2. Evangellci canoncs, a kind of Gospel harmony, to
EUSEBIUS
360
EUSEBIUS
be found in the editions of the N. T. by Erasmus, Ste- phens, and Mill ; also in Mignc, Palrolor/. Gnvc. xxii, 1273 sq.
3. ZiiTi'j^iara Kni Xi'iati^, Quwstiones evrmgelicm, in three books, containing solutions of seeming contra- dictions of the evangelists ; edited hj Mai in his Coll. Scr'qH. Vet. (18-25, -Ito), i, 101 sq.
4. Commentaries on the Psalms and On Isaiah, which are preserved to a great extent, and given in Migne, Patrol. Greeca, torn, xxiv and xxv. Of his commen- tary on Solomotis Son;/, Proverbs, Daniel, and Luke, only fragments are left us, which are given in Migne, Patrol. Gi-mc. torn, xxiv, who prints also Mai's newly- discovered fragments from his Nov. Pair. Bibliotheca, vol. iv.
There is no absolutely complete edition of the works of Eusebius. The. nearest to such are Eusebii Pam- phili Opera Omnia, Lat. (Basil. 1542, 4 vols. fol. ; 1559, 2 vols. fol. ; Paris, 1581, fol.) ; most complete of all (following Valesius, Montfaucon, Mai, and Gaisford), JNligne, Patrol. Grccc. vols, xix-xxiv. A new edition of the Scrijita Ilistorica, by Heinichen, was begun in 18G7 (vol. i, 8vo, the Hist. Eccles.) ; and of the Opera Omnia by Dindorf (Leipsic, 1865-67, vols, i-iii, 8vo).
See Cave, Hist. Lit. i, 111; Dupin, Auteurs Eccl. ii, 1-15; Fabricius, Blbl. G)'(eca, ed. Harles, vii, 335 sq. ; Oudin, Script. Eccles. i, 312 sq. ; Lardner, Works, iv 09 sq. ; Hoffmann, Bibliog. Lexikon, i, 98 sq. ; Ceillier, Auteurs Sacri's (Paris, 1805), iii, 168 sq. ; Neander, Ch. History/, Torre3''s transL, ii, 367, 383; Jortin, Remarks on Eccles. Hist. (London, 1707), ii, 252; Waddington, Church History (in 1 vol.), ch. vi ; Schaff, History of the Christian Church, vol. iii, § 101 ; Alzog, Patrologie, § 44; Lardner, Works, '\y, 69; Hefele, Conciliengesch. i, 233 et al. ; Dowling, On the Study of Eccles. Hist. p. 13 sq. ; Kestncr, De Fide Eusebii (Gottingen, 1817) ; Baur, Comp. Eiiseb. cum Uerodoto (Tubing. 1834, 12mo) ; Hiinnell, De Eusehio Relig. Christ. Defensore (Gutting. 1843) ; Lamson, Church of the First Three Centuries, 233 sq. ; Dorner, Person of Christ (Edinb. transl.), div. i, vol. ii, 218 sq. ; "Waterland, Works, ii, 475 sq.
Eusebius of Douyl^euji, born at the end of the fifth century, began his public life as a lawjer, and obtained the place of imperial commissioner (agens in rebus'). Evagrius {Hist. Eccles. i, 9) sa3^s of him that, " while still practising as a rhetorician, he was the first to expose the blasphemy of Nestorius." It seems to have been he who interrupted Nestorius in a sermon about A. D. 430 (when he denied to Mary the title Ot- otokoq), by crying aloud " No ; the eternal Logos him- self subjected himself to a second birth." This, at least, is the conclusion of Neander {Church History, Torrey's transl., ii, 504). He also thinks it probable that Eusebius was the author of the formal complaint publicly posted against Nestorius in the church of Constantinople, comparing him to Paul of Samosata (Neander, I. c). It is possible that it was as a reward for this zeal that he was made bishop.
