Martin, Enoch R., a Presbyterian minister, was born in Washington Co., Ind., about the year 1811. He receivetl a good common-scliool education ; studied the- ology privately ; was licensed by Cincinnati Presbytery, and ordained by Salem Presbytery in 1836. He preach- ed for several years to the JIt. Yernon and Utica church- es, in Clark Co., Ind. ; thence removed to Jefferson Co., Ind., anil preached to the Mizpeh, Sharon, and Mt. Ver- non chiu-ches, and afterwards became jiastor of Sharon Church, 111. In 1862 he accepted a call to the Pisgah and Sharon churches, Ind. He died Nov. 20, 1803. Mr. Martin was a very useful minister, and a sincere Chris- tian; he did much for the cause of education and the suppression of intemperance. See WUson, Pirsb. Hist. Almaiiur, 1865, p. 107. (J. L. S.)
Martin, Gregory, an English Roman Catholic the- ologian of the lOth century, v,jts a native of Sussex, and was admitted a scholar of St. .John's College, Oxford, in 1557. He became professor of Hebrew at Douay, and subsequently at Rheims. He died in 1582. He is sup- posed to have been the author, or one of the authors, of
the Rheims translation of the New Testament, and of the Old Testament in the Douay version. He wrote several theologico-controversial jiamphlets, among them A Discover)/ of the manifold Corruptions of the Holy Scriptures hy the Hei-etics of our Days, spiecially the Eng- lish Sectaries (printed in Fulke's Defence of the Trans- lations, Parker Society, 1843). — Allibone, Diet, of Brit. and A me?: A nth. s. v. ; Darling, Cyclop. Bibliog. s. v.
Martin, Jacques de, a French ecclesiastic, noted as a writer on philosopliical subjects, was born in the diocese of Mirepoix, May 11, 1684 ; was educated at Tou- louse; entered the order of the Congregation of St.Maur in 1709 ; taught the humanities at Sorize ; went to Par- is in 1727, and died there Sept. 5, 1751. He was a mul- tifarious writer, and possessed an unusual acquaintance with the most diversified subjects of learning. But he was censured for the immodesty of his illustrations. His most important Avork is La Religion des Gaulois (Paris, 1727, 2 vols. 4to), in which he attempts to prove that the religion of the Gaids was derived from that of the patri- archs; and that, consequentl}^, an illustration of their religious ceremonies must tend to throw light on many dark passages in the Scriptures. He wrote also Expli- cations de plusieu?'S textes difficiles de VEcritiu-e Sainte: — De I'origine de Fame, selon le sentiment de Saint A u- gustin (1736, 12mo). See Hoefer, Noui: Biog. Generale, xxxiv, 37.
Martin, James, a Presbyterian minister, was born in Union District, S. C, May 14, 1801. lie graduated at the North Carolina University, at Chapel Hill, N. C., in 1825 ; studied divinity under the care of Dr. Cinining- ham, of Concord Church, Green Co., Ala.; was licensed in 1827, and soon after ordamed as a domestic mission- ary in West Florida and South Alabama. In 1830 he took charge of the churches at Linden and Prairie Bluifs, Ala. ; in 1837 moved to LouisviUe, Miss., where he or- ganized a Church; in 1841 became pastor of a Church at Multona Springs, Miss.; in 1848 removed to Memphis, Tenn., where he taught school till 1850, Avhen he went to Arkansas, and organized several churches. He died Sept. 14, 1863. Mr. jMartin possessed an excellent raind ; his education was sound and classical, his piety devout and habitual. See WUson, Pi-esb. Hist, A Imanac, 1867, p. 445. (J. L. S.)
Martin, John (1) , an English Baptist minister of the 18th century, was in early life a mechanic; but, brought under the intluence of Gospel teaching, he studied, and became the minister of a Baptist congregation at Lon- don. He published a number of occasional Sermons and theological treatises (1763-1807). Of these, the most important was The Conquest of Canaan (Lond. 1797, 12mo). Of his occasional sermons, the one on Acts xiv, 7, deserves special mention, entitled The Gospel of our Salvation (Lond. 1796, 8vo). Besides, there were published three volumes of his sermons, one treating of The Character of Christ (1793, 8vo) ; the other two were edited by Thomas Palmer (1817, 2 vols. Svo). John Martin is described by Ivimy {Baptists') as " a man of strong mental powers," and as a truly "evangelical preacher." See his ,4 utobiography (1797, r2mo). See also Darling, Cyclop. Bibliog. s. v. ; AUibone, Diet. Brit, and A mer. A uth. s. v.
Martin, John (2"), an English painter of Bililical subjects, was born near Hexham, Northumberland, JiUy 19, 1789 ; went to London in 1806. and, after some years spent in oljscure struggles, made his first appearance as an exhibitor at the Royal Academy in 1812. His pict- ure was entitled Sadak in Search of the Waters of Ob- livion, and attracted much notice. It was followed within two ycaxs by the Expulsion from Paradise, Cly- tee, and Joshua commanding the Sun to stand still. The last of these works was a great success in point of popu- larity, but it was also the cause of a quarrel between Martin and the English Academy, in consequence of which he never obtained any distinction from the soci- ety. From this period till nearly the close of his life
MARTIN