Chti'si (Xovtnl y, r. Xo^cYulg. omits), a {dace named ooly in Judith vii, 18, as near Ekrebel, and upon the brook Mochmur. If the history be at all genuine, this was doubtless in Central Palestine, but all the names appear to be very corrupt, and are not recognisable. See Judith.
Chti'za [pron. Cumo] (rather CkuMos^ XovZ&e, for Chald. Kt^n, I e. KtiinM, pomssion), the ''steward" (iwtrpoiroc) of Herod (Antipas), whose wile Joanna (q. v.), haying been cured by our Lord either of pos- session by an evil spbrit or of a disease, became at- tached to that body of women who accompanied him (A.D. 27) on his joumeyings (Luke viii, 8); and, to- gether with Maiy Blagdalen and " Mary the mother of James,'' having come early to the sepulchre on the morning of the resurrection (A.D. 29), to bring spices and ointments to complete the burial, brought word to the apostles that the Lord was risen (Luke xxiv, 10). These circumstances would seem to imply that she was at this time a widow.
ChytraBtis, David (properly Kochhafe)^ one of the most eminent of the Lutheran theologians of the sec- ond half of the sixteenth century, was hcfm at Ingel- fingen, Feb. 26, 1630. Having studied the ancient languages at TQbingen, he went to Wittenberg about 1546, and became a pupil of Melancthon in theology. In 1548 he began to lecture at Wittenberg on physics, and also on theology. After an extended journey in Germany, Switzerland, and Italy, he was called in 1661 to Rostock ; and his character for scholarship and wisdom gained him great influence in Mecklenburg, and also in wider spheres. He Has employed by Mftximilian II to arrange ecclesiasAal affairs in Aus- tria. He was principal author of the statutes of the University of Helmstftdt, and was one of the authors of the Formula of Coneord (q. v.). He died June 26, 1600. Among his writings are, Hittoria Confesstonit AugtutantB (Frankfort, 1578, 8vo); De Morte et Vita jEtema (Rostock, 1690, 8vo). His works were col- lected and printed in 2 vols, folio (Leipzig, 1599 ; Han- over, 1604). A biography of Chytneus, with a selec- tion from his works, was published by Pressel in the 8th vol. of the work, Lebm u. ausgewdhUe SchriJUn der Vater der bOh, Kirche (Elberfeld, 1868). See Schutz- ius, De Vka D, Chytrm (Hamburg, 1720-28, prefixed to the writings of Chytrous, 8 vols. 8vo) ; Melchior Adam, Vita Thedogonm (Francfort, 1706), p. 828; Herzog, JKeal-EncffUqpddie, ii, 701.
Ciborium (cf/3iuptov, a cup), a lafge chalice (a species of pyx, q. v.) or cup, often of gold or silver, with a cover, surmounted commonly by a cross. It is used to contain the host, or consecrated wafer, in the mass. The name ciborium was also g^ven to a canopy on the altar, supported by four columns, to which the cup, in the shape of a dove, was attached by chains, containing the wafer for the communion of the sick. — Wetzer u. Welte, Kirchen-Lexikonj ii, 646.
Ciooar 0^3i iHekar', circuit, esp. of the Jordan).
°" ToPOOBAPmCAL TbBMS; TALS2IT.
deling. See Gbxldio.
Cili^da (Kikucia ; on the deriv., see below), a maiS- time province in the south-eastern part of A^a IGoor, bounded on the west by Pamphylia ; separated on tbr north frt>m Cappadocia by the Taurus range, and oo the east by Amanus from Syria ; and having the Gulf of Issus (Iskenderoon) and the Cilidan Sea C^cti xxvii, 6) on the south. These lofty moimtain bar- riers can be surmounted only by a few difficult paasea. the former by the Ports Amanides, at the head of the valley of the Pinarus, the latter by the Portae Cilic»; near the sources of the Cydnus ; towards the aoetfa, however, an outlet was afforded between the Sinus Issicus and the spurs of Amanus for a road, vrhi^ af> terwards crossed the Ports Syriao in the directkm of Antioch (hence the close connection which existed be- tween Syria and Cilida, as indicated in Acta xv, 23. 41 ; Gal. i, 21). The sea-coast is rock-bound in the w^ low and shelving in the east ; the chief rivers— Sams, Cydnus, and Calycadnus — ^were inacceasiUe to vessels of any sice frxmi sand-bars formed at tbeir mouths. By the ancients the eastern part was called Cmda Propria (17 Idiwg KcXuria, Ptolemy), or the ievei Cilicia (r) wc^iap, Strabo); and the western, the rottgk (1) rpaxaa, Strabo, xiv, 6), or mouiUainouM (if ^n^ Herod, ii, 84). Tlie fbrmer was well-watered, mnd abounded in various kinds of grains and frnita (Xe&- oph. AnaJb, i, 2, § 22 ; Ammianus Marcell. xiv, 8, § 1). The chief towns in this division were /asat (Xenopb. Andb. i, 4), at the south-eastern extremity, celebrated for the victory of Alexander over Darius Codomanns (B.C. 883), and not fiur ttom the passes of Amanos (rutv *AfiaviSufv Xiyofikvutv IIwXwv, Polyb, xii, S); SolcB, originally a colony of Argives and Rhod^ans, the birthplace of Menander, the comic poet (B.C 262), the Stoic philosopher Chrysippus (B.C. 206^ and of Aratus (q. v.), author of the astroncnnical poem ra ^aivdfuva (B.C. 270); and Tamu, the biithplaoe of the apostle Paul (q. v.). Cilicia Trachea famished an inexhaustible supply of cedars and iirs for ship- building ; it was also noted for a species of goat (Mar- tial, xiv, 188), of whose skins cloaks and tents were manufactured. Its breed of horses was so superior, that 860 (one for each day of the year) formed part of the annual tribute to the king of Persia (Herod, ili, 90). The neighborhood of Corycus produced large quantities of safflron (Plin. Nai. Hitt, xxi, 17). Joee- phusi dentified Cilicia with the Tartkuh of Gen. x, 4 (AfU. i, 6, 1). Herodotus says that the first inhab- itants of the countiy were called Hypackai CVwa- Xf'L^oC) ; and derives the name of Cilicia fwat dSx, son of Agenor, a Phoenician settler (vii, 91). Tliis is confirmed by Phoenician inscriptions, on wliich the name is written Chalak ("{^n, Gesenius, Momum, Pkam^ p. 279). Herodotus also stetes that the Cilictans and Lycians were the only nations within the Halys who were not conquered by Croesus (i, 28). Though parw tially sul^)ected to the Assyrians, Modes, Persiana, Syrians, and Bomans, the Eleuthero- (or free) Cili- dans, as the inhabitants of the mountainous districts were called, were governed by their own kings (** Beg- uli,'* Tadt. ii, 78), till the time of Vespasian. The sm- coast was for a long time occupied by pirates, who car- ried on the appropriate vocation of slave-merchants, and found ample encouragement for that nefiuions traffic among the opulent Romans (Mannert, Gfcyr. vi, 1 ; Strabo, xiv, 6) ; but at last their depredatioiw became so formidable that Pompey was invested with extraordinary powers for their suppression, which he accomplished in forty days. He settled the surviving fireebooters at Solas, whidi he rebuilt and named Pom- peiopolis. Cicero was proconsul of Cilicia (B.C. 6SX and gained some successes over the mountaineers of Amanus, for which he was rewarded with a triumph (Epist. ad Fam, xv, 8). As the more level portiflo was remarkable for its beauty and fertility, as well as