Fello'wsllip in a college, a station of privilege and emolument enjoyed by one who is elected a mem- ber of an}' of those endowed societies which in the English universities are called colleges. The person so elected shares the benefits of the foundation in com- mon with the otlier members, and from such partici- pation derives the name of fellow, the Latin name for which in the statutes of most of the colleges is socius. See University. In Oxford and Cambridge "the fellowships were either constituted by the original founders of the colleges to which thej' belong, or they have been since endowed. In almost all cases their holders must have taken at least the first degree of bachelor of arts or student in the civil law. One of the greatest changes introduced by the commissioners under the University Act of 1854 was the throwing open of the fellowships to all members of the univer- sity of requisite standing, by removing the old restric- tions bj' which many of them were confined to found- er's kin, or to the inhabitants of certain dioceses, arch- deaconries, or other districts. Fellowships vary great- l}- in value. Some of the best at Oxford, in good 3ears, are said to reach £700 or even £800, whilst there arc others which do not amount to £100, and many at Cambridge Mhich fall short of that sum. Being paid out of the college revenues which arise from land, they also varj' from j-ear to year, though from this ar- rangement, on the other hand, their general value with reference to the value of commodities is preserved nearlj' unchangeable, which would not be the case if thej' consisted of a fixed paj'ment in mone}-. The
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senior fellowships are the most lucrative, a system of I promotion beinj^ established among their holders ; but they all confer on their holders the privilege of occu- pying apartments in the college, and generally, in ad- dition, certU'in perquisites as to meals or commons. Many fellowships are tenable for life, but in general they are forfeited should the holder attain to certain preferments in the Church or at the bar, and some- times in the case of his succeeding to property above a certain amount. In general, also, they are forfeited by marriage, though this disability may now be re- moved by a special vote of the college, permitting the fellow to retain his fellowship notwithstanding his marriage. With the single exception of Downing Col- lege, Cambridge, in which the graduates of both uni- versities are eligible, the fellowships arc confined to the graduates of the university to which they belong" (Chambers, Encyclopmdia, s. v.).
Fellcwship (Kotvojvia), "joint interest, or the having one common stock. The fellowship of the saints is twofold : 1. With God (1 John i, 3 ; 1 Cor. i, 9 ; 1 Cor. xiii, 14) ; 2. With one another (1 John i, 7). Fellowship with God consists in knowledge of his will (Job xxii, 21 ; John xvii, 3) ; agreement in design (Amos iii, 2) ; mutual affection (Rom. viii, 38, 39) ; en- joyment of his presence (Psa. iv, C) ; conformity to his image (1 John ii, 6 ; 1 John i, 6) ; participation of his felicity (1 John i, 3, 4 ; Eph. iii, 14-21 ; 2 Cor. xiii, 14). Fellowship of the saints may be considered as a fel- lowship of duties (Rom. xii, 6 ; 1 Cor. xii, 1 ; 1 Thess. V, 17, 18 ; James v, 16) ; of ordinances (Heb. x, 24 ; Acts ii,46) ; of graces, love, joj^, etc. (Heb. x, 24 ; Mai. iii, 16 ; 2 Cor. viii, 4) ; of interest spiritual, and some- times temporal (Rom. xii, 4, 13 ; Heb. xiii, 16) ; of suf- ferings (Rom. XV, 1, 2; Gal. vi, 1, 2; Rom. xii, 15); of eternal glorj' (Rev. vii, 9)." — Buck, Theol. Diction- ary, s. V. See CoMMONiox.
Feltham, Owen, an English writer of the reign of James I, who was a native of Suffolk, lived many 3'ears in the earl of Thomond's family, and died about 1678. The work by which he is remembered is Jie- solves, Divine, Political, and Moral, which has passed through many editions, and is still reprinted.
Felton, Henry, D.D., a learned English divine, was born at London in 1679, and was educated at West- minster school, the Charter House, and Edmund Hall, Oxford. In 1711 he became rector of White well, Der- byshire, and was finallj' appointed principal of St. Ed- mund's Hall in 1722. He died in 1740. His princi- pal works are, A Dissertation on reading the Classics (Lond. 3d ed. 1723, 12mo) : — The common People taurjht to defend their Communion icith the CJiurch of England (Oxf. 1727, 8vo) : — The Christian Faith asserted against Deists, Arians, and Socinians (Oxf. 1732, 8vo): — Ths Resurrection of the same numerical Body asserted (Lon- don, 1733, 3d ed. 8vo) : — Sermons on the Creation, Fall, and Redemption of Man, etc. (Lond. 1748, 8vo) : — Nine- teen Sermons, 1748 (posthumous). — Darling, Cyclop. Bibliographica, s. v. ; Rose, New Gen. Biog. Diet. s. v.
Female Ecclesiastic. (For monographs, see Volbeding, Index, p. 164.) See Ministry ; Deacon- ess; Agapet.e.
Fence (Psa. Ixii, 3), ^'IJ, gader', a wall (q. v.) rather than hedge (as elsewhere generally rendered). The Hebrews use two terms to denote a fence of dif- ferent kinds: 1^3, gider', or •l"i'n5i, gederah' , and nDVJ"2, mesiihah' . According to Vitringa, the latter denotes the outer thorn)' fence of the vinej^ard, and the former the inner wall of stones surrounding it. The chief use of the former was to keep off men, and of the latter to keep off beasts, not onlj' from gardens, vineyards, etc., but also from the flocks at night (see Prov. XV, 19; xxiv, 31). See Hedge. From this root the Phoenicians called any enclosed place guddir, and particularly' gave this name to their settlement in