Kiliaii or Kyllina, a saint of the Roman Catholic Church, and bishop of AV'urzburg in the 7th centurj-, was a native of Ireland, and a member of that distinguished body of Irish missionaries among the Teutonic nations to whose labors in the Gth and 7th centuries Chris- tianity and civilization were so largely indebted in the southern and south-eastern countries of Europe. He was of a noble family, and while yet young entered the monastic life in his native country. Having under- taken, in company with several of his fellow-monks, a pilgrimage to Rome, he was seized, on his journey (A.D. 665) through the still pagan province of Thuringia, with a desire to devote himself to its conversion, and with his fellow-pilgrims, the presbyter Colman and the deacon Donatus, he secured for the project at Rome, in 687, the sanction of pope Conon, by \vhom he was ordained bish- op. On his return he succeeded in converting the duke Gosbert, with many of his subjects, and in opening the way for the complete conversion of Thuringia. L^nfortu- nately, however, Kilian provoked the enmity of Geilana, who, although the widow of Gosbert's brother, had been married to Gosbert, by declaring the marriage invalid, and having induced Gosbert to separate from her, he was murdered at her instigation, during the absence of Gos- bert in 789, together with both his feUow-missionaries, and the Bible, Church monuments, and ecclesiastical vestments consigned to the flames. After Gosbert's re- turn Geilana denied the deed, but both she and the mur- derer feU a prey to insanity, and Gosbert himself fell by the hands of a murderer, his son Hedan II was deposed, and, indeed, his whole family became extinct. Such are the oldest legends concerning Kilian's fate. One of them, written in the 10th or 1 1 th centurj', is to be found in Mabillon, A ct. Sanct. (ii, 991) ; another, with some ar- bitrary variations, in Surius (iv, 131). Yet this legend appears somewhat doubtful, since no mention is other- wise made of any British missionaries before Boniface. Rhabanus jNIaurus (Canisius, Lect. A ntiq. ii, 2, p. 333) claims that Gosbert himself condemned Kilian in 847 on account of his preaching. As to the punishment said to have overtaken all the family of Gosbert, it is con- tradicted by history, for Hedan II was yet in peaceful possession of his dukedom in 716, remained in relation with the British missionaries, and gave St. Willcbrord some land at Arnstadt and jMtihlberg, near Gotha. The facts may be that Kilian belonged to the Anglo-Saxon Roman Church, and that his death was caused by his strict enforcement of the rules concerning matrimony. Before his appointment to Thrjingia Kilian seems to have already distinguished himself in the ministry. Ttlosheim says, '' He exercised his ministerial functions with great success among the Franks, and vast numbers of them embraced Christianity" {Eccles. History, i, 441). Hence he is sometimes denominated " the Apostle of Franconia." The Rev. Mr. De Yinne, a AVTiter on the early Church history of Ireland, gives credence to the legend concerning Kilian's missionary efforts in Germany, and his sad fate, on the ground that " towards the close of the 7th century there appear to have been a great number of Irish ecclesiastics and scholars in Germany and oth- er parts of Central Europe. IMany of these, that they might be the more useful to the people, translated their names into Latin or German, and in all things not sin- ful identified themselves with the different nationalities among whom they lalxired. To this class belong Wiro, Rumbold, bishop of Mechlin, Florentius, bishop of Stras- burg, Colman, Albinos, Clementus, and many others, of whom Mosheim said there were ' French and Irish who
KILLIGREW
80
KIMCHI
refusptl a blind subnii^simi, and gave much trouble to Konie""' (_comp. De "N'innc, Priinit. Irish Ch.X See Ign. Group, Lebensbesch.d./ui/i'/t-ii Kiliani Bisckojf'cns tt.dessen Gesellm (Wurtzburg, 1738, 4t()l ; J, Kion, Liben u. Tod d. hnLKUian (Aischaffenburg, 1834); J.Ch. A.Seiters,J5on- ijacius, etc. (^layenoe, 1845), p. 97 sq. ; F. W. Kettberg, Ktrchc-nfiesrh. Deutschl. ((iiittingen, 1848), ii, 303 ; Todd, Irish Church, p. 70 sq. (J. H. W.)
Killigrew, Hknry, D.D., an English divine, was i born in Itlli, and educated at Christ Cliuroh, Oxford, wliorc lie graduated in 1Gl'8. He was made chaplain to James, duke of York, and prebend of Westminster, in 1G4-2, and died about 1685. His Sermons were pub- lished (1GG6, 4to; 1G85, 4to; 1G89, 4to; and 1695, 4to: the last edition was b}' bishop Patrick, who highly eu- logized the abilities of Killigrew as a pulpit orator). — Allibone, Diet, of Engl, and Anier. Authors, vol. ii, s. v.
Kilvert.FRAN'cis, an English theologian and teach- er, was born in Bath in 1793. His early education was under the instruction of Dr. Rowlandson, at Hungerford; afterwards he was at the Bath Grammar School, where, because of his superior acquirements, he was engaged as one of the assistant masters prior to his entering Oxford. He went to Worcester College in 1811, was ordained deacon in 1816, and priest in 1817. His first curacy was that of Claverton, near Bath. In 1837 he became pos- sessor of Claverton Lodge, in which he continued to teach privately until his death, Sept. 19, 18G3. Kilvert was a man of uncommon purity of life, and as an in- structor of the youth his precepts and holy example were invaluable. He piibhshed a volume of Sermons (preached in St. Mary's Church, Bathvvick, 1827): — Se- lection from unpublished Papers of Bishop Warburton (1841) : — Collection of original Latin Inscriptions; and Memoirs of Bishop Ilurd (I860). See Appleton, Amer- ican A nnual Cyclopcedia, 18G3, p. 571. (J. L. S.)