Camol of the liumfr
of a finer and more elegant stroctot^MM ii, 44; Prosp. Alp. Rer* ^. !▼, 7, ^ >^V^ Traxf, i, 369), so that it can not «»ly**5pJJJ per hour (Shaw, TVor. p. 149), but gMWi**g for a great number of days tc^th€r(BKIP^* 809; Volney, ii, 260; Hdst, aVoelrw ft -*«■ 289). They carry only 600 to 700 ?••*• *| edary is properly a camel, distingiiiriirfA»*J mon one only by its breed and ^''^"^'iVy horse is distinguished from a <*'***'^V^ J is called swift with respect to ^'^^^•'J "JJ respect to other animals; for the €i«d » ■* J
neiitly a swift animal, and those most w**"^ their fleetness are not m any way conpiw*^ horse. The best-trained camels amiiot8iHiw»f" above half an hour, in which, at fon»* J^J may make about e^t or mne milw. Tws'l
DROMEDARY
895
DROMEDARY
lest exertion. A forced trot is not so contrary to earners nature, and it will support it for several rs without evincing any symptoms of fatigue ; but a here the utmost degree of celerity of the very i-bred dromedary does not exceed about twelve ss an hour ; and it is therefore in this pace also exi>editiou8 than a moderately good horse (Kitto, :. Bibkf note on Jer. ii, 23). ** It is not therefore," ! Burckhardt, to whom we owe this statement, *' by reme celerity that the hejeins and delouls are dis- ;iiished, however surprising may be the stories re- d on this subject both in Europe and the East ; but jT are perhaps unequalled by any quadrupeds for ease with which they carry their rider through an Qterrupted journey of several days and nights, m they are allowed to persevere in their own favor- pace, which is a kind of easy amble, at the rate of ut five miles or five miles and a half in the hour" >tes on the BedouiM, p. 262). In proportion to its ght, the camel takes but little nourishment (Phi- ;r. Apol. i. 41) : it eats in twenty-four hours a sin- meal of barley or beans (husks, Mlshna, Shabb, 4 ; comp. Minutoli, Nachtr, p. 259 ; see Wellsted, i, ); also dough or cakes; and in the want of all these, ss and thistles, about a pound's weight ; it drinks iirly (Cotovic. IHner. iii, 21), after it has made the ter muddy with its feet, and can go even 16 (some ' 20) days without drinking (Aristotle, Anim, viii, and Pliny, viii, 26, give only four days ; but this bably means its ordinary intervals between drink- ; times: see Russel, Aleppo, ii, 84); although the •bs wet with dew in the desert constantly supply isture ; besides, the camel's double cell-formed stom- 1 apparently serves as a receptacle of water, from ich it moistens its usually dry fodder, and by means rumination can even assuage its thirst. Travellers fering from want of water in the desert not unfire- ently slaughter a camel, and allay their thirst with ) water from its stomach, which is clear and pure, n the diseases of the camel, see Browne, Trav. p. >.) Camels were in use as early as the patriarclial es (Gen. xii, 16 ; xxiv, 10 sq. ; xxx, 43 ; xxxi,17 ; :xii, 7; compare Job i, 3; xlii, 12; see Aristotle, dm. ix, 10), and in later times these animals were a ry valuable possession to the Israelites (1 Chron. Lxvii, 80 ; Tob. x, 11 ; Ezra ii, 67 ; comp. Harmer, , 855) ; although they appear to have been less pre- >as than with the neighboring Arabic tribes (Judg. , 5 ; vii, 12 ; 1 Sam. xv, 8 ; xxvii, 9 ; Gen. xxxvii, ; Jer. xlix, 32 ; comp. Mishna, Shabb. xxiv, 8 ; see
Saddling a DelotUy or Dromedary.
^ Afric. Degcr. Afr. ix, p. 145; Descr. de VEgypte, :vi 18S), xhey were generally used, however (espe- lally in the caravans of the desert), for transportation'
of wares and baggage (Gen. xxxvii, 25 ; Judg. vi, 5 ; 1 Chron. xii, 40 ; 1 Kings x, 2 ; 2 Chron. xiv, 14 ; 2 Kings viii, 9; Isa. xxx, 7; Ix, 6; comp. Josephns, Life^ 24 ; Curt, v, 6, 9), since they carry a large load (Volney, ii, 811; Lorent, Wand. p. 120; Russel, ii, 84 ; see Died. Sic. ii, 54), and are more sure-footed in hilly regions than the ass (Wellsted, i, 205; ii, 68). They were also used for riding (Gen. xxiv, 64 ; 1 Sam. XXX, 17 ; comp. Troilo, Trav. p. 455 ; Niebuhr, Traio. i, 215), and women, seldom males, generally sat in a kind of basket or sedan-chair (^3, see Gesenius, Thes. p. 715), which was fastened on the back of the camel (Gen. xxxi, 34), being spacious, and covered on all sides (see Kampfer, Amoen. p. 147 ; Pococke, East, 1, pi. 58). On account of its long but slow stride, and its light gait (Tischendorf, Reis. i, 258), the beast has a regular rocking motion, not disagreeable in itself to the rider, but so uniform as at length to become weari- some (Lorent, Wander, p. 119). Cyrus trained camels to fight (in order to make the horses of the enemy
Ancient Aaoyrinas pursaing an Arab on a Dromedary.
turn, Herod, i, 80; -filian, Anim. iii, 7; comp. PKny, viii, 26; PolysBn. vii, 6, 6), and had even a camel troop (camels ridden by horsemen, Isa. xxi, 7 ; comp. Xen- oph. Cyrop. vi, 2, 8 ; vii, 1, 27,, 48 sq. ; Herod, vii, 86 ; on the military use of camels among other people, see Diod. Sic. ii, 54 ; iii, 45 ; Livy, xxxvii, 40 ; Appian, Syr. 32 ; Pollux, Onom. x, 8 ; Herodian, iv, 15, 4 ; Ve- get. ill, 23 ; comp. Gesen. Comment, z. Jes. i, 661 ; and Judg. vii, 12). Bonaparte, when commanding the French army in Egypt, formed a military corps mount- ed on dromedaries. In loading or mounting the cam- el, it is made, on a given signal, to fall on the knees and breast (T|''*!I3H ; comp. Amob. Adv. gentt, ii, 26), and receive the burden, which hangs over the back on both sides ; and when it b too heavy the animal utters a mournful cry (Pliny, viii, 26 ; compare Schweigger, Reise, p. 264 ; H6st, Marohko, p. 288 ; Cotovic. IHner. p. 404). On the Assyrian monuments a kneeling