(April), p. 177; 3fethodist Quarterly Revieic,l8&S (ApTiY). p. 339. (J. H. W.)
Martin, Sarah, an English philanthropist, was bom near Yarmouth in 1791, and died in 1843. She was distinguished for her labors in the cause of prison reform. See Brief Biographies, by Samuel Smiles; Rev. Erskine Neale, Christianity and Infidelity Contrast- ed; Edinburgh Review (April), 18-17.
Martin, Thomas, an English jurist noted for the part he took in the Marian persecution, was born at Cerne, in Dorsetshire, in the first half of the 10th cen- tury, and was educated at Winchester School and at New College, Oxford. In 1555 he was made chancellor of the diocese of Winchester. Martin wrote in Latin, Life of William of Wykeham, the founder of New Col- lege. He vehemently opposed the marriage of (iriests, and thus also created considerable excitement. He also took (lart with Story in the trial of archbishop Cranmer at Oxford. He died in 158-1. See Hook, Eccles. Biog. s. V. ; StTVTpe, A nnals ; "Wood, Athence Oxon.
Martin, William "Wisner, a Presbyterian min- ister, was born in Kahway. N. J., Dec. 18, 1837. He re- ceived a most careful parental training ; pursued his pre- paratory studies in the Academy at Brookh'n, N. Y. ; graduated at Yale College, as salutatorian of his class, in 1860; studied divinity at the Union Theological Seminary, New Y'ork City, where he graduated in 1863; and was immediately licensed and ordained as a home missionary to the Pacific coast. On his arrival there, he began his labors in Sonora, and joined Sierra Nevada Presbyter}' ; thence he supplied the Howard Street Church, San Francisco, for a few months, and subse- quently accepted a call from the Church at San Jose, but, before his installation took place, was taken ill and died, Oct. 16, 1865. Mr. Martin was characterized by an exceedingly frank and genial disposition, clear and discriminating habits of thought, and thorough, decided Christian principles. See Wilson, Presb. Hist. A Imanac, 1867, p. 311. (J. L. S.)
Martin Brethren, or Knights of the Order of St. Martin of Jfayence, y^ere organized in 1294 by arch- bishop Gerhard, and renewed by archbishop Berthold in 1497, and flourished until the days of the French Rev- olution. Tlieir object was the attainment of a godly life, brotherly love among the knights, and protection of the holy faith. Tlieir sign was a golden shield, with a picture of St. jNIartin. — Pegensbui-g Allgem. Encyhlop. s. V. INIartinsbriUler.
Martina, a Christian martyr in the reign of the ty- rant JMaximin, was a noble and beautiful virgin of Rome, who for the sake of Christ suffered manifold tor- tures, which were finished at length by the sword of the executioner, A.D. 235. Multitudes of Christians, in the course of this three years' persecution, were slain with- out trial, and buried indiscriminately in heaps, fifty or sixty being sometimes cast into a pit together.— Fox, Martyrs, p. 25, 26.
Martinalia. See i\Iartixjias.
Martindale, Stephen, a minister of the Meth- odist Episcopal Church, was born in JMaryland in 1788, and entered the itinerant ministry in 1808. lie contin- ued in active service for fifty-three years, filling the most important appointments in the Philadcliihia and New York conferences. For twenty years he held the oflice of presiding elder on the Rhinobeck, Long Island, Prattsville, NewYork, and Poughkccpsie districts. In all these posts his fidelity, prudence, and cajiacity were amply shown ; and through his long term of ministerial service he maintained an unblemished and even exalted reputation. He was elected to nearly every General Conference between 1820 and 18.56. He died at Tarrj'- town, N. Y., iNIay 23, 18()0. Sec Smith, Memorials N. Y. and X. Y. East Coif. p. 127.
Martindale, Tlieodore Dwight, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal Church, was born, of Congre-
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gational parents, at Greenfield, Mass., Nov. 28, 1820; was educated at the Western Reserve Seminar}^ ; taught for a time after his conversion ; served in the local min- istry for several years; was admitted into the Ohio Con- ference in the fall of 1852, and appointed to Blendon Circuit. His subsequent appointments were MaysviUe, Marietta, Logan, Pickerington, and Newark, when, in 1862, his connection with the Conference was dissolved, and thenceforth he sustained the relation of local preach- er. In the fall of 1871 the presiding elder of the Zanes- ville District, at the request of the Circuit, appointed him as a supply with the venerable David Smith on the Hebron Charge, in the bounds of which he resided. He entered upon the work with commendable zeal and with general acceptability, but died on April 7, 1872. He was gifted and fluent in language, and his pulpit efforts gen- erallv ranged above mediocrity. See S. C. Kiker,in \Vest. Christ. Advocate, July 10, 1872.
Martinet, Louis-Fkan^ois, a Roman Catholic di- vine, was born at Epernaj-, diocese of Rheims, April 19, 1753. At the age of sixteen he entered the regular canons of the Congregation of France, and during his course of studies at the abbey of St. Genevieve, of Paris, he was particularly favored by his superiors, who early made him teacher of philosophy and theology. Or- dained i)riest at the age of twenty-tive, he was made prior of Daon, in the diocese of Angers. It was in this capacity that he was elected delegate to the provincial assembly of the clergy of Anjou, and later to the states- general of 1789. Faithful to the principles of the minor- ity of the Constituent Assembl}', he was constantlj' op- posed to the legislative measures which, under tlie sem- blance of a useful reform, had a destructive and ruinous object. He succeeded in escaping persecution, a.id em- igrated to England. There he did not share in the il- lusions of his companions in exile of a speedy return to France ; and, with a view to exercising his ministry usefully, he apjilied liimself to the study of English. Gifted with indefatigable industry, and severely ascetic in his habits, he was enabled to regulate his time judi- ciously, and thus attain great success. In 1804 he re- turned to France, and at the period of the concord; t was elected priest of Courbevoie. He passed from there to the parish of Saint-Leu-Saint-Giles, at Paris. It is to Martinet that we owe the preservation of the church of Saint-Leu; and, notwithstanding the opposition of M. Frochot, the prefect of the Seine, he succeeded in inter- esting powerful protectors, and the church was not aban- doned. They even -donated to him considerable funds for the reparation and embellishment of the edifice. In 1820 he was made priest of tlie parish church of Saint- Laurent, and, although advanced in age, his zeal and activity did not diminish in his administration. He died INIay 30, 183G. INIartinet was one of the most wor- thy priests of the clergy of Paris. A knowledge of a great variety of subjects, an unbiassed, clear, and me- thodical mind, a plcasuig and easy elocution, were in- creased by that urbanity of manner, that delicacy of tact, and that exquisite politeness which he observed in his habitual relations with persons of distinguished rank. — Biographie Universelle, Supplem., vol. Ixxiii, s. v.