MAN
689
MANASSEH
(Job iv, 17; xiv, 10, 14). For a complete exemplifica- tion of these words, see the lexicons of Geseniiis and Schleusner, etc.
0. D'^ri'O, methim', " men," always masculine. The singular is to be traced in the antediluvian proper names Methusael and Methuselah. Perhaps it may be derived from the root muth, " he died," in which case its use would be very appropriate in Isa. xli, 14, "Fear not, thou worm Jacob, ye men of Israel." If this conjecture be admitted, this word would correspond to (iporvg, and might be rendered "mortal."
Other Ileb. words occasionally rendered man in the A. V. are h^^,bdal, a master (husband), ^5.3, nq^hesh, an animate being, etc. The Greek words properly thus rendered are dv^pojivoQ, homo, a human being, and dvijp, vir, a man as distinguished from a woman.
Some peculiar uses of the word in the New Testament remain to be noticed. " The Son of Man," applied to our Lord only by himself and St. Stephen (Acts vii,5G), is the Messiah in human form. Schleusner thinks that the word in this expression always means woman, and denotes that he was the promised Messiah, born of a virgin, who had taken upon him our nature to fulfil the great decree of Goa, that mankind should be saved by one in their own form. 'O naXaio^,'' the old man," and 6 Kaivog, " the new man" — the former denoting unsanc- tified disposition of heart, the latter the new disposition created and cherished by the Gospel; u tcroi dp^pu)Tro<;, " the inner man ;" 6 KpvTrrui; r/)c KapSiaQ dv^puj-jroQ, " the hidden man of the heart," as opposed to the o i^oj dv^pioTTOQ, '■•tha external, visible man." "A man of God," first applied to Moses (Deut. xxxiii, 1), and always afterwards to a person acting under a divine commis- sion (1 Kings xiii, 1 ; 1 Tim. vi, 11, etc.). Finally, an- gels are styled men (Acts i, 10). " To speak after the manner of men," i. e. in accordance with human views, to illustrate by human examples or institutions, to use a popular mode of speaking (Rom. iii, 5 ; 1 Cor. ix, 8 ; Gal. iii, 15). " The number of a man," i. e. an or- dinarv number, such as is in general use among men (Rev. xiii, 18) ; so also '• the measure of a man," an ordi- nary measure, in common use (Rev. xxi, 17).
Man of Sin (o civSfpujTroQ tTjq ctfiapriai;), an imper- sonation of the sinfid principle spoken of by the apostle Paul in an emphatic manner (2 Thess. ii, 3). The con- text (ver. 3, 4) gives the following attributes or synon- ymous titles: (1.) apostasy (// cnroaraaia, "a [rather the] falling away"), which precedes (Trpuirov) the ap- pearance {dTraKa\v(p!^rj) ; (2.) son of perdition (6 v'lug r»)c oTrujXftac, i. e. one sprung from the fall (compare " that wicked"), and doomed to its penalty (comp. ver. 8) ; (3.) a persecutor (u uvTiKtiixivo(^), especially of God's cause and government; (4.) a blasphemer {hirtp- aipo/.ui'oi;, etc.), i. e. one arrogating divine honors, and claiming to work miracles (verse 9, 10). This is evi- dently an assemblage of the most striking characteris- tics of former Antichrists in Scripture, especially the "little horn" of Daniel. As that prophecy referred par- ticularly to Antiochus Epiphanes, this passage must be understood as employing the conventional Scriptural language symbolically to indicate a then (and perhaps still) future effort on the jiart of some hostile power to overtlirow Christianity, and induce its professors to re- nounce it. Such a peril is clearly intimated in several other passages of the N. T. (e. g. Mark xiii, 22 ; 2 Tim. iii, 1, 13; Rev. xx, 8). But we are not to confine the prophecy to any one type of Antichrist ; "iu whomso- ever these distinctive features are found — whoever wields temporal or spiritual power in any degree similar to that in which the Man of Sin is here described as wielding it— ho, be he pope or potentate, is bej-ond all doubt a distinct type of Antichrist" (Ellicott, note, ad loc). For a history of opinion on this passage, see Alford, Gr. Test. iii, prolog, p. 55 sq. See Antichkist.
MAN, Preadamite. See Preadamites.
Man. See Mann.v.
v.— X X
Man'aen (Mavaijv, prob. i. q. Menahem; comp, Mavdiifiog, Josephus, ^ ?j^ ix, 11, 1), a Christian teacher at Antioch, who had been educated with Herod Antipas (Acts xiii, 1; see Kuinol, ad loc). A.D. 44. He was evidently a Jew, but nothing else is known of him be- yond this passage, in which the epithet ffvvrpoipoi; may mean eithei plai/mate (Herod was brought up, however, at Rome, Josephus, Ant. xvii, 1, 3) or foster-brother, as having the same nurse (see Walch, Dissert, ad A ct. p. 234). Some identify him with the person above named by Josephus, others with a Menahem mentioned in the Talmud (see Lightfoot, Harm. o/N. Test, ad loc), but in either case on very slender grounds.
Managers, a committee of members appointed an- nually in many Presbyterian churches, intrusted with all merely secidar affairs as to property and finance.
Man'ahath (Heb. Mana'chath, rilS^, rest), the name of a man and of a place.
1. (Sept. "Mavaxd^-) The second named of the five sons of Shobal, the son of Seir the Horite (Gen. xxxvi, 23 ; 1 Chron. i, 40). B.C. cir. 1927.