Lutz, Johaiin Lud'wig Samuel, a distin- guished Gemian theologian, historian, and biographer, was bom at Bern in 1785; studied tirst in his native city, then at the universities of Tiibingen and Gottin- gen; was in 1812 appointed professor of the gymna- sium, and rector of the literary' school of Bern ; in 1824 became pastor of Wynau, and afterwards of Bern; and was there in 1833 appointed professor of exegesis. He died Sept. 21, 1844. Among his works the most note- worthy is Gesch. der Reformation in Basel (Basle, 1814, 8vo). His theological lectures were published bj"- Riit- schi and Ad. Lutz, under the title Biblische Dogmatik und Ilermeneutik (1847 and 1849). See Hundeshagen, Lvtz,ein theolog.CharakterhUd, 1844; Neuer Nekrolog d. Deutschen, vol. xxii; Pierer, Universal-Lexikon, x, 631 ; Hoefer, Now: Biog. Gin. xxxii, 314. (.J. N. P.)
Lutz (or Lrnrs), Samuel, one of the most impor- tant representatives of early pietism in Switzerland, was born in 1074. His father, the pious and learned pastor of Biglen, was his first teacher. Lutz at tirst turned his attention especially to mathematics, the classics, and Hebrew, then to Church discipline, and finally left all these to devote himself exclusively to the study of Scripture, and the works of the fathers and reformers, especially Luther's. (Jerman pietism Avas then begin- ning to strike root in Switzerland, in spite of all the ef- forts of the orthodox party, lieadod by the theologians of Berne. To oppose it, a committee was appointed to take charge of all tilings pertaining to religion, and in 1099, by its inrtuence. several prominent and infiiicntial preachers, tainted with (lietisni, were exiled or deprived of their office, a numl)er of adherents of the pietist party fined or otherwise punislied. and several stringent laws passed to secure the '■ unif(>rmity of faith, doctrine, and worship." Finally both the citizens and clergy were obliged to take the so-called (Kith ofiissociation — a sort of Test Act. Lutz's first and rather insignificant appoint- ment as pastor was at Yverden in 1 703. Here he labored
faithfully for twenty-three years, winning the respect and affection not only of the German, among whom he labored, but also of the French inhabitants. As he was accused of pietism, all attempts to secure more impor- tant appointments, with a view to increasing his sphere of usefulness, were defeated, in spite of his reputation for learning and eloquence, until about 1720, wlien he was appointed pastor of Amfoldingen. In 1738 he removed to Diessbach, where he died. May 28, 1750. His col- lected works were published under the title Wohlriechen- der Strauss v. schonen u.gesunden Llimmelshlumen (Basle, 1736 and 1756, 2 vols.). See Leu, Schiceiz. Lexikon, xii ; Haller, Bibl. d. Schweizei-gesch. ii, 290 ; Hurst's Hagen- bach, Ch. Hist, of the 18th and VJth Cejiiuries, i, 191 sq.; Herzog, Peal-Encgkloj}. viii, 621.
Lux Mentis (the light of the mind), another name for baptism, so called on account of the instruction in the Christian religion which was given to the candi- dates for baptism before they were admitted to the sa- cred ordinance. — Farrar, Eccles. Diet. s. v.
Luxury, a disposition of mind addicted to pleasure, riot, and sui)orHuities. Luxurj' implies a giving one's self up to pleasure ; voluptuousness, an indulgence in the same to excess. Luxur\- may be further considered as consisting in, l.Yain and useless expenses; 2. In a parade beyond what people can afford ; 3. In affecting to be above our own rank ; 4. In living in a splendor that does not agree with the public good. In order to avoid it, we should consider that it is ridiculous, trouble- some, sinful, and ruinous. See Robinson's Claude, i, 382 ; Ferguson, On Society, part vi, sec. 2 ; Buck, Theological Dictionary, s. v.
Luz (lleb. id. "?, a nut-bearing tree, either the cd- mond or hazel, as in Gen. xxx, 37 [but according to Fiirst, after Hiller, sinking, as of a vallej'] ; Sept. Aov- ^a, but in Gen. xxviii, 19 unites with the preceding word Oi'X«/(/\oi's), the name of two plai;es.
1. The ancient name of the Canaanitish city on or near the site of Bethel (Gen. xxviii, 19; xxxv,6; xlviii, 3), on the border of Benjamin (.Josh, xviii, 13) ; taken and destroyed, with all its inhabitants (except one fam- ily that had acted as spies), by the descendants of Jo- seph (Judg. i, 23). The spot to which the name of Bethel was given appears, however, to have been at a little distance in the environs of Luz, and they are ac- cordingly distinguished in Josh, xvi, 2, although the Heb. name of Bethel eventually superseded the Canaan- itish one Luz ; or rather, perhaps, Luz was the name of a locality near whicli Bethel was afterwards built. The form of the name in the Sept., Eusebius, and tlie Tulg. seems to have been derived from Josh, xviii, 13, where the words ill^t) rrS'^X should, according to ordinary usage, be rendered " to the shoulder of Luzah ;" the ah, which is the particle of motion in Hebrew, not being re- quired here, as it is in the former part of the same verse. Other names are found both with and without a similar termination, as Jotbah, Jotbathah ; Timnatli, Timnath- ah; Riblah, Riblathah. Laish and Laishah are proba- bly distinct places. Van de A'elde is confident that he has recovered the site of Luz in the modern ruins called Khurbct el-Lozeh, one hour and a half west of Bcth-el {Notes to the 2d ed. of his Map, p. 16). Sec I5etiiel.