 1726] ; Walt, De Chiun H Rm- pkan [Lips. 1741] ; Braun, Belecta Sacra, p. 477 sq.) See Saturn.
Ohio's (XX6iy, verdure, a classical name), a female Christian mentioned in 1 Cor. i, 11, some of wliose household (hirb tSiv XX<$i/c> where then is doubtless an ellipsis of oiiuuov, comp. Rom. xvi, 10, 11) had inform- ed the apostle Paul of the fact that there were £ri- sions in the Corinthian Church. A.D. 54. She is sup- posed by Theopbylact and others to have been an in- habitant of Corinth ; by Esthis, som^ Christian wom- an known to the Corinthians elsewhere ; by Michadii and Meyer, an Ephesian, having friends at Corinth. See ConnfTHiAifs, Epistles to.
Cho&ch. See Thobn.
ChoH^a (Xnffid ; Vulg. omits), a place i in Judith iv, 4^ apparently situat^l in the cential part of Palestine. It is probably the same pboe as
CHOBAI
267
CHORAZIN
Cbob'ai' (X«i»/3aO, whkh occars hi Judith xr, 4, 5 Qn the hitter rene Xta/Sa). The name suggests the HoBAH (q. y.) of Gen. xir, 15 (F^Sin, which agrees widi the readfaig of the Syriac), especially in connec- tion with the mention of Damascus in verse 5, if the distance from the probable site of Bethulia (q. v.) were not too great. Van de Velde suggests (Metftoiry p. aD4) that it is probably the modem Kubaiiyek, a vU- lage 1^ hour S. of Jenin, on the highway to Sebusti- yeh or Samaria {Narrative, i, 868; comp. Stewart, TfiU and Khan, p. 421 ; Robinson, Laier Reseftrekeiy p. 120,121).
ChoBnix (xoivt^9 rendered " measure" in our ver- sion, Rev. vi, 6), a Greek measure of capacity, equal in diy commodities to one eighth the modfns (see Bushel), but varying, according to different ancient authors, from one and a half to two pints English. See Metroloot.
Choir (Gr. x^P<>c)- "Hie Greeks applied the term chorus to a ctrcukur dance performed during sacrifices by a company of singers around the altar of a deity. Later it was applied to this body of singing dancers. Actors afterwards were introduced, who related some myth or legend of the deity between the songs of the chorus, thus laying the foundation of the Greek drama. In the perfected drama, the chorus (composed of fifty persons in the tragedy and of twenty-fbur in the com- edy) occupied a position intermediate between the act- ors and the audience, giving in a recitative manner, rather than in a song, counsel, warning, encourage- ment, or consolation to the actors.