Lamy (Harm. Ev, p. 678 sq.); on the cnidfisioa erallv, by Buddieus (Jen. 1707), Dilher (Sorimb. Gerhard (Rost 1662),Vogler (Helmst. 1693), V( (Traj. ad Rh. 1700), Lvdius (bortrac 1672, Zi 1701), id. (Tr. ad R, 1701), Medhurst (Bibl. Brm.\,i III, Ui), Margalitha (Frcft. ad V. 1706), Mi (Duisb. 1722), two anonymous fascicuU (Dra^^ 1780), Westhovius (L. B. 1733), Sturm (H«L 17^ Hessler (Sondersh. 1770), Fremeiy (17«), ZoWfi Germ. Mag. fur bibl. IniHrpret. 1, 2), Essner (ja Ge& NQmb. 1818), Jontrh (Tr. ad Rh. 1827), Hug Cm G« Freih. Zeitschr, 1831), Scharf (Leucop, 1W6), It^ mann (Cygn. 1679), Haberkom (Gress. 1656), k. tholt (Kilon. 1687), Pritius (Lips. 1697), Habi^ (Rost. 1681), Mieg (Heidelb. 1681), Niepeneck (&& 1700), Haferung (Viteb. 1789), Bloebius (Lips, 11^ Scharf (Leucopetr. 1666), Stosch (Frcft, ad V. ITl, Vitringa (Obss. sacr. ii, 384 sq.) ; on the in£unj of ik punishment, by Henke (Helmst 1785), Jetze (^ 1761), Lange (Lubec, 1729) ; on the time of Offish crucifixion (in reconciliation of the discrepsaeTW tween Mark xv, 26, and John xix, 14), by Kdl (L^ 1778-1780), Uebknecht (Giess. 1726), Michadif (t Germ. Hamb. Bibl. iii, 2), Reyper (Ties. Diss, ii, Jfl Schwarz (Lips. 1778), Mortnus (Lugd, B. 168$, 1©^ OsUnder (Tubingen, 1743), Pauli (Halle, 1744,175?. Woerger (in Menethen. Thesaur. ii, 277), Wolf (lif*. 1750), Zeibich (in German, Lpz. 1718), Zeltner (tk» diss., Altorf. 1720, 1721, 1724), Knittel (m Genus. Wolfenb. 1766), Horn (Havn. 1780), Rhem fm Gse. Lpz. 1832) ; on Christ's thirst and drink on the cresi by Bauer (Viteb. 1714), DeyUng (Obss, i, 227), Fite (London, 1660), Hutten (Guben. 1671), Lee (Lwm^ 1721), Neumann (Viteb. 1688), Pipping (Lipe. l«^l Rausch (Jena, 1733), Schlegel (ui German, Hab< Magax. iv, 288-291), Walch (Obss. m MatA,^n -188) ; on his prayer for bb murderers, by 3**"^ (8gU. Diss. p. 808, 828), Pfaff (Tub. 1746); on Iffi ^ spairing cry, by Hoepfner (Lips. 1641)^ FrischaaA (Jen. 1668X Niemann (Jen. 1671), Sdiarf (Vit ISHi Lockerwitz (Viteb. 1680), Olearius (Lips. IffiJl t» same (ib. 1683, 1726), Deutschmann (Viteb. \^\ Winslow (Havre, 1706), Engestrdm (Lnnd. ITSi Luger (Jena, 1739), Leucke (Lips. 175S), Wetsfwa (Tub. 1746), Sommel (Lund. 1774), WickenbSfer is Germ., Zimmermann*s Monatsch, 1822, No. 2*); <^ his commending his spirit to the Father, bj ^^ (Lips. 1726 ; again Gott. 1744) ; on his so-called "li« seven words," bv Froerysen (Argent 1625), Dannbi* Cib. 1641), Un^ (Lips. 1651), Mayer (Giyph. 1^ Crager (Vit. 1726), Vincke (Tr. ad Rh. 1846) ; on tb presence of Mary, by Zom (Oputc. ii, 816-322): • the perforation of the hands and feet, by Footaia (Amst 1641), Stemler (Dresd. 1741); on the pnnetB* by the spear, by Sagittarius (Jena, 1673; also vs. 21* Diss, Amst, ii,''381-7), Bartholinus (L. B. 1646, l4»- 1664, 1683, Frcf. 1681), Faes (Helmst. 1676), Qao* stedt (Viterb. 1678), Wedel (Jen. 1686), JaooW (Hi*- 1686), Suantenius (Rost. 1686), Loescber (Fitisn, Triller (Vit. 1775) ; on the discharge from the wwod, by Kocher (Dresd. 1697), Ritter (Vit 1687), Eidi* bach (Rost. 1775), Calovius (Vit 1679); on the bk*- cal aspects of the death, by Vogler (Helnutidt, 1673), Westphal (Grypesv. 1771), Richter (Gott 1767), Bai- ling (Erlang. 1767), Gruner (Sen., Jen. 1800, Jun., Hil 1805), Stroud (in EnglUh, London, 1847), Brahier {t& French, Paris, 1749), Swieten (Vien. 1778), HofdiBi (Germ., Weim. 1791), Taberger (Germ., HannoT.18^); on the attestation of the by-standers, by Dietdnaier (Altdorf, 1749), Schottgen (German, in BidfflinMB'* Schulsa^ien, iii, 16). For other dissertatioDS ob u»- ciated incidents, see Passoveb ; PiukTE ; MocrbT (of Christ); Cbown (of Thorks); Thief (osin Cross); SABAcrHANi ; Eclipse; Eabthqcim; Vail ; Centurion ; Prisoner, etc
Cmciger, Caspar, one of the most ftithfol ud useful of Luther's coadjutors in the Refonnition,vii
CRUDER
593
CRFSADES
n at Lieipeio Jan. 1, 1504, of religioas parents, who k pains with his education. In his sixteenth year embraced the doctrines of the Reformation, and »iit 1521 he began to study theology at Wittenberg ;h Lather and Melancthon. He became profoundly lied in Hebrew. In 1524 he was called to Magde- rg, and there taoght with great success till 1527, len he returned to Wittenberg, where he lectured on I Sdiptnres, and aided Luther in his translation of i Bible. He was veiy expert in shorthand writing, d to this faculty we are indebted for many of Lu- st's precious remains. He died in 1548, aged forty- ir years. His letters may be found in the Carpus formaiorftm, — Middleton, Evang. Biog.; Adam, Vi- Theologonm; Piper, Eoangel. Kaknder^ 1854; Pres- , Caspar Crudger nixch gUkkzeitigen Quailm (Elber- dt, 1862).
Cmdeii, Alexander, author of the well-known ncordcmce, was bom in Aberdeen May 81, 1701, and IS educated at ICareschal College with a view to the Inistry, but aberration of mind caused his temporary nfinement in an asylum, and prevented his entering
the ecclesiastical career. In 1782 he went to Lon n, and was employed as a classical tutor and correct-
of the press. He was appointed bookseller to the leen, to whom in 1787 he dedicated his Complete Con' rdanee to the Holg Scriptures of the 0, and N. Test.^ tiich first appeared in that year. Pecuniary difficul- » growing out of the publication of this work now creased his insanity, and led to his temporary con- lement, but he escaped from Bethnal Green, and x>ught an action against the proprietor and physician ' the asylum, who of course obtained a verdict in leir favor. For the rest of his life he was permitted