IIADAD-KBIMON i
ITadailezer, that aU the small tributan- princes seized tlie opportunity of throwiiiR off his yoke, of abantloning the Ammonites to their fate, and of submittnif? (luietly to David, whose power was thus extended to the Eu- phrates (2 Sam. X, 15-19; '2 Cliron. xix, 1 J-19).
But one of Hadarezer's more immediate retainers, Rezon ben-Eliadah, made his escape from the army, and, pathering round him some fugitives like himself, formed them into one ol' those marauding, ravaging " bands" (m?) which found a congenial refuge in the thinlv peopled districts between the Jordan and the Kuphrates (2 Kings v,2: 1 Chron. v, 18-22). Making their way to Damascus, they possessed themselves of the city." B.C. cir. 980. Kczoii became king, and at once began to avenge the If/Ss of his countrymen by the course of " mischief" to Israel which he pursued down to tlie end of Solomon's reign, and which is summed up in tlic emphatic words, "lie was an adversary (a 'Sa- tan') to Israel" . ..." he abhorred Israel" (1 Kings xi, 23-2;j).— Kitto; Smith.
Ha'dad-rim'mon (Ilcb. Hadad'-Rimmon', Tlf^ "ri, tlie names of two Syrian idols ; Sept. kottitu^ fiowj'OcViUg. Adadremmon), the name of a place in the valley of jSIegiddo, alluded to in Zech. xii. 11 as a tjqie of the future penitence of the Jews; probably by a pro- verbial expression from the lamentation for Josiah,who was mortally wounded not far from this spot (2 Chron. XXXV, 22-2.i). (There is a treatise by Wichmanshau- sen. J Je planet It Ilududr. in the Nov. Thes. Theol.-phil. i, 1101; exegetical remarks on tlic same text have also been written in Dutch by Vermast [(Jouda, 1792, 1794], in (icrman by Mauritii [ Rost. 17()4, 1772], and in Latin by Froriep [ Erf. 177G].) According to Jerome {Com- ment. OH Zccli. 1. c. and lion, i), it was afterwards called Marimiunopolis (see Reland, y'«/(c.vV. p. 891), wliich, ac- cording to the Jerus. Ilin., lay 17 Rom. miles from Cisesa- rea, and 10 from Esdraelon; being situated, according to Dr. Robinson (new ed. o( Researc/wx, iii, 118), a little south of Megiddo (now Lejjun) (see Bihl'wtheca Sacra, 1844, p. 220). The name lias been tliought to be de- rived from the worshiji f)f the idol Hadad-rimmon (Hit- zig on Imi. xvii, 9; ^Movers, Plwn, p. 297) ; but, accord- ing to the Targum of Jonathan (followed by Jarchi), it is an ellipsis for Ifadad.i^on of Taii-t-immon, the alleged opponent of Ahab at Ramoth-diilead. As it contains the names of two iiriiicipal Syrian deities, it may have been an old Syrian .stnuighold, and hence Josiali may lierc liavc made his last stand in defence of the jilain of Esdraelon. Such a site, therefore, does not ill iigree witli tlie position of the modern Rummaneh, a village "at the foot of the Megiddo hills, in a notcli or vallev about li hour S. of tell iMelzellim" (Van de Velde, J/e- moir, p. :53,3; comp. Xarnilirc, \,S[>1>; De Saiilcy, Jhad >Sea, ii.;JlI). Schwarz's attempt (/'a/c.it. jt. IM) io iden- tify Iladad-Rimmon witli (Jalh-Himnioii of .losli. xxi, 25, as the Kefar Tthni of the Talmud (Ciltiii, fol. 7(1, a), and a present Kafer (iuth.said by him to be located about 24 miles from Lejjun, beyond Sepphoris, is with- out foiiiidalioii.
Ha'dar, a various rea<rnig of two lleb. names. See
nlHO r.TS-llM.Al!.
1. CiiADAit' ("nn. jxThaps chdmbn- ; Sept. \oc^av\ Vulg. l/ailiii), a son of Isliniael (den. xxv, 15); writ- ten ill 1 Chron. i. •.W.C/iadad' (Tl". XovSc'tu, I/adad); but fJcsenius supposes Ihe I'ormer to be the true reading of the name. It has not been identified, in a satisfac- tory way, with Ihe api)ellntion of any tribe or i)lace in Araliia, or on the Syrian frontier; but names identical with, or very closely re.semliliiig it, are not unconimon in those parts, and may contain traces of the Ishmael- itish tribe .sprung from Iladar. The mountain Il<id(id, belonging to Teymii [see Tkma], on the borders of the Syrian desert, north of el-:Med1neli, is periiaps the most likely to be correctly identilied with the ancient dwell- ings of this tribe; it stands among a group of names
HADDOCK
of the sons of Ishmael, containing Dumah, Kedar, and Tema.— Smith, s. v. See Hadad, 2.
2. Hadak' ("i"iri, perh. ornament ; Sept. 'AqclS v. r. 'ApaS;; Vulg. Adar), one of the Edomitish kings, suc- cessor of Baal-Hanan ben-Achbor (Gen.xxxvi,39) ; and, if we may so understand the statement of ver. 31, about contemporary with Saul. The name of his city, and the name anil genealogy of his wife, are given. In the parallel list in 1 Chron. i, he appears as Had.vd. Wc know from another source (1 Kings xi, 14, etc.) that Hadad was one of the names of the royal family of Edom. Indeed, it occurs in this very list (Gen. xxxvi, 35).— Smith, s. v. See Hadau, 4.
Hadare'zer, the form of the name of the town mentiiiiied in the account of David's Syrian campaign, as given in 2 Sam. x, and in all its occurrences in the Heb. text (as well as in both MSS. of the Sept. and in Josephus), except 2 Sam. viii, 3-12; 1 Kings xi, 23, where it is more correctly called Hadadezek (q. v.).
Hadas. Sec Myrtle.
Had'ashah (Heb. Chadashah' , H'^'l'n, new; Sept. 'k^aad V. r. 'A^aac'tv), a city in the valley of Judah, mentioned in the second group between Zenan and ]\Iig- dal-gad (Josh, xv, 37). It has generally been thought (Winer, Reulw. s. v.) to be the same with the Adusa (A^aoii) of Josephus (-4 nt. xii, 10, 5) and the Apocry- pha (1 Mace. vii,40, 45), and likewise of the Onomasti- con (s. v.), which, however, must have lain rather in the mountains of Ephraim, apparently near the modern vil- lage Surda. See Ahasa. Schwarz {Rhys. Bescripf. of Pal. p. 103) inclines to identify it with a little village d-Chadas, stated by him to lie between Jligdal and Ashkelon, the el-Jora of Van de Velde's J^lap. Accord- ing to the Mishna {Kruh. v, 6), it anciently contained 50 houses onlj'^ (Reland, Palcest. p. 701). See Jvdah, Tribe oi\