Jano'ah (Heb. Yano'dch, niS"^, rest; 2 Kings xv, 29; Sept. 'Awx Y.r.'laviox; but in Josh. xvi, 6, 7 with n local, Ycaio'chah, iinSi"^, to Janoah; Sept. 'lavioxd v.T.'lavwKa and 'lavio, or even 'Ma;^w; Yulg.Janoe; A. V. " Janohah"), the name probably of two places.
1. A town on the N.E. border of Ephraim (see Keil and Delitzsch, Comment, on Joshua, etc., p. 177, Clarke's ed.), and consequently in or near the Jordan valley (Josh, xvi, 6, 7). Euseb. and Jerome state that in their time it was still a village in the district of Acrabatine, twelve miles east of Neapolis, the ancient Sichem (Onomasticon s.v. 'laino, Janon). About three and a half hours (12 miles) east by south of Nablus stands the little village of Yanun, situated in a vale which descends the eastern slope of the mountains of Ephraim to the Jordan. The village is now mostly in ruuis, but it has a few houses inhaljited, and its ancient remains "are extensive and interesting. Entire houses and walls are still existing,
j but covered with immense heaps of earth and rubbish. The dwellings of the present inhabitants are built upon and between the dwellings of the ancient Janohah" (Van de Velde, Travels, ii, 303). Janohah being situated on the side of the mountain range, the border " went down" to Ataroth, which lay in the valley of the Jordan. About a mile up the vale of Janohah is a little fountain, and on a hill above it the prostrate ruins of another an- cient town which is now called Khirbet Yanun (" ruined Yanim") (Robinson, B. R. iii, 297).— Kitto.
2. A town of Northern Palestine, situated apparently between Abel-beth-!Maachah and Kedesh, and within the boundaries of Xaphtali. It was taken, with several other cities, on the first invasion of Palestine byTiglath- Pileser, king of Assyria ( 2 Kings xv, 29). It is mention- ed by Eusebius and Jerome, but they strangely eon- found itwith Janohali, a town of Ephraim {Onomasticon, s. V. Janon), and in this they are followed by Reland {Palffstina, p. 826), ( Jcsenius {Thesaui-us, s. v.), Schwarz Palest, p. 147), and others. The modern village of I/u- nin, which stands on the brow of a mountain between Abel and Kedesh, and which contains the massive ruins of a large and strong castle, woidd answer to the situa- tion, and the names have some sliglft. radical affinity. For a description of Hunin, see Porter, Handbook for
JANOHAH V^
Stjrin and ralestine, p. 444.— Kitto, s. v. A ruin called Yannh, on a hiU S.W. of Haddata (Robinson, Later Re- sert»-c/(e.<t,P- 58), seems by its name to have more corre- spondence to Janoali than Hunnin ; but it lies in the centre of Gentile Galilee, and Tiglath-Pileser's march seems rather to have followed the hills along the Huleh plain.— A'an de Yelde, Memoir, p. 324.
Jauo'hah (Josh, xvi, 6, 7). See Janoah, 1.
Janow, jMatthias von, one of the most celebrated reformers before the Reformation, and one of the three distinguished forerminers of Huss [see Waldhauser and IMu,icz],on whose teachings in their day, more than on all tlie territorial aggrandizements of the German empire, the most important results of the latter half of the 14th century were staked (Gillett, //(«s, i, 37), was the son of a Bohemian knight. Of the early history of Matthias we know but very little. He was educated at the University of Prague, where he was a zealous disciple of llilicz (q. v.), and he is often called Marjister Parisi- «isi«, because he spent six years at the University of Par- is, and obtained his master's degree tliere. He travelled extensively, and no doubt had attained great popularity as a scholar and divine when quite young. He was ambitious to secure some prominent position, and suc- ceeded, on a visit to Rome in 1380, in oljtaining the ap- pointment of prebendary at Prague, and confessor of Charles lY. He entered upon the duties of this office Oct. 12, 1381, and continued therein until his death, Nov. 30, 1394. ^Matthias of Janow does not seem to have been a very eloquent preacher, but he was certain- ly a man of very earnest and deep l)iety, zealous for his Master's cause, anxious to purify the Church from the evils and corruptions which then threatened the extir- pation of all religious feeling ; and however small m&j have been his influence in the pulpit, " it was more than compensated by the influence which he exerted through his writings, anil by his scientific exposition of principles. In his works we may find not only the re- formatory ideas which passed over from him to Huss, but also the incipient germ of those Christian principles which at a later period were unfolded in Germany by Luther, although the latter never came under the influ- ence of ]\Iatthias of Janow" (Neander, Ch. Hist, v, 192). In his earlier period of life, disgusted with that spiritual pride and contempt of the laity which characterized the priests in the 14th and loth centuries, he was impressed by ;Milicz's ideas of the universal priesthood of all Chris- tians, uKire especially after he had been jilaced in the confessional, where he had great opportunity to inform himself more minutely of the good or bad in all classes of society, and of the religious ivants of the people. This may be clearly seen not only from his own narration of the change which he cxiiorienced (see Neander, Ch. Hist. V, 194 s(i. ; (iillctt, ////x.s-, i, 28 sq.), but also from his writings, cnll.^ led under the title of />e re;iiilis Veteris ct A"/-/ '/'(s/(n/i, III/. t,t' \\iiicli, unfortunately, the greater pari still niii.'iiiis in ,MS. Umn (for extracts, see Jor- d.'in. r,./A/»/;,- ,/. //nsi/rii//„ni/s- in Bohmen [Lpz. 184G]). I'rcsscl, in llcrzog (s. v.), says that the work might more ;iii|ir(i|iri!itcly have been entitled Inquiiies concern- iiiij Inn (niil/d/.^r Christinniti/. " It is chiefly taken up witli ntlcctions on the history of the times, and hints concerning the future, based on the rules of the Old and Neiv 'I'estaraents, on the i)rophetical elements which they contain. Although there is a great deal in the de- tails which is arbitrary, particularly in the apocalyptic calculations, yet grand (irophetic glances into the future are also to be found. He portrays the utter corruption of the Cluirch in all its parts, and explains the causes of it" (Neander). The main object of the work, how- ever, was the rejection of the authority of human tradi- tions and popish decretals, and the substitution in tlieir stead of the supreme authority of the divine Word. He tries everything by this tes't. The conduct of the bishops and the' priests is severely arraigned. The antichrist, he asserts, has already come. He is nei-