Fold (properlj-- (TTIJ, gedtrah' , a place walled in, Numb. xxxii,16, 24, 36; «yX»),a court-«/a?YZ, John x, 1, 16 ; also fl?3p, mihlali , a place shut vp, Hab. iii, 17 ; Psa. 1, 9 ; Ixxviii, 70 ; whereas '^3", dober' , Isa. v, 17; Mic. ii, 12; and !T]3, naveh', 2 Sam. vii, 8; 1 Chron. xvii, 7 ; Isa. Ixv, 10 ; Jer. xxiii, 3 ; Ezek. xxv, 5 ; xxxiv, 14, signify pasture, and irol^ivi), John x, 16, the Jhck itself), a small enclosure for flocks to rest together (Isa. xiii, 20). It appears that, before the shearing, the sheep were collected together into an uncovered en- closure {auXii), surrounded by a wall (John x, 11, 16). The object of this is that the wool may be rendered finer by the sweating and evaporation which necessa- rily result from the flock being thus crowded together. These are the sheepfolds mentioned in Numb, xxx, 16; xxiv, 36 ; 2 Sara, vii, 8 ; Zeph. ii, 6, etc. No other kind than this arc used in the East (Jahn, Archccol. § 46). See Pasturage. Such an enclosure, open above, was often made ofhurdles, in which, during the sum- mer months, the flocks are kept by night or at noon. They were usuallj' divided into two parts for the dif- ferent kinds of flocks, i. e. sheep and goats (Judg. v, 16). See Flock. The gentlemen forming the Scotch Mission of Inquiry to the Jews in 1839, when at Esli- taol, observed, " Man}' large flocks of sheep and goats were coming into the village, and we followed the footsteps of the flocks in order to see where they were lodged all night. We found the dwellings to be mere- ly cottages of mud, with a. door, and sometimes also a window, into a court-yard. In this yard the flocks were lying down, while the villagers were spreading their mats to rest within. Small mud walls formed frail partitions to keep separate the larger and smaller cattle, for oxen, horses, and camels were in some of these enclosures." In the East it is common for shep- herds to make use of ruined edifices to shelter their flocks from the heat of the middle of the day and from the dangers of the night. Thus it was prophesied of the cities of Amnion, Aroor, and Judica that they should be couching-places for flocks (Ezek. xxv, 5 ; Isa. xvii, 2 ; xxxii, 14). But Babylon was to be vis- ited with a far greater desolation, and to become unfit even for such a purpose (Isa. xiii, 19). The peculiar expression in Psa. Ixviii, 13, " Though ye have lien among the pots," or, according to J. D. Michaelis, " drinking-troughs" or " water-troughs," would be bet- ter rendered, " Though j'e have lien among the folds." See Pot. To lie among the folds, says Gesenius, seems to be spoken proverbially of shepherds and husband- men living in leisure and quiet. In John x, 16, the Jews and Gentiles are represented under the image of two different flocks enclosed in different folds. See Sheep.
Follen, Charles THEonoiiE Christian, LL.D., III.— Q Q
a Unitarian minister, was born at Romrod, Ilcsse- Darmstadt, September 4, 1796. He was educated at the Gj'mnasium and University of Giessen, which last he entered in 1813. After the battle of Leipsic he entered the army as a volunteer against the dom- ination of Napoleon. In 1815 he returned to the university, and received his degree of doctor of laws in 1817. In 1819 he lectured on the Pandects and the Roman law in Jena ; but he had incurred the hatred of the government for his advocacj' of free- dom, and in 1820 he retired to Switzerland. In 1821 he was appointed lecturer at the University of Basle, but in 1824 the governments of Russia, Prussia, and Austria demanded his surrender as a political prison- er. He was advised to depart, and, after various ad- ventures and escapes, reached New-York January 12, 1825. He was soon after appointed professor of Ger- man at Harvard, and in 1828 was made professor of Church History in the theological school at Cambridge. He engaged at an early period with all his heart in the American anti-slavery movement, a course which al- ienated some of his friends, and hindered his advance- ment. He finally became pastor of a Unitarian church in East Lexington, Mass. On the night of Jan. 13, 1840, he perished in the burning of the steamer Lex- ington in Long Island Sound. He was a thorough scholar, and a man of the purest principles, and of courageous devotion to them. His writings were pub- lished after his death by his widow, under the title, The Worlcs of Charles Follen, with a Memoir of his Life (Bost. 1841, 5 vols. r2mo). — Christian Examiner, 1842, p. 33 ; Sprague, Unitar. Pulpit, p. 538.
Folly. See Fool.
Font (baptismal), the vessel containing the water for baptism. It was for some time the custom to bap- tize in or near flowing streams of water. Then bap- tisteries were erected outside of churches. Properly speaking, the baptisterj' was the building in which baptism was performed ; and the vessel in which it was performed was called in Greek KoXvpj^iiBpa, in Latin piscina. At a later period the vessel for bap- tism was placed in tiie church, and cnWaAfms, font or fountain. Fonts finally came to be generally made as