Malou, Jean Baptiste, a Roman Catholic theolo- gian, was born at Ypern ; studied theology at the Uni- versity of Louvain, where in 1835 he became a profes- sor ; in 1848 was made bishop of Bruges, and died March 23, 18(;4. He wrote La lecture de la Ste. Bible en langue vulrjaire (Louv. 184G, 2 vols. 8vo). His brother Jule is the author o{ Recherches siir le veritable auteiir du Here de V Imitation de .Jesus-Christ (Louv. 1848).
Malta. See Melita.
Malta, Knights of. See Knighthood; Tem- plars.
Maltbie, Ebenezek Davenport, a Presbyterian minister, was born in Stamford, Conn., Jan. 20, 1799; graduated at Hamilton College, New York, in 1824, and studied theology in the Theological Seminary at Ando- ver, Mass., which he left in 1826 to become tutor in Hamilton College. He was licensed to preach in 1832, and ordained pastor of the Congregational Church in Hamilton, N. Y. In 1841 he took charge of the Hudson Kiver Academy, and in 1843 became prmcipal of a lit- erary institution in Lansingburg, N. Y., which position he resigned eight years after on account of failing health. He died at Syracuse, N. Y., in 1859. Mr. iVIaltbie was an excellent teacher, beloved ami honored as a pastor, and energetic and unwearied in his labors of charity and piety. See Wilson, Presb, Hist. Almanac, 1860. p. 74, (J. L. S.)
Maltby, Edward, D.D., an English prolate, was born at Norwich, England, in 1770; was educated at Pembroke College, Oxford; in 1831 was made bishop of Chichester, and in 1836 was transferred to Durham. He died in 1859. Dr. Maltby published several volumes of Sermom (1819, 1822, 1831) -.—Occasional Sermons:— Il- lustration of the Truth of the Chi-istian Religion (Loud. 1802, 8vo ; 2d ed. 1803, 8vo) -.—Psalms and Hymns (32mo). — Allibone, Diet, of Brit, and Amer, Authors, vol. ii; Thomas, Dictionanj of Biographj, s. v.
Maltby, Henry, a Presbyterian minister, was born in Paris, N. Y., October 5, 1806, and graduated at Ham- ilton College, N. Y., in 1836. For some years he dexoteil himself to teaching in his native state, and subsequently built up a flourishing school in Flemingsburg, Ky. He studied theology privately, was licensed in 1847, and ordained pastorof the Third Presbyterian Church, Ox- ford, Ohio, in 1848. He was also a professor in Oxford Female College. He died May 22, 1860. Mr. Maltby was very successfid as a teacher, and greatly beloved as a pastor ; his sermons were characterized by systematic arrangement and fulness of thought, and his intercourse with the people was courteous and refined. See Wilson, Presb. Hist. A Imanac, 1861, p. 97. (J. L. S.)
Malthus, TiioJiAS Robert, an English clergyman, was born at Kooker\% Surrey County, England, in 1766; was educated at Jesus College, Cambridge, where he ob- tained a fellowship, graduating B.A. in 1788 and M.A. in 1791 ; soon after took holy orders, and obtained a cu- racy in Surrey, and identified himself with the " High- Church" party. In 1805 he was appointed professor of modern history and political economy at the East India College at Haileybiuy, in Hertfordshire, which position he held until his death, Dec. 29, 1834. Mr. Malthus devoted himself more particularly to the study of polit- ical economy and secular history, and received his pro- fessorship on this account. (For a resume of the "Mal- thusian theon,'," concerning the relation of population to the means of sustenance, see Chambers, Cyclop, s. v.) He preached frequently, however, while in this position, and was an earnest laborer for the upbuilding of Christ's kingdom among men. His works are exclusively of a secular character; a complete list of them may be found in Allibone, Diet, of A nth., and English Cyclopaedia, s. v.
Malvenda, Tno:MAs, a learned Spanish exegete, was born at Xativa in 1566, and entered the Dominican convent of Lombay in 1582. A good Latin, Greek, and Hebrew scholar, he now applied his philological talents to the study of the divers texts of the Bible, at the same time devoting much attention also to dogmatics and to ecclesiastical history. In 1585 he wrote a treatise to prove that St. Amia was only once married, and that St. Joseph ahvays held fast to the rule of abstinence. From 1585 to 1600^ he taught first philosophy, and afterwards theology. In 1600 he addressed to cardinal Baronius a memoir on some parts of the Amioles ecclesiastici, and of the Martyrologium Romanum, which he ileemed in- correct. Baronius, struck by the knowledge exhibited in this memoir, called INIalvenda to Rome, where the general of his order intrusted him with the correcting
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of the breviary, the missal, and the martyrology of the Dominicans. This work was completed in IGOo. The conj;regatiun of the Index then submitted to him for revision the Bibliufheca Puirum of La Vigne (Par. 1575, 15.S9, 9 vols. fol.). His critical annotations on this work appeared at Itome in 1C07, and were afterwards publish- ed together with the Biblioth. Pair. (Paris, 1609, IG'24). About the same time he commenced Annules ordinis J'ratrum jiraedkatorum, which he never completed ; the existing fragment, extending over a period of thirty years, was subsequently published by Gravina (Naples, l(i27, 2 vols. fol.). In 1610 Malvenda was recalled to Spain, where the grand inquisitor appointed him a mem- ber of the Spanish congregation of the Index Uhrorum j}ro/nbitorum. He died at Valencia in 1628. His princi- pal work, to which the later years of his life were devo- ted, was a literal translation of the Bible, with commen- taries; he was unable to finish it, and left it at the 16th chapter of Ezekiel (published in this incomplete state by the general of the Dominicans, under title Commentaria in sucram Scripturam una cum nova de verba adverbum ex Ifebrceo transkttione, variisque lectionibus [Lyon, 1650, 5 vols. fol.]). The translation is so literal as to be very inelegant and sometimes unintelligible. The notes are mostly grammatical, and though perhaps valuable at the time, are now considered unimportant. Among his other works, which are very numerous, we notice Libri nocem de Antichristo (Rome, 1604, often reprinted): — Commentarius de Puradiso voluptatis (Rome, 1605, 4to): — Vida de san Pedro Martir (Saragossa, 1613, 8vo). A complete list of his works is given in Quetif and Echard, Scriptores ordinis prcedicat07-um, ii, 454 sq. See Anto- nio, Bibl. IJispana nova, vol. ii. — Herzog, Real- EncyUop. viii, 771; Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Genernle, xxxiii, 122; I'icrer, Unirersal-Lexikon, x, 806. (J. N. P.)