Columba Turtur.
tj' of its note and habits, it is not probable that it was distinguished by the ancients. The large Indian turtle (Turtur ytlastes, Temm.) has also been stated, though without authority, to occur in Palestine. Other spe- cies, as the well-known collared dove (Turtur risoria, L.), have been incorrectly included as natives of Syria. — Smith.
The birds of this subgenus are invariably smaller than pigeons properly so called ; they are mostly mark- ed with a patch of peculiarly colored scutellated feath- ers on the neck, or with a collar of black, and have of- ten other markings on the smaller wing-covers. The species Columba Turtur, with several varieties merely of color, extends from the west of Europe through the north of Africa to the islands south of China. The tur- tle-dove of Palestine is specially the same; but there is also a second, we believe local: both migrate farther south in winter, but return very early, when their coo- ing voice in the wooiis announces the spring. — Kitto. See Schlichter, De Turture (Hal. 1738); Tristram, Nat. Hist, of the Bible, p. 217 sq. ; Wood, Bible Animals, p. 419 sq. See Dove.
Turtle, John, a Wesleyan missionary, was born in the County of Suffolk, England, June 9, 1793. He was converted in 1811, commenced to preach in 1815, at Thetford, and in 1817 he received his appointment for the Bahamas, W. I. His first circuit was Eleuthera ; next. New Providence ; and after that, successively, Turk's Island, Harbor Island, Abaco, Jamaica (1822), Abaco, Eleuthera, and Turk's Island, where he died, Aug, 16, 1825. Mr. Turtle cut sliort his life by his indefati- gable labors. He had natural abilities of a high order, and a spiritual life of beauty and consistency. See Wes- leyan Meth. Mag. 1828, p. 217 ; Wesleyan Minutes, 1826.
Turton, Thomas, D.D., a bishop of the Church of England, was born in Yorkshire in 1782. He be- came a pensioner of Queen's College, Cambridge, in 1801 ; two years thereafter he removed to St. Catha- rine's College (then known as Catharine Hall), from which he graduated in 1805. In 1806 he was elected a fellow of his college, and in 1807 became a tutor. In 1822 he was appointed Lucasian professor of mathemat- ics, and in 1826 accepted the college living of Giming- ham-cum-Trunch, in the County of Norfolk; but was recalled to the university in the following year by his election to the regius professorship of divinity. In 1830 he obtained the deanery of Peterborough, which office he filled until 1842, when he was appointed dean of Westminster. In 1845 he became bishop of Ely. He died at his resilience in London, Jan. 7, 1864. As a controversialist. Dr. Turton has been rarely sur- passed. His taste in fine arts was exquisite, and he was the composer of several excellent pieces of Church music. See American Quar, Church Rev. April, 1864, p. 157.
Turton, William, an English Wesleyan mission- ary, was born in the island of Barbadoes, W. I. His father was a planter. His first labors were on the islaiul of Antigua. In 1798 he received an appointment for St. Bartholomew from the English Conference. In 1800 he was sent to New Providence, and labored for the rest of his life on that and adjacent islands. He died at Nassau, May 10, 1818, aged fifty-seven. He was a faithful toiler. See Wesleyan Meth. Mag. 1821, p, 3, 81 ; Wesleyan Minutes, 1818.
Tutanus, in Roman mythology, was a deitj' who was implored in times of peril and danger for help and protection.
Tutiani, Bartolomeo, an engraver on wood, who is said to have executed some cuts marked with a Gothic monogram of his initials. Bartsch describes only one cut with this mark, Christ Scoffed at by the Jeics, in a book (Nuremb. 1515) ; but there is no evi- dence that it was engraved by Tutiani. See Spooner, Biog. Hist, of the Fine Arts, s. v.
TUTILINA
602 TWELFTH DAY OF THE MONTH
Tutilina, in Roman mythology, was a goddess who was said to care for the fields of corn and grain. She had an altar and a pillar in the circus— no temple, how- ever, as she could only be worshipped in the open air.
Tutilo, a monk of St. (lall and celebrated artist, was contemporary with the great teachers Notker Ball)ulus and liadbert of St. Gall, and associated with them in friendship and in the work of making St. (iall the fore- most seat of the arts and sciences in their day. He was of gigantic stature and full of joyous humor; a maguter and jn-esbyte?- according to the necrology, but none the less a born artist, and unquestioned genius. Driven into the world by his artist nature, he nevertheless pre- served his piously simple and blameless life. In the monastery itself his stfength and geniality determined his position. He was its butler and sacristan, and also the host and companion of visiting strangers, serving in the latter capacity down to A.D. 912.
The Irish bishop or presbyter 'Mark, and his nephew Moengal (the latter preferably called Marcellus by tlie monks), visited St. (iall in the middle of the 9th cen- tury; and JNIoengal instructed Tutilo, among others, in the art of music until he became a proficient com- poser. As an instrumentalist and vocalist he cap- tivated the ear aiul the heart. He became himself a teacher of music, and in a separate room gave reg- ular instruction to the sons of the nobility in the use of stringed instnnnents. Nor did he confine him- self to sacred music oidy; but his finest laurels were still gathered in that field. He imitated the Scottish custom of associating instrumental music with vocal in the worship of the Church, and carried it further. Some of the instruments used in the small chapel of St. Gall are pictured in old INISS. which are still extant. His own most especial creation were the so-called tropes, i. e. ornamental melodic additions, with texts, to the hymns of the mass, and particularly to its /«^?wV, which were intended to impart a specifically festive character to the hymns for festal days. His Christmas trope Hodie Ccm- tandus is well known. Tiiese tropes were widely re- ceived and used throughout the Church, and were per- netuated, under various modifications, down to the 17th century. He also composed hymns and litanies (see the St." Gall MSS. Nos. 37 and 380).