6. Mardochai, Isaac Nathan, an Italian rabbi, flour- ished at Home near the middle of the 11th century. He was the author of Concoi-dantiee Hebraicce (Basle, 1581, fol. ; Cracow, 1584, 4to, with a German transl.; Kome, 1622, fob, with additions by IVIario de Calasio; Lunilon, 1747-49, 4 vols, fol.) ; a Latin translation was iniblished at Basle in 1556.
6. Mardochai, Japiie Schi-esinger, a noted rabbi and learned cabalist, flourished at Prague, in Bohemia, near the opening of tlie 17th century. He was a pupil of the celebrated Isserles (q. v.), when the latter lived at Cracov.'. He was a native of I'rague, and was born, ac- cording to Gratz (Gesch. d../uden, ix, 485~), about 1530, and lived in the capital of Bohemia until the persecu- tions against the Jews made his stay impossible; he went first to Venice, and later returned to Poland, where he was successively rabbi at Grodno, Lukin, Krzemnitz (1575-1592), and, in a good old age, found a refuge in his native place. He died at Prague about 1612, as rabbi of his people. He wrote mp'' U,"125, a caba- listic treatise, divided into six books, which is believed to have been comjileted about 1560. It has been fre- qiientlv published at Cracow (1594-1599, 4 vols, fol.), Prague (1609, 1623, 1688, 1701), and Venice (1622, fol.).
7. Mardochai ibn-Alcharbija. See Saad Ad- danla. (J.H.W.)
Marechal, Anibroise, D.D., a Poman Catholic prelate, was bom at Ingre, near Orleans, France, in 1769, and was educated at the seminary of St. Sulpice. He
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came to Baltimore in 1792 ; returning to France, he was from 1803 to 1811 professor in the seminaries of St.Fleur, Aix, and Lyons; afterwards became coadjutor to the archbishop of Baltimore, whom he succeeded on his de- cease, Dec. 14, 1817. He visited Kome in 1821-2, to pro- cure aid for his Church in Baltimore. He died Jan. 29, 1828. — Drake, Diet, of A mer. Biog. s. v.
Marechal, Bernard, a noted French writer, w-as born at IJethel in 1705, and, after completing his studies under the guidance of the congregation of the Benedic- tines of St. Maur, took the vows in 1721 ; in 1755 he be- came prior of Beaulieu, in Aragon. After this we know of him only as a writer. He died at Metz July 19, 1770. He wrote CoiKordance ties Saints Peres de VEfjlise, Grecs, et Latins, oil Von se jwopose de montrer leias sentiments sur le dogme, la morale, et la discipline, etc. (Paris, 1739, 2 vols. fol. ; in Latin, Strasb. 1769,2 vols, fol.) ; the work comprehends the fathers of the Church of the first three centuries. — Iloefer, Noiiv. Biog. Generale, xxxiii, 522; Francois, Biblioth. de Vordre de Saint-Benoit, ir, 367.
Marechal, Pierre Sylvain, a noted French atlioist, was born at Paris, /lug. 15, 1750, and was destined liy liis father to the mercantile profession. Preferring a literary life, his father educated him for the profession of law. Pierre, however, was determined to get a live- lihood from his friends, and eschewed all personal care. When inclined to work, he would write something for the daily press, and, endowed with great facility of the ]ien and a vivid imagination, he soon gained great no- toriety for his excellences as a writer. Had he re- mained within his legitimate channels, his name would have had no interest for us ; but Pierre, believing that popularity must be gained at the expense even of man- hood anil morality, courted the tendency of his age, and became a scoffer of religion and decency. In imitation of Lucretius, he published the fragments of a moral (!) poem, which denies tlie existence of a God. Not suf- ficing to provoke public attention to him, he next at- tacked the Bible, parodied the prophetical writers, and applied liimself to all manner of work to further the in- terests of atheism. Sad, indeed, was the life of such a being as Pierre Sylvain I\Iarechal, and as his Ufe so was his death. When the hour of his departure had arrived, Jan. 18, 1803 (at Montrouge, near Paris), he was heard to exclaim, " Mes amis, la nuit est venue pour moi." His works are noticed in detail in Hoefer's Noiiv.Biog. Generale, xxxii, 522 sq. See also Lalande, Notice sur S. Marechal (1803). (J. H. W.)
Mar'eshah (Hebrew Mareshah', ild"!^, fully rrJX^^, Josh. XV, 44; 1 Chron. ii, 42; iv^ 21; Sept. Mapirta and Map/jaa, but in 1 Chron. ii, 42, MapiacaS), the name of one or two men, and also of a place, possi- bly settled by one of them.
1. A person named as the " father" of Hebron among the descendants of Judah, but it is only left to be in- ferred that he was the brother of Caleb's son ISIesha, with whom the Sept. confounds him (1 Chron. ii, 42). B.C. prob. ante 1612.
2. In 1 Chron. iv, 21, a person of the name of Mare- shah is apparently mentioned as the son of Laadah, of the family of Shelah, perhaps as being the founder of the city of the same name (B.C. cir. 1612); possibly identical with the foregoing.
3. A town in the tribe of Judah, "in the valley," enumerated with Keilah and Achzib (Josh, xv, 44), re- built (comp. 2 Chron. iv, 21) and fortified by Kehoboam (2 Chron, xi, 8). The Ethiopians under Zerah were defeated by Asa in the valley of Zephathah, near jMare- shah (2 Chron. xiv, 9-13). It was the native place of Eliezer bcn-Dodavah, a prophet who predicted the de- struction of the ships which king Jehoshaphat had built in conjunction with Ahaziah of Israel (2 Chron. xx, 37). It is included by the prophet Micah among the towns of the low country which he attempts to rouse to a sense of the dangers their misconduct is bringing upon them (Mic. i, 15). Like the rest, the apostrophe to Mareshah