Mallary, Ciiaules Daniel, D.D., an American Bap- tist minister, was bom at Poultney, Vermont, in Janu- ary, 1801. He graduated at Middlebury College in 1821, and in 1822 removed to Columbia, South Carolina ; was ordained, and preached six years. He afterwards re- sided in Georgia, and was a principal founder of fiercer University. In the division of the denomination in 1835, on the missionary question, he advocated that sys- tem. He died in 1864. Dr. Mallary published a Life of Mercer, and 'Soul Prosperity. — Drake, Diet, of Amer. Binff. p. 593.
Malleolus. See Hejimerlin.
Lial'los, a town of Asia Minor, whose inhabitants (Ma\\ujTai,yiilg. Mallotw, A.Y. "thej- of ^lallos"), with the people of Tarsus, revolted from Antiochus Epiphanes because he had bestowed them on one of his concubines (2 Mace, iv, 30). The absence of the king from Antioch to put down the insurrection gave the infamous Mene- laus, the high-priest, an opportunity of purloining some of the sacred vessels from the Temple of Jerusalem (ver. 32, 39), an act which finally led to the murder of the good Onias (ver. 34, 35). Slallos was an important city of CUicia, lying at the mouth of the Pvramus (Seihun), on tlie shore of the Mediterranean, north-east of Cyprus, and about twenty miles from Tarsus (Tersus). (See Smith, Diet, of Class. Geography. ~) — Smith.
Mal'lothi (Hebrew Mullo'tlii, '^IT.'l'i'?, perhaps for "^rXi";, my fulness; Septuag. MaXXiSt v. r. MtaXoj^i, MtWri^i, MfXXwSi; Yii\g.3Iellothi),one of the fourteen sons of Heman the Levite (1 Chron. xxv, 4), and head of the nineteenth division of Temple musicians as ar- ranged by David (I Chron. xxv, 26). B.C. 1014.
MallO'WS (ni2"2. mallu'ach, salted; Sept. dXtfiov, Yulg. herb(i') occurs ouly in the passage where Job com- plains that he is subjected to the contumely of the mean- est people, those " who cut up mallows by the bushes for their meat" (Job xxx, 4). The proper meaning of the word malluaeh has been a subject of considerable discussion among authors, in consequence, apparently, of its resemblance to the (Jreek /iiaXaxi, signifying " mallow," and also to maluch, which is said to be the Syriac name of a species of Oraehe, or A triplex. It is difficult, if not impossible, to say which is the more cor- rect interpretation, as both appear to have some founda- tion in truth, and seem equally adapted to the sense of the above -quoted passage. (See Gescnius, Thesaur. Heb. p. 791 ). The malaehe of the Greeks is distinguish- ed by Dioscorides into two kinds, of which he states that "the cultivated is more fit for food than the wild kind. Arabic authors apply the description of Dioscor-
MALLOWS
684
MALLOWS
ides to l-hub-bazi, a name which in India is applied both to species of Malva roiiuuUfoUu and of M. sylvesiris, which extend from Europe to the north of India, and wliich are still used as food in the latter country, as tliey formerly were in Europe, and probably in Syria. Tliat some kind of mallow has been so used in Syria we have evidence in the quotation made by Mr. llarmer from Bidilulph, who says, " We saw many poor people col- lecting mallows and three-leaved grass, and asked them what they did with it; and they answered, that it was all their food, and that they boiled it, and did eat it." Dr. Shaw, in liis Travels, on the contrary, observes that '' Mellou-keah, or mulookiah, N'^TT'.bT;, as in the Arabic, is the same with the mdochia or corchorus, being a pod- ded species of mallows, whose pods are rough, of a glu- tinous substance, and used in most of their dishes. Mtl- lou-keah appears to be little diflFerent in name from niPT3 (Job XXX, -1), which we render ' mallows,' though some other ])lant, of a more saltish taste, and less nourishing <]uality, may be rather intended." The plant alluded to is Corchorus olitorius, which has been adopted and tigured in her Scripture Herbal (p. 255) by lady Calcott, wlio observes that this plant, called Jews' Mallow, ap-
Jcws' Mallow {Currlwrus Olitorius).
pears to be certainly that mentioned by the patriarch. Avicenna calls it olus Juduicum ; and Kauwolf saw the Jews about Aleppo use the leaves as potherbs; "and tliis same mallow continues to l)e eaten in Egypt and Arabia, as well as Palestine." But there are so many plants of a mild mucilaginous nature which are used as articles of diet in the East, that it is hardlj' possible to select one in preference to another, unless we find a sim- ilarity in the name. Thus species oi Amai-anthus, oi C/ienopodium, of Portulacca, as well as the above Coi-- chorus, and the mallow, are all used as food, and might be adduced as suitable to the above passages, since most of them arc found growing wild in many parts of the countries of the East.
The learned Bochart, however, contends [Tlieroz. part i, t. iii, c. 1(!) that the word malluach denotes a saltish jdant called (VXi/jot; by tlie (ireeks, and wliich with good reason is sujiposed to be the Atrijilvx halimus of bota- nists, or tall shrubby Orache. Tlie Sept., indeed, first gave dXtfia as the intcr[)retation of nudlnach. Celsius adopts it l^/Jierobot. ii, 96 sq.), and many others consider it as the most correct. A good abstract of Hochart's ar- guments is given by Dr. Harris. In the first place the most ancient (ireek translator interprets mallhach by halimos. That the Jews were- in the habit of eating a plant called by the former name is evident from the ((notation given by Bochart from the Talmudical tract Kiddnsin (c. iii, 65). By Ibn-I5uetar, malukh is given as the synonym of al-kutiif al-buliuri, i, c. the sea-side