Church, John Hubbard, D.D., a Congregation- al minister, was bom at Butland, Mass., March 17, 1772. He graduated at Harvard 1797, and was in- stalled pastor in Pelham, N. H., Oct 31, 1798. He died in June, 1840. Dr. Church was trustee of Dart- month College, President of N. H. Bible Society, and filled several other honorable stations. He published a number of occasional sermons. — Sprague, Annai$f ii, 445.
Church, Thomas, D.D., a divine of the Church of England, was bora 1707, and educated at Braze- nose (Allege, Oxford. In 1740 be was made vicar ot Battersea, and afterwards prebend of St. Paul's. He died in 1756. Among his publications are, EMtap on ike Demomacs ofN. T. (Lond. 1787, 8vo) ; Doctrine of ike Church ofEngkmd on HeffenercUion (Lond. 1739, 8vo) ; VmdicaHon of the miraadoiu Powen of (Ae Church m Ihefint three Omturies (answer to Middleton
[Lond. 1750, 8vo]). He wrote also several tracts against Wesley and the Methodists, notices of which may be fbund in Wesley's Joumalt (^WorhSj v, 265 , vi, 146).
Churching OF WOMEN, a form otpuhUc thanke- giving for women after child-birth^ used in the Greek and Boman churches, in the Church of England, and in the Protestant Episcopal Church. *<It is in all probability of Jewish origin, and derived from the rite of purification enjoined in the twelfth chapter of Levit- icus. The rubric [of the English Church] commands that the ofiice be used only in the church. Church- ing in private houses is inconsistent wiUi the very name of the office, and with the devotions prescribed by the office." The Boman Catholic Church allows, in exceptional cases, churching in private houses, and the churching of mothers of illegitimate children. — Eden, Churchman'i Dictionary, s. v. ; Procter On Com- mon Prayer , p. 427 ; BrowneU, Comm. on Prayer-book, p. 490 ; Wetzer u. Welte, Kirchen-Lexikon^ i^ 552 (s. v. Auttegnimg),
Churl C^'^S, kilay^y Isa. xxxii, 6; or "^i?, fefo/, ver. 7), a deceiver (as it should have been rendered) ; while CHUBLISH is the proper rendering (of no^, kashey, rough, as often elsewhere rendered) for a coarse, ill-natured fellow (1 Sam. xxv, 8 ; compare 2 Mace xiv, 20; Ecdus. xviii, 18; xlii, 14), like Nabal (q.v.).
Churning (y^T^y mite, tqueetmg) signifies the act of pressing (Prov. xzz, 88), being the same word ren- dered '* wringing" and ** forcing" in the same verse, and agrees with the Eastern mode of making butter (sQe Thomson, Land and Book, i, 893). See BumuL
Churton, Balph, a minister of the Church of England, was bom near Bickley, Cheshire, Dec. 8, 1754. He was educated at Malpas Grammar-school, and at Brazenose College, Oxford, where he was en- tered in 1772, and became fellow in 1778. In 1785 he delivered the Bampton lecture On the Prophecies re- specting the Destruction (ff Jerusalem (Oxf. 1785, 8vo). In 1792 he became rector of Middleton Cheney ; in 1805 he was made archdeacon of St. David's. For forty years he labored diligently and fiuthfblly as a parish priest, and was engaged also in frequent and useful literary labors. He died March 28, 1881. Besides the Bampton lecture, he published Memoir of Archdeacon Townson (1773, 1828, 1830) ; Lives of Bishop Smith and Sir Bichard Suim (1800, 8vo); lAfe of Dean NoweU (1809, 8vo) ; ana numerous detadied sermons and pamphlets. — Annual Biography and Obituary (Lond. 1882), xvi, 273.
Chu^'Bhan-riahathalim (Heb. Kushan' Bisha- athafyim, D^H^lz;^ "j^^S, Sept. Xovaavpiaa^ai/A, Yulg. Chttsan-Basathaim), the king of Mesopotamia who oppressed Israel during eight years (B.C. 1575- 1567) in the generation immediately following Joshua (Judg. iii, 8). The name, if Hebrew, would signify Cush (comp. Cdbhan, Hab. iii, 7) of the two visked- nesaes ; but FQrst (Hd). Handwdrterb. s. v.) compares the Arabic signification, chief qf two governments (see Abulf. Ann, ii, p. 100), with reference to the twofold form of Aram-Naharaim (q. v.). Josephus (Ant, v, 3, 2) calls him ^*Chusarthus (Xovoap^oo), king of the Assyrians." The seat of bis dominion was probably the region between the Euphrates and the modem Khabour, to which the name of Mesopotamia always attached in a special way. In the early, cuneiform inscriptions this country appears to be quite distinct fh>m Assyria ; it is inhabited by a people called No- irt, who are divided into a vast number of petty tribes, and ofi'er but little resistance to the Assyrian armies. No centralized monarchy is found, but as none of the Assyrian historical inscriptions date earlier than about B.C. 1100, which is some centuries later than the time of Chushan, it is, of course, quite possible
CHUSI
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tbat a Teiy diflbrent eondition of tbiagt tdmj h§fft ex- isted in hiB daj. In the week end divided stete of Western Asia et this time, it wee easy for a braye and skilfiil chief to boild np rapidly a vast power, which was apt to cnunble awaj almost as quickly. Bonsen, however, calls him merely ''a Mesopotamian satrap," assuming that he must have been posterior to the Assyrian supremacy CEgt/pt, iilt 272). Chushan-Rish- athaim's yoke was broken from the neck of the people of Israel at the end of eight years by Othniel, Caleb's nephew (Judg. ill, 10), and nothing more is heard of Mesopotamia as an aggresdve power. The rise of the Ass3rrian empire,- about B.C. 1270, would naturally re- duce the bordering nations to insignificance (see Baw- linson, Hisior, Evidencei, p. 800).— Smith, a. V. See Mesopotamia.