Felix I, bishop of Rome. According to the Acta Sanctorum, he succeeded Dionysius in 2G9, and died in 274. He was declared a "martyr" bv the Council of Ephesus on "account of his sufferings for Christ," but he did not die by violence. There is extant a letter of his against the Sabellians and Paul of Samosata. C)ther writings, not believed to be his, arc to be found in Migne, Patrolog. Lat. vol. v, and in Galland, Bibl. Pat. iii, 542. — Eusebius, Hist. Eccl. vii, 30 ; Baronius, Armales, p. 272-275 ; Bower, History of the Popes, i, 78.
Felix II, Anti-pope, was placed in the episcopal chair of Rome A.D. 355, by the Arian emperor Constan- tius, in place of Liberius (q. v.), who was exiled by the emperor. The clergy refused to acknowledge Felix, and Constantius recalled Liberius to hold the see conjointly with Felix; but when the decree was read in the circus, the people rejected it with the crv,
" One God, one Christ, one bishop." But Sozomen saj's that Felix was an adherent of the Nicene faith, and a "blameless" man. Nevertheless, Felix hud to retire from Rome, and is said to have died A.D. 3G5 ; but the accounts vary very much. His name is found in the Roman Martyrology, July 29 ; but Baronius decides against his claims {.innal. A.D. 357). Never- theless, Gregory XIII confirmed his saintship in 1582 — Sozomen, Hist. Eccl. iv, 11; Tillemont, J/««. poui Servir, etc., vol. vi ; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, vol. xvii ; Bower, History of the Po2)es, i, 134. See Libe- rius.
Felix III (II?) was elected successor of Simpli- cius A.D. 483, under the influence of the Gothic em- peror Odoacer. He and Acacius, bishop of Constanti- nople, mutually excommunicated each other, and thus gave occasion to the first schism between the Greek and Latin churches. He died Feb. 24 or 25, 492. He is commemorated by the Roman Church as a saint (Feb. 25). — Mosheim, Ch. Hist. cent, v, pt. ii, ch. v, § 18, 21 ; Bower, History of the Popes, ii, 193 sq. See
MOXOPHYSITES.
Felix (III or) IV, Pope, succeeded John I A.D. 526, b}' the influence of the Arian emperor Theodoric. Little is known of him, but that little is creditable. He died 530.— Baronius, Annul, cent, vi; Dupin, Eccles. Writers, cent. vi.
Felix V, Amadeus (of Savoy), Pope or Anti-pope, was bom Sept. 4, 1383. He succeeded his father, Amadeus VII, in the earldom of Savoy, which the emperor Sigismund raised into a duchy. In his eight- eenth 3'ear he was married to Maria of Burgundy, and in those times of bloody excess was accounted a wise and just prince. He participated through an envoy in the Council of Constance, and in 1422 shared in the cmsade against the Hussites. His naturally strong religious tendencies having been strengthened b}' his wife's death, he built a hermitage at Ripaille, on Lake Leman, in 1434, and retired to it with the intention of spending the rest of his days in retirement. After the councils of Pisa and Constance had deposed Eugenius IV, another was assembled at Basle, and Amadeus was elected pope. He accepted the nomination, adopt- ed the title of Felix V, and as such entered Rome June 24, 1440. Finall}' he made terms with Nicolas V, Eu- genius IV's successor, and, having thus ended the schism, Felix V retired to his hermitage at Ripaille, with the rank of cardinal-legate and permanent vicar- general of the papal see in Savoy, Basle, Strasburg, etc. He died at Geneva January 7, 1451. See Gui- chenon, Histoire generale de la ray. maison de Siivoye (1660); ^n. S^'lvii Commentar. de gestis Condi. (Basle. 1577). See Basle, Council of.
Fell, John, D.D., bishop of Oxford, a learned the- ologian, was born at Longworth, in Berks, June 23, 1625, and graduated M.A. in 1643. As a devoted friend of the Stuarts, for whom he had been in arms, he was deprived of his studentship in Christ Church by the parliamentarj' visitors, and durinj^ the Protec- torate he continued in obscurity. After the Restora- tion he obtained a stall at Chichester, whence he was preferred to a more valual)le one at Christ Church, and soon after became dean of Christ Church. In 1666 he became vice-chancellor of the university, and in 1676 bishop of Oxford, retaining his deanery. He was a great benef;ictor to the university, and as a prelate was distinguished by learning and munifi- cence; but his conduct in the matter of John Locke's illegal removal from his studentship in Christ Church is a great stain upon his memorv (see Edinburgh Re- view, 1829, 1, IG). Among his writings are a Latin translation of Wood's History and Antiquities of Ox- ford (2 vols, fol.):— .4 Lfe of Dr. Hammond (1660, prefixed to Hammond's Works') : — St. Clement's Two Epistles to the Corinthians (Oxford, 1GG9, 12mo, Gr. and Lat.) : — Artis Logicw Compendium: — Epistle of Barna-
FELL
526
FELLOWSHIP
bas (Oxford, 1G85, 12nio) : — Cypriani Opera (Oxford, 1677): — also Athenayoras, Hermes, and Justin's Apo- logia:— Nori Tcstamenti Libri Omnes ; accesserunt Pa- ralltla Script, loc. necnon varire Iccliones, etc. (London, 1C75 ; Leips. 1G97, and again, edited by A. H. Francke, 1702 ; Oxford, ed. by Gregory, fol. 17'03 ; Oxford, ed. by Jacobson, 1852, 8vo) : — Parajihrase and Annotations upon all the Epistles of St. Paul (Lond. 1(575, 8vo ; but from the edition of 1708 it appears that this book was the work of A. AVoodhead, E. AUestree, and O.Walker, "corrected and improved" by Fell). His edition of the N. T. gave a new impulse to critical science, which he farther aided by the assistance he furnished, in monej' and otherwise, to the critical labors of John Mill (q. v.). Indeed, bishop Fell is said to have de- voted his " whole substance" to works of piety and charity. He died July 10, 1GS6. — Hook, Eccles. Biog. V, 74 ; Wood, Athena: Oxonienses ,• Biog. Britannica, s. v.