cum, etc., is of inferior value, as is also his Element. Sy- riacum. See Hartmann, Oluus Gerhard Tychsen, etc. (Bremen, 1818 sq.) ; De Sacy, Biog. Universelle, xlvii, 120 sq. — Herzog, Real-Encyklopi. s. v.
Tychsen, Thomas Christian, a German schol- ar and professor, was born at Horsbyll, in Sleswick, May 8,1758; studied at Kiel and Gottingen; trav- elled over the Continent after having coni|ileted his studies; and became professor extraordinary of theol- ogy in Gottingen in 1784, through the intervention of Heyne, his patron. In 1788 he was made ordi- nary professor of philosophy; 1806, councillor; 1817, honorary doctor of theology. He was a member of several learned societies, and director of the Royal Sci- entific Association of Gottingen. He died Oct. 24, 1834. This Tychsen, like Olaus G. Tychsen (q. v.), to whom he was in nowise related, was more prominent as an Ori- ental and classical scholar and antiquarian than as a theologian. He composed forty-three books and essays, all of which are characterized by learning, thorough- ness, and good judgment. We mention, De Tlapovaia Christi et Nofionibus de Adventu Christi in N. T. Obviis: — De Josephi Auctoritate et Usu, etc.: — De Lilteixttura Hebr.:—lUustr. Vaticin. Joelis. c. 3 (Gott. 1788). The dispute of Olaus Tychsen with Bayer led him also to give attention to the study of Jewish coins. In this pursuit he wrote, De Numis Bebrao-Samarit. etc., in Nov. Comment. Soc. Reg. Gott. viii, 120 sq. : — De Numis Oriental. ( 1789 ) : — De Nuiyiis Basmoaorum, etc., in Nov. Com. vol. xii. He furthermore wrote Geschichte d. hebr, Literaiur (xhid.^. In 1791 he became the collab- orator of J. D. Michaelis in the Oriental and exegetical library published b}' the latter, and his successor begin- ning with vol. ix. He also completed part iv of Mi- chaelis's A nmei-k.Jur Ungelehrte and vol. vi of his Svp- plem. ad Lex. Ilebr. (1792). He edited vol. vi of Koppe's edition of the New Test., comprising Galutians, Ephe- sians, and Thessalonians (2d ed. 1791). A complete list of his works and detailed sketch of his life may be found in Neuer Nekrolog der Deutschen (1834, pt. ii ,• Weimar, 1836), p. 894-900.'— Herzog, Real-EncyHop. s. v.
Tye, Christopher, an English musician of the 16th century, was born at Westminster, and brought up in the Royal Chapel. He was musical preceptor to prince Edward, son of Henry VIII. In 1545 he was admitted to the degree of doctor in music at Cambridge, and in 1548 was incorporated a member of the University of Oxford. In the reign of queen Elizabeth he was organ- ist of the Royal Chapel, and a man of some literature. "The Acts of the Apostles," set to -music by Dr. Tye, were sung in the Chapel of Edward VI ; but the success of them not meeting the expectation of their author, he commenced the composition of music to words selected from the Psalms of David. The former was published with the following title. The A ctes of the Appostles, translated into Englyshe Metre, etc. (1553, sm. 8vo). He also composed A Notable Bistorye oJN\istagio and Tra- i:ersai-i, no less PitieJ'ull than Pleasaunt ( Lond. 15C9, 12mo). See Allibone, Diet, of Brit, and Amer. Au- thors, s. V. ; Chalmers, Biog. Diet. s. v.
Tyler, Bennet, D.D., an eminent Congregational divine, was born at Jliddlebury, Coiui., July 10, 1783. His parents were in humble circumstances, and he work- ed on the farm until he was fifteen, when an accident disabled him so that it was resolved to send him to col- lege. His own exertions, with some assistance from his father, enabled him to graduate at Yale College in 1804 free from debt. He was converted while at col- lege in the great revival of 1802, studied theology with Rev. Asaliel Hooker, and in 1808 was ordained over the Church in South Britain, Conn., where he remained four- teen years. From 1822 to 1828 he was president of Dartmouth College, also performing the duties of col- lege pastor. In 1828 he succeedecl Dr. Paj'son in the pastorate of the Second Church, Portland, Me., where he was greatly beloved. Dr. Tyler was a clear, logical,
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and pungent preacher, and he specially delighted in doc- trinal themes. About tliis time Trof. N. W. Taylor, of Vale Diviuity School, enounced views which were re- nartled by many New England theologians as unsafe and unsound. Dr. Tyler was his principal opponent, and the long and able discussion which foUoweil bi'longs to the history of controversy. To offset the intlucnce of the New Haven theology on the young preachers in the state, the Theological Institute of Connecticut was founded at East Windsor in 1833, and Dr. Tyler was chosen its president and professor of theology. He held these positions until his resignation, July 1(5, 1857. He died at East Windsor, after only a few hours' sickness, May 14, 1858.
Dr. Tyler was a man of humble and sincere piety, and of a genial and sympathetic nature. In his theological opinions he did not embrace pure Calvinism, but as modified by Edwards and his school. He was in full sympathy with the traditional theology of New Eng- land, and was a straightforward controversialist, avoid- ing metaphysical speculations and verbal subtleties. In forming his system' he began, not with mind, but with the IJible, and he looked for no advances in theol- ogy except such as come from a richer Christian expe- rience. His writings are permeated by a spirit of prac- tical religion, and, according to some, checked the in- fluence of Dr. Taylor's views. Dr. Tyler published many sermons and controversial articles and pamphlets. His larger works are as follows: History of the New Haven Theology in Letters to a Clergyman (1837) : — .4 Review of Day on the Will (1837) -.—Memoir of Rev. Asuhel Net- tleton, D.D. (Hartford, 1844, Timo) -.—Nettleton's Remains (ibid. 1845, r2mo) : — The Sufferings of Christ Confined to his Human Nature (N. Y. 1845) :— .4 Treatise on New England Revivals (184G) :— Letters to Dr. Horace Bush- nell on Christian Nurture (1847-48) -.—Lectures on Theol- ogy (posthumous), with a Memoir by Rev. Nahum Gale, i).D. (his son-in-law) (Boston, 1859, 8vo). See Cong, Quar. Rev. 1860, p. 351 sq. (by A. H. Quint) ; New-Eng- lander, August, 1859 (by Prof. Lawrence) ; AUibone, Diet, of Brit, and Amer. A uthors, s. v.