Ennodms, Magnus Felix, one of the Latin fa- tliers, was born about A.D. 473, at Aries (according to others at Jlilan), of a noble Gallic famih', having such names as Faustus and Boethius on its registers. His parents dying early, he was sent, on the invasion of the Visigoths, to an aunt in Milan, who took good care of his education. Soon after her death (A.D. 489) he married a rich wife, and lived ver}' freely until a se- vere illness brought him to reflection ; and on his res- toration he was ordained deacon, and his wife became a nun. (One account says that he had been ordained deacon before, and lived a bad life as deacon.) In 494 he accompanied Epiphanius of Pavia on a mission to Burgundy to ransom some Italian prisoners. In 496 he went to Rome, where he soon gained great repu- tation. In 502 he wrote in vindication of pope Sym- machus against his rival, pope Laurentius. In this defence he first asserted that the bishop of Rome is subject to no earthly tribunal (Gieseler, i, § 115). He was the first to give to the bishop of Rome exclusive!}' the name of " Papa"' (pope), and was, in general, very eager to enlarge the papal authority. After he had been chosen, about A.D. 511, to succeed Maximus as bishop of Pavia (Ticinum), he went, under direction of pope Hormisdas, on two missions (515 and 517) to the emperor Anastasius with reference to the union be- tween tlie Eastern and Western churches. Both mis- sions failed. Ennodius died at Pavia July 17, 521. Among his writings are, Epistolarum ad IJiversos lib. ix: — Lihellus adv. eos, qui contra Synodiim scrihere pi'cj- sumseriint, containing the defence of Symmachus named above : — Vita Epiphanii Episcopi : — Vita A ntonii Mona- chi Urinensis: — Euchansticon de vita sua, an autobiog- raph J' : — Parnntsls didascalica ad A mhrosium et Bea- tiim : — Oratimies: — Carmina. His writings were pub- lished in Basle, 15G9, fob; T.uirnay, KilO; and by Sirmond (best ed.), Paris, 1611. Thej- are also in Migne, Patrol. Lat. vol. Ixiii. ICnnodius wrote strong- ly in favor of free will, and has been therefore styled a Semipolagian. — Cave, Jlist. Lit. (Geneva, 1720), i, 322 ; Ceillier, Aiitems Sacn's (Paris, 1861), x, 473 sq. ; llerzog, Rea!-Encyklop.iv, G8 ■,\\'etzeT u.\ye\te,K{rch.- Lcx. iii, 595.
E'noch (Heb. Chanoh', Til^H, initiated; according to Pliilo, De poet. Caini, § 11, from 'n, with the suffix V]=~.in [}nj.ir]ViviTai 'V.vmx X"piC crov'], i. e. thy fa- vor; Sept. and N. T. 'Erwy, Josephus "Af wxof, Vulg. Utnoili), the name of several men.
1. The eldest son of Cain (Gen. iv, 17), who called the city wliich he liuilt after his name (Gen..iv, 18). B.C. pof^t 4041. It is there described as beinii east of Eden, in the land of Nod, to which Cain r'etircd after the murder of his brother. See Nod. Ewald (Gcsch.
i, 356, note) fancies that there is a reference to the Phr3'gian Iconium, in which city a legend oV kvvaKo^ Avas preserved, cvidentlj' derived from the biblical ac- count of the father of Methuselah (Steph. Byz. s. v. 'Ikoviov; Suid. s. v. NorroK-ot). Other places have been identified with the site of Enoch with little prob- ability; e. g. Annchta (Ptolemy, vi, 3, 5) in Susiana, the lleniochi (Ptoleni}', v, 9, 25; Stralo, xi, 492; Plinj', vi, 10. 12) in the Caucasus, etc. (Iluetius, De Paradisn, c. 17 ; Hasse, Entdechmg, ii, 35 ; Gotter, De Henochia urbe, Jen. 1705 [of little value] ; Sticht, De urbe Ilanochia, Jen. 1727).
2. Another antediluvian patriarch, the son of Jared and father of Methuselah (Gen. v, 21 sq. ; Luke iii, 28: in 1 Chron. i, 3, the name is Anglicized "He- noch"). B.C. 3550-31 85. He was born when Jared was 162 j-ears old, and after the Ijirth of his eldest son in his 65th year he lived 300 years. From the period of 365 j'ears assigned to his life, Ewald (Isr. Gesch. i, 356), with very little prol)ability, regards him as " the god of the new year," but the number may have been not without influence on the later traditions which as- signed to Enoch the discovery of the science of astron- omj' (a<yT(}o\oyia, Enpolemus ap. Euseb. Prap. Ev. ix, 17, where he is identified with Atlas). After the birth of Methuselah it is said (Gen. v, 22-24) that Enoch "walked with God 300 j-ears . . . and he was not; for God took him" (npb). The phrase " walked with God" (a'^il'?xri"rN Ti^r^rri) is elsewhere only used of Noah (Gen. vi, 9; comp. Gen. xvii, 1, etc.), and is to be explained of a prophetic life spent in immediate converse with tlie spiritual world (Book of Enoch, xii, 2, ^^ All his action nris nilh the holy ones, and uitk (he watchers during his life'). There is no farther men- tion of Enoch in the O. T., but in Ecclesiasticus (xlix, 14) he is brought forward as one of tlie peculiar glories (oi)Si fTc tKriaOi] olof 'L.) of the Jews, for he was taken up {di't\{i(p9i], Alex. ptTtriBii) from the earth. " He pleased the Lord and was translated [Vulg. into Para- dise], being a pattern of repentance" (Ecchis. xliv, 14). In the Epistle to the Hebrews the spring and issue of Enoch's life are clearly marked. "By faith Enoch was translated (ptriTiOi]'), that he should not see death . . . for before his translation {ptraBinuS) he had this testimou)', that he pleased God." The contrast to this divine judgment is found in the con- strained words of Josephus : '• Enoch departed to the Deity {avixojpi](!t ttooc to dtioi'), whence [the sacred writers] have not recorded his death" (Ant. i, .3, 4). Iii the Epistle of Jude (v, 14 ; comp. Enoch Ix, 8) he is de- scribed as " the seventh from Adam ;" and the numlier is probably noticed as conveying the idea of divine completion and rest (comp. August, c. Faust, xii, 14), ■ while Enoch was himself a type of perfected human- ity, " a man raised to heaven bj' pleasing God, while angels fell to earth b^' transgression" (Ireuisus, iv, IG, 2). Elijah was in like manner translated ; and thus was the doctrine of immortality ^)a//;flW?/ taught under the ancient dispensation.