Martin, Andre, a French ecclesiastic and philoso- pher, was born in Poitou in 1621 ; was admitted to the oratory in 1641, and instructed in philosophy. In 1679 he became a professor of theology at Saumur, but was suspended some time after, because accused of Jansen- ism. He died at Poitiers, Sept. 26, 1695. He was one of the earliest advocates of the Cartesian philosophy, and wrote Philosopihia Moralis Christiana (Angers, 1653). See Hocfer, Kouv. Biog. Generale, xxxiv. 32.
Martin, Asa, a Presbyterian minister, was born in Washington Co., Ind., Oct. 19, 1814. He was educated at Marietta College, Marietta, Ohio ; studied theologj' privately; was licensed by Salem Presbyterv', and in 1843 ordained pastor of Mount Yernon Church, Ind. In 1848 he became pastor of Hartford Church, Ind.; in 1852, of Bloomfield, Iowa ; in 1854, of West Grove, Iowa; in 1861, of Olivet, in Mahaska Co., Iowa, where he died, Nov. 9, 1SG5. Mr. Martin was a man of retiring man- ners, a faithful pastor, an excellent presbyter, and an earnest and sound preacher. See Wilson, Presh. Hist. A Imanac, 1867, p. 312. (J. L. S.)
Martin, Claude, a French theologian, was born at Tours in 1619. He had scarcely attained twelve years of age when he was abandoned by his mother, who en- tered the convent of the Ursulines. After having stud- ied for some time in the city of Orleans, he entered the Order of the Benedictines. In 1654 he was appointed prior of Blancs-Manteaux. He afterwards filled the same charge at Saint-Comeille de Compiegne, at Saint- Serge d' Angers, at Bonne-Nouvelle de Rouen, and at Mar- moutiers. He died Aug. 9, 1696. Martin was distin- guished both for great learning and deep piety. His works are Meditations Chretiennes pour les Dimanches, les ferns, et les principales fetes de Vannee (Paris, 1669, 2 vols. 4to) : — Conduite pour la retraite du mois (Paris, 1670, 12rao) : — Pratique de la regie de Saint-Benoit (Par- is, 1674, 12mo) : — Vie de la venerable mh-e 3Iarie de V In- carnation, superieure des Ursulines en Canada (Paris, 1677, 4to) : — Meditation pour la fete et pour Voctave de sainte Ursule (Paris, 1678, IGmo). — Hoefer, Nouv. Biog. Generale, vol. xxxiii, s. v.
Martin, C. F., a Congregational minister, was born in Illinois about 1821. He was educated at Knox Col- lege, Galesburg, Illinois ; taught in an academy at Lis- bon, Illinois, four years, and then entered the Union The- ological Seminary, New York City, to prepare for the ministry. Upon the completion of liis studies, he was
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scut by tlic American jMissionary Society to act as mis- sionary among the Copts in Egypt. His health failing liim, he ^^'as obligeil to return after a three years' stay in the East. Later he became pastor of the Congregational Church in Peru. Illinois, and remained there until 1863, when he ^vas appointed associate secretary of the west- ern branch of the American Tract Society. He labored among the soldiers at Chattanooga until he fell in the Avork, March 7, 1804.
Martin, David, a French Protestant theologian, was born at Hevel, Languedoc, in 1639. He studied phi- losophy at Nismes, and theology at Puy-Laurens. Af- ter acting as pastor at several places, he was obliged to leave France in consequence of the revocation of the Edict of Nantes : so great was the consideration he en- joyed that Roman Catholics themselves assisted him to tlee. He next became pastor at Utrecht, and, although invited to Deventer as professor of theology in 1680, and to Haag in 1095, he remained attached to his congrega- tion. He died at Utrecht in 1721. He wrote three vol- umes of sermons, some polemical and apologetic works, and some critical essays, all of which give evidence of his learning and talent. The most important of his works are Le Nouveau Testamenf, explique pa?- des notes courtes et claires (Utrecht, 1696, 4to) : the notes are part- ly dogmatic, partly literary, and were subsequently used by the editor of the French Roman Catholic translation of the N. T. published at Brussels (1700, 4 vols. r2mo) : — Histoire du Vieux et du Xoiiveau Testament (Amst. 1700, 2 vols. fol.). It contained some magnificent cop- per-plate engravings, and was often reprinted. But Martin's chief claim on posterity lies in his revision of the Geneva version of the Bible, which he undertook at the request of the Walloon communities. It appear- ed in 1707 (Amst. 2 vols, fol.), and was often reprinted in 8vo. The rirst edition contained theological and crit- ical notes, with a general introduction, and special ones appended to each book ; these, however, were omitted in the subsequent popidar editions. It was approved by the Synod of Leuwarden in 1710. IMartin's transla- tion, subsequently revised by Osterwald, is still the one most in use in the Protestant churches of France. Among his other works we notice Sermons sur divers textes de tEcriture Sainte (Amst. 1708, 8vo) : — V Excel- lence de la foi et de ses eff'ets, expliquee en xx sei'mons (Amst. 1710, 2 vols. 8vo) : — Truite de la Religion nat- urelle (Amst. 1713, 8vo ; translated into Dutch in 1720, English in 1720, and German in 1735): — Le vrai seris du Psaume ex (Amst. 1715, 8vo). His dissertation on natural religion caused quite a long and spirited contro- versy with the Arian Emlyn (q. v.). See Niceron, Me- moires, vol. xxi ; Chaufepie, Diet. hist. ; Prosper Mar- chand. Diet. ; Nayral, Biog. Castraise, vol. ii ; Haag, La France Protestaiiie, yo\.vii\ Jioefer, Xouv. Bioff. Gene- rale, xxxiv, 34 ; Ilerzog, Jieal-EncyUoj). ix, 130.