Kl!;i.IGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Concordances
whole Bible, but not to have published it; cf. Le Long, 456a, and Jocher.
1. The Old Testament: Trommius (Abraham van der Trommen), Concordantice Groecm versionis vulgo dicta LXX interpretum Leguntur hie ■prceterea voces Grcecce pro Hebraicis redditm ab aniiquis omnibus Veteris Testamenti interpretibus Aquila, Symmacho, Theodotione, Amsterdam and Utrecht, 1718, was until lately the only concordance for the Greek Old Testament. At the end are given a Hebrew-Chaldee dictionary, a Greek dictionary to Origen's Hexapla from Montfaucon, prepared by Lambert Bos, and Bos's comparison of the chapters and verses in the Sixtino- Vatican edition of the Septuagint with those in the Frankfort edition of 1597, which both Kircher and Trommen used. Trommen wrote in 1718 a defense of his book against Gagnier, who defended Kircher. A second edition of Trommen appeared at Amsterdam, 1742. Bagster published: A Handy Concordance of the Septuagint, London, 1887. Now there exists the great work of Edwin Hatch and Henry A. Redpath, A Concordance to the Septuagint , Oxford (1892, 1897, 1900), with a supplement giving the proper names (all should have been in one list).
2. The New Testament: Sixtus Birken of Augsburg made a concordance for the New Testament : Xystus Betulejus, 'S.vfitfiuv'ia rj ahXke^iQ rfji; diatiijiafg TW Ni. Ti. concord., Basel, 1546. Henri Estienne finished his father's (d. 1559) concordance: Concordantice Gr.-Lat. Testam. novi, Paris, 1594; 2d ed., Geneva, 1624. Erasmus Schmid of Wittenberg made a concordance, Ni. Ti. . TAMEION, Wittenberg, 1638, repeated by Ernst Salomon Cyprian, Gotha and Leipsic, 1717, often reprinted, e.g., by John Williams, London, 1767; without name, 2 vols., Glasgow, 1819; by William Greenfield, London, 1830; in the most convenient form by the London publisher Bagster. Ethelbert W- Bullinger issued A Critical Lexicon and Concordance to the English and Greek New Testament, London, 1877, 5th ed., 1908. The chief work at present is Karl Hermann Bruder's, Leipsic, 1842, 4th ed., 1888, but it will be surpassed by Paul Wilhelm Schmiedel's, now preparing. George y. Wigram (see above) also prepared: The Englishman's Greek Concordance, London, 1839 and later. Otto Schmeller, TAMEION, London, 1869. In America Hosea L. Hastings had an excellent concordance prepared by Charles F. Hudson and revised by Ezra Abbot: A Critical Greek and English Concordance, Boston, 1870, 3d ed., 1875. Especial attention must be called to Friedrich Zimmer's Concordantice supplementarice omnium vocum Novi Testamenti Greed et classibus secundum terminationes distribviarum et derivatarum cum nativis verbis collocatarum compositae a F. Z., Gotha, 1882, and to W F. Moulton and A. S. Geden, A Concordance to the Greek Testament according to the Texts 0/ Westcott and Hort. Tischendorf, and the English Revisers, Edinburgh, 1897; 2d ed., 1899.
IV. Latin Concordances: The Latin concordances were the earliest and are now very complete. They have an interesting history, closely bound up with the development of academic life in
Western Europe. A few manuscripts are noted here as an incitement for one who can give himself to the history of these books, also a few out of the many printed concordances of the Latin Bible . The BibUotheque Nationale at Paris contains ten manuscripts of concordances all of which are dated