At all events, he entered into orders, and became bishop of Doryla'um, in Phrygia. In the jear 448, at the Home Council {(Tin'OCoQ tvCimovGci), held at Con- stantinople, he entered complaint against Eutyches (whom he had previously warned privately), as hold- ing false and blasphemous doctrines, contrary to the fatiiers, as to the person of Christ (Mansi, CoractV. vi, 495, 050). See Eutvciies. At this synod Eutyches was condemned, but in the next year, at the Robber- Council (see Ei'Hiisrs, Robber-Council of), Eutv- ches was restored, and Eusebius condemned and de- prived of his see. When he attempted at this council to explain the doctrine of two natures in Christ, voices e.xclaimed, " Burn Eusebius ! As he has cut Christ asunilor, so let him he cut asunder." He fled to Rome. The tide was turned by the death of Thcodosius, A.D. 45(1. Leo the Great, bishop of Rome, ])revailed upon !Marcian, the successor of Tlieodosius, to convene an- other general council, which met at Chalcedon A.D.
451, and Eusebius was restored to his see. A few po- lemical writings of Eusebius are still extant, as Con- sertatio adversus Nestorium (in the works of IMarius Mercator, ii, p. 18) : — Libellus adversus Eutychete.n (in Labbe, vol. iv, p. 151) : — Libellus adversus Dioscurum (ib. vol. iv, p. 380) : — Ejnstola ad Marcianum impcra- torem (ib. p. 95). — Neander, Ch. Hist, ii, 505-513 ; Hoe- ii&Y,Nuuv. Biog. Gener. xvi, 777.
Eusebius, bishop of Emesa, fourth century. Soc- rates {Hist. Eccles. ii, 9) gives the following account of him : " Who this person was, George, bishop of Lao- dicea, who was present on this occasion, informs us ; for he says, in the book which he has composed on his life, that he was descended from a noble family of Edessa, in Mesopotamia, and that from a child he had studied the Holy Scriptures ; that he was afterwards instructed in Greek literature hj a master resident at Edessa ; and finally, that the sacred books were ex- pounded to him by Patrophilus and Eusebius, the lat- ter of whom presided over the church at Cajsarea, and the fonner over that at Scythopolis. Having after- wards gone to Antioch, about the time that Eustathius was deposed on the accusation of Cyrus of Bertea for holding the tenets of Sabellius, he lived on terms of fiimiliar intercourse with Euphronius, that prelate's successor. When, however, a bishopric was offered him, he retired to Alexandria to avoid the intended honor, and there devoted himself to the study of phi- losophy. On his return to Antioch he formed an in- timate acquaintance with Placitus or Elaccillus, the successor of Euphronius. At length he was ordained bishop of Alexandria bj^ Eusebius, bishop of Constan- tinople, but did not go thither in consequence of the attachment of the people of that city to Athanasius. He was therefore sent to Emesa, where the inhabitants excited a sedition on account of his appointment, for they reproached him with the study and practice of judicial astrology ; whereupon he fled to Laodicea and abode with George, who has given so many his- torical details of him. George, having taken him to Antioch, procured his being again brought br.ck to Emesa b}' Flaccillus and Narcissus ; but he was af- terwards charged with holding the Sabellian heresj'. His ordination is elaborately' described liy the same writer, who adds at the close that the emperor (Con- stantius) took him with him in his expedition against the barbarians, and that miracles were wrought hy his hand" (see also Sozomen, Hist. Ecclesiast. iii, 0). Dur- ing the latter j-ears of his life he lived at Antioch, de- voted to study. He died at Antioch about A.D. 360. Among the numerous works of Eusebius, Jerome men- tions treatises against the Jews, the Pagans, and Nova- tians ; a Commentar}', in 10 books, to the Epistle to the Galatians, and Homilies on the Gospels. Theodoret mentions works of Eusebius against the Marcionites and Manich.Tsans ; Ebedjesu, Questions on the Old Tes- tament ; and Xenajas (Asseman. Eibl. ii, p. 28) a work on faith, and other addresses. Of all these works only fragments are extant. Two homilies (against Mar- cellus) undoubtedly belonging to him were falsely ascribed to Eusebius of Ciesarea. Some homilies are of a more recent date. See Eusebius of Alexax- DRIA. A biographj' of Eusebius, b}' bishop George, of Laodicea, is lost. A work on Eusebius and his writ- ings has been written by Augusti {Euseb. Ernes, opus- cula qure supersunt gneca, Elberfeld, 1829) ; and some of the statements in this work have been refuted by Thilo {Ueber d. Schriften des Euseb. v. Alex. u. des Eu- seb. ron Emiset, (Halle, 1832). Some of the homilies as- cribed to Eusebius of Csesarea are attributed to Euse- bius of Emesa.