Koolhaas, Caspar, often named with Koomherfc, in Holland, as the predecessor of Arminius, was born at Cologne in 1536. He studied at Dtisseldorf, and in 1566 renounced many advantages to join the Reformation. He afterwards held some situations as pastor in the duchies of Zweibriick and Nassau. In 1574 he was called to the University of Leyden, then opening, as a professor. He subsequently resigned the professorship, and died a private teacher at Le3'den in 1615. His opinions had been the cause of his resignation : he maintained nearly the same views professed afterwards by the Arminians on the extension of the authority of superiors in ecclesiastical affairs, reduction of the doc- trine of the Church to a icw simple, fundamental points, and the correction or absolute rejection of the doctrine of predestination. His work Dejure Christiani magis- tratus circa disciplinam et regimen ecclesim gave great offence. He was summoned before a synod held at Middelburg in 1581, and requested to recant and sign the Belgian Confession, but refused, and ai)pealed to the States. A provincial synod of Haarlem excommunica- ted him in 1582, but he was protected by the chief mag- istrate of Leyden, who reported to the Dutch States against the renewal of religious persecution, as well as agauist the acts of the synods, and the encroachments of the ecclesiastical college on the rights of the author- ities. See A. Schweizer, Gesch. d. ref. C'entraldogmen, ii, 40; Benthem, Holland Kirchen-u. Schulenstaat, ii, 33; Ugtenbogaert Kerkel. Hist. p. 214. — Herzog, Real-Enoj- klopddie, viii, 26.
Koordistan. See Kurdistan.
Koornhert. See Cornarists/
Kopacsy, Joseph von, a Hungarian Roman Cath- olic prelate, was born of noble parentage at Wessprim in 1775, and was educated at the seminary in Presburg. He was ordained priest in 1798, and shortly after received an appointment as professor of Church history and ec- clesiastical law. In 1806 he became preacher at Wess- prim, in 1822 he was made bishop of Stuhlweissenburg, and in 1824 bishop of Wessprim. In 1839 he wan pro- moted to the archbishopric of Grau, and at the same time was made primate of Hungary. He died Sept. 18, 1847. Bishop Kopacsj^ published a German translation of Fleury's Customs and Usages of Jews and Christians {\m2,).—Kuthol.Real-Encgklop. xi, 861.
Koph. See Ape.
Kopher. See Camphire.
Kopiatai. See Copiat.e.
KopisteiLski, Zachartas, a Russian theologian, flourished ui the beginning of the 17th century as ar- chimandrite of the convent of St. Anthony at Kief, and died there April 18, 1626. He translated into Slavonic the commentary of St. Chrvsostom on the Acts and Paul's epistles (Kief, 1623 and 1624, folio). He also pub- lished a Funeral Sermon, in which he seeks to prove that the doctrine of Purgatory is sanctioned by apostolic authority ; and a \oinacanon, or review of the canons (Kief, 16*24 and 1629 ; Moscow, 1639 ; Lemberg, 1C46).— Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, xxviii, 75.
Kopitar, Bartiiolomaus, a learned Orientalist, was born at Pepnje in 1780, and educated at the Uni- versity of Vienna. In 1809 he was appointed assistant at the Imperial Library, was promoted to the head libra- rianship in 1843, and died Aug. 11, 1844. He published an edition of the Polish Psalter found in the convent of St. Flarian, with a (Jerman and Latin translation (Vi- enna, 1834), etc. — Kathol. Real-Encijklop. vi, 3()2.
Kopke, Adaji, a German fanatic, wlio flourished in the first half of the 18th centurv' as pastor at Walmo, was an ardent follower of Dippel (q. v.), and, witli Ha- genbach {Church Hist. 18th and ISth Cent., transl. by Dr. Hurst, i, 168 sq.), we are in doubt what place to assign any of Uippel's followers; he was measurably a iVIystie, yet he can neither be definitely classed with them nor with any of the sects known as Pietists or Rational-
KOPPE
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ists, fanatics or scoffers, Mystics or Illuminists. He wrote liistor. Nachricht v. Caspa?- Schwenkfeld (Prenz- lau, 1745. 8vo) : — Wer/u-eiser zum guttlichen Lebeit, etc. (ibid, 1744, 8vo): — Die reinigende Kraft des Gottes-Blutes Jesii C/iristi (ibid, 1744, 8vo). See Kraft, Tkeol. Bibli- othel; i, 202 ; Walch, Comp. hiKf. eccl. recentiss. p. 233 sq. ; Fuhrmann, Ilamlivorterh. d. Kirckengesch. ii, 591.
Koppe, JoHANN Benjamin, a distinguished Ger- man IJiblical scholar, was boni at Dantzig Aug. 19, 1750. He studied philology and theology at the universities of Leipzig and Gottingen, and became professor of Greek at the college of Mittau in 1774, and professor of theol- ogy at Gottingen in 1775. He subsequently became (in 1777) director of the seminarj- for preachers, superin- tendent and president of the consistory at Gotha (in 1784), and preacher at the court of Hanover (in 1788). He died Feb. 12, 1791. He wrote De Critica Veferis Tes- tamenti caute adhibenda (Gottingen, 1769): — Vindicice orandoi'um a damonum ceque imperio ac sacerdotiim fraudibus (Gottmg. 1774, 8vo): — Israelitas nan 215 sed 430 annos in yEgypfo commoratos esse (Gottingen, 1777, 4to ; reprinted in Post and Kuperti's Sijlloge Commenta- tionuni theologicarum, vol. iv) : — Interpretatio Isaice, viii, 23 (Gott. 1780, 4to) :— ylcZ Matthaum, xii, 31, De Peccato in Spiritiim Sanctum (Giitt. 1781, 8vo) : — Super Evan- gelio Marci ((iott. 1782, 4to) : — Exjylicatio Moisis, iii, 14 (Getting. 1783, 4to) : — Marcus non epitomator Matthcei (Gott. 1783, 4to) -.—Predigten (Gott. 1792-3, 2 vols. 8vo). He also edited three vols, of the Novum Testamentum Greece pierpetua annotatione illustratum, published at Gottingen, 10 vols. 8vo, at the close of the 18th century. This work, which, he began, but did not live to com- plete, bears his name, as the plan, which is excellent, is his. It furnishes " a corrected edition of the Greek text, mostly agreeing with Griesbach, with critical and philo- logical notes on the same page, with prolegomena to each book, and excursus on tlie more difficult passages. On this plan Koppe gave a volume on the Epistles to the Galatians, Ephesians, and Thessalonians, and anoth- • er on the Epistle to the Komans, which closed his labors. Heinrichs, in continuation of the original design of Koppe, has published the Acts, and all tlie remaining epistles of Paul, except those to the Corinthians; and Pott has published the Epistles of Peter, and that, of James. Koppe is esteemed a safe and judicious critic; Heinrichs and Pott less so. Koppe's Romans has been republished by Ammon, the well-known neologist, with characteristic notes of his own" (Orme). See Koppen- f'tadt, Ucb. Koppe (1791, 8vo); Schlichtegroll, A> c?-ofo^. vol. i; Annalen d. Braunschu: Lunebur(j. Churlande, vi, GO-84 ; Hocfer, Nouv. Biog. Gencr. xxviii, 79 ; Herzog, Jieul-Encyk/op. viii, 27. (,f. H.W.)