i i lie a masterpiece of sculpture. It is placed in the palace of Sans-Souci, near Potsdam. Rauch, af- ter tin-, lived principally at Berlin, but occasionally visited Rome, Carrara, and .Munich, lie labored inde- fatigably in his profession, and by 1824 had executed
seventy bust8 in marhle. of which twenty were of c. dos- sal si/e. II.- died at Dresden, while on a visit there Dec. :;. 1857. His greatest secular work is the magnif- icent monument of Frederick the Croat, which adorns Berlin, lit- greatest work in sacred art is his Moses (in, a/,, in the entry of the Friedenskirche (Church of ii Pot-, lam. Ii was begun in 1854 and finished in 1855, and i- really his last great work. Noteworthy are aLso his group of the first two polish kings, in the
cathedral at Posen, his statues of Schleiermacher and Kant, and his representations of Faith, Hope, and Love in the church at Arolsen.
Rauch, Christian Henry, distinguished as that missionary of the Moravian Church who began its work among the North American Indian-, was horn at Bern- burg, < rermany, duly 5, 1715. He arrived in this coun- try July Id. 17 1it. and s after visited Shekomeko,
Dutchess County, X. V.. a village inhabited by .Mohi- cans and WampanoagS, notorious tor their evil ways, and especially for their love of Strong drink. Various other missionaries had .attempted to convert them u iih- ou< success. Rauch, on bis arrival, went into the hut of the worst savage of the whole clan, Wasamapah by
name i imonly known as Tschoop, seated bimsell at
his side, told him of the Saviour, and then, saying that he was very tired in consequence of his long journey. lay down by the fire and went to sleep. This simple act of trust made a deep impression upon the In- dians. He won their confidence. TschOOp was con- verted and baptized, and became an eloquent and en- thusiastic preacher of the Gospel; other converts were gathered in. and a flourishing mis-ion was established at Shekomeko, which subsequently spread to New Eng- land. In 17.")7. Rauch went to Jamaica as missionary to i in negroes. He died on the island of Jamaica, Nov. 11, 1763. See Spangenberg, Account of tin Manner in which tin I rnit< d tin tin; n carry <<n tin ir Missions (Lond. 1788), p. 62, 63; Amer. S. S. Union, Tschoop, tin Con- r, r/,,1 li„linii Chief; Schweinitz, Lift and Times ■■//., is- h, rg\ r. ch. v. (E. de S. )
Rauch, Frederick Augustus, Ph.D.. D.D.. first president of .Marshall College, Mercersburg, Pa.. was horn at Kirchhraeht, in Hesse-Darmstadt, Germa- ny, duly 27. 1806. At the age of eighteen he entered the University of Marburg, and took his diploma in l<s-J7. He then became a teacher in Frankfort, and af- terwards spent a year at the University of Heidelberg. In his twenty-fourth year he became extraordinary pro- fessor in the University of Giessen. After one \ ear he was called as ordinary professor to Heidelberg, hut this appointment he never realized. Having uttered his mind too freely on the subject of government in some public exercises at Giessen, he arrayed the civil powers against himself, and was compelled to provide for his safety in voluntary self-expatriation. He arrived in this country in the fall of L831. He spent one Near at
Easton, as professor of German, in Lafayette College,
and in the study of the English language. In .lime. 1832, he was appointed to take charge of the classical school connected with the seminary of the German Re- formed Church at York. Pa. The same year he was ordained to the holy ministry. In 1835 he removed to Mercersburg. and became the tirst president of Marshall
College, which position he ably tilled till his death.
March 2, 1841. Shortly before his death he published
his I'si/r/m I,ii/i/. which has passed through a number of editions, and is used as a text-hook in its department of philosophy in several of our colleges. Thi Inner l.'if, is a posthumous work, bi ing a -e e tion of sermons by Dr. Rauch, edited by the Lev. Dr. Gerhart. Thor- oughly learned, deeply pious, ardent, generous, and no- ble, Dr. Rauch's brief life has left behind it a lasting
influence. In March. 1859, his remain- were removed io Lancaster, Pa., under the auspices of the alumni of .Marshall College and the board of trustees of Franklin and Marshall College, on which occa-ion a eulogy on his life and character w as delivered by his distinguished colleague, Prof. .1. W. N'evin. D.D.
Raucourt, Loins Marie, a French prelate, was born in 1748. He entered the Benedictine Order, and Studied theelogj in many of iis monasteries. In 1768 he was made procurer of the abbey of Clairvaux, in 177:; prior, and in 1783 abbot He did much in embel- lishing this abbey, and greatly increased the library. Being expelled during the Revolution, he tied to Jn-
RAUHE HAUS
92 '
RAUHE HAUS
vaneourt, where he lived in retirement till 1804, when he settled in Bar-sur-Aube, where he died in 18:>4.
Rauhe Haus (Germ, fur Rovgh House), the, a great juvenile reform institution at the little hamlet of Horn, three miles from the German port of Hamburg, owes its origin to John Henry Wichem, the founder also of the German Home Mission Work. See Inner Mission. The peculiar name which it bears {Rough House) is not due to any peculiar feature of the institu- tion, as one might suppose, but rather to an awkward translation of the German j'atois into the classical lan- guage. The house in which the institution was first located was built some hundred and fifty years ago by a certain Mr. Ruge, a gentleman of wealth and culture, and in every sense quite contrary in character to the name given him in classical German. People of Ham- burg's suburbs always knew the place by the name of the "Ruge House," and so the institution was called Rauhe Haus when it was first opened on Nov. 1, 1833, by Wiehern, with the assistance of his mother, he being then but a young man of twenty-five, and as yet not even in social relations with the opposite sex. For years previous to this event Wichem had conceived a plan for the amelioration of the condition of the lower classes. While at the university his mystical tenden- cies were noted. He frequently gave himself up to practices of great personal self-denial, and he formed an association of young men for self-improvement and re- ligious edification. There was a constant longing for entire and unconditional consecration to God's service in this band, who all recognised the great fact that Christianity is only a truth to those who experience it. An acquaintance with Dr. Julius, then well known as a philanthropist, who had visited England and America in the interests of prison reform, only quickened Wieh- ern in his purposes, and when, on his return from the university to Hamburg, he was placed in charge of a Sabbath-school in the religiously neglected suburbs of St. George, Wichem conceived a plan that should enable him to begin the task for which he felt himself called of God. Though poor himself, his father having died while he was yet scarcely out of the years of infancy, and his mother having depended upon him for years, he yet set about to realize his purpose. All the diffi- culties that arose in his way only acted as fresh incen- tives to exertion. His enthusiasm knew no restraints nor barriers. Finally he succeeded in interesting the syndic Seiveking, a man of warm heart and full pocket- book. A house upon his estate which was occupied by a gardener was vacated for Wichem as a place in which to try his schemes by actual experiment. It was a small space for so vast an undertaking, but Wiehern was quite content to let his enterprise have a small be- ginning. Full of faith, and encouraged by what was already gained, he made immediate arrangements for the occupancy of the Rauhe Haus (see illustration), small and poor as it was, and however uninviting its little windows, and thatched roof, and low ceilings ap- peared. With the help of a few interested friends, such