Konig, Christian Gottlieb, a German theolo- gian of note, was born at Altdorf March 26, 1711, and. was educated at the university of his native place. In 1734 he was appointed proiessor at Giessen Universitj', but resigned this position onlj' two years later. In 1742
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he became pastor at Elberfeld, and remained there until 1747, when he removed to Amsterdam, wliere lie taught the Oriental languages. He died at Leyden in 1782. 'His [irineipal work is Weissar/ung Mosis in den letzten Tageii (Frankfort, 1741, fol.). A list of his writings is given in Diiring's Gelchrte, Theol. Deutschl. ii, 152 sq.
Konig, Georg, a German Lutheran theologian, was born at Amberg Feb. 2, 1590, and was educated at the imiversities of Wittenberg and Jena. In 1G14 he was called as j)rofessor of theology to Altdorf. and in 1644 he added to the duties of his chair the librarianship of that high-scluiol. He died Sept. 10, 1054. He wrote Casus Consciitiiitr, etc. — .4 l/i/em. IJigt. Lexikori, iii, 45.
Konig, Johann Friedrich, a German Lutheran theologian, was born at Dresden October 16, 1619. He studied at Leipzig and Wittenberg; became professor of theology at Greifswalde in 1651, superintendent of Meck- lenburg and Ratzeburg in 1656, and tinally professor of theology at Rostock in 1659, where he died Sept. 15, 1664. His 21i('olo[iia positiva aci'oamatica (Rost.1664: Cth ed. Rost. 1680, 8vo; Wittenb. 1755) became, notwithstand- ing its dryness, a very popular text-book of dogmatics. Hahn, Richter, and Haferung have expounded and com- mented upon it, and it became the foundation of J. A. Quenstiidt's celebrated work. See W^alch, Bib/, theol. sel. i,39; Heinrich, Fe?\'!«c/j einer Geschickte cL verschiedenen Lehrarten d. c/irisi lichen Glavhenswurheiten, etc. (Leipz. 1790); iic\ix'6ckh,Kh-chenf/esch.seit d.Refor.\m,\\ sq. ; Gass, Gesch. d. prot. Dogmatik, i, 321 sq. ; Herzog, Real- Encydopadie, viii, 1 sq.
Konig, Mauritius, a Danish prelate of note, flour- ished in the second half of the 17th century. He was professor of theology at Copenhagen, and later bishop of Ajdburg, and died May 2, 1672. — Allgem. Hist. Lexi- kon, iii, 46.
Konig, Samuel, celebrated in the annals of Swiss pietism, was bom at Gergensee, in the canton of Berne, about 1670. He studied at Berne and Zurich, and af- terwards made a journey to Holland and England, as was customary in those days. He evinced great zeal and talents in the Oriental languages, which were then much studied by the Protestants, and was considered by his followers as a first-class Orientalist. He was also noted for his participation in the mystic tendencies of his day, and after studying Petersen's chiliastic exposi- tions,, became himself a zealous partisan of the doctrine of the Millennium. After his return to Berne he was ordained, and appointed at first preacher in the hospital attached to the Church of the Holy Ghost. About the same time Spener's pietism was beginning to gain ad- herents in Berne, especially through the efforts of Lutz (Lucius). Kijnig, who at first held aloof, was gradually drawn into connection with them, and thus became iden- tified with the development of jiietism in Berne. Here, as elsewhere, pietism was strenuously opposed by the orthodox party in the Church, who, on April 3,1698, ap- pointed a special committee to proceed against "Quaker- ism, unlawful assemblies, and doctrinal schisms." In August of the same year the upper council appointed a committee on religion, for tlie purpose of ascertaining all about ]>ietism (in I5erne), and reporting thereon to the council. KiJnig was several times summoned before this committee, and courageously defended his views on these occasions on chiliasm,as also his sermons, in which he insisted with peculiar force on the necessity of re- pentance and of regeneration. Among his theological opponents the most distinguished were the professors of theology, Wyss and Niidorf. Kiinig was finally ejected and exiled, the pietists were persecuted, and the so-call- ed " association oath" was instituted, July, 1699, with a view to prevent sejiaration. To these measures were added a strict censorship of books, and the prohibition of religious reunions. Konig retired to Ilerliorn, but was soon driven out from that place also, and went to the county of Sayn-Wittgenstein, the general refuge of all pietists and illumuiati. In 1700 he went to Halle,
where he gained many adherents, and afterwards to Magdeburg, where he ibund congenial spirits, especial- ly in Petersen and his wife, Johanna Eleonora von Mer- lau, Nik. von Rodt, and Fellenberg. Finally he return- ed to active life as pastor of a French Church in Biidin- gen. Here he resided eighteen years, during which he wrote a number of works. In 1730 he returned to Berne, and secured an appointment as professor of mod- ern languages and mathematics in the university. He continued to hold religious meetings, and travelled oc- casionally in the interest of pietism, but, having at- tempted to establish meetings for mutual edification at Basel (in 1732), he was expelled from the city. Kiinig died May 30, 1750. His principal works are, Betrach- tiDiff d. imcendiyen Reichs Gott.es, wie es im Herzen d.-Men~ schen atij'gerichtet wird (Basel, 1734) : — Theolocjia Mys- iica (Berne, 1736). See F. Trechsel, Samuel KOnig ii, d. Pietismus in Berne (^Berner Tasrlienhuch, 1852) ; Schle- gel, Kirchengeschichte d. 1 8'"' Ja/irhuiiderts, ii (1),367 sq.; Schuler, Thaten imd Sitten d. Eidgenossen, iii, 268 sq. ; Hurst's Hageubach, Ch.IJist. 18lh and Idth Cent, i, 179, 183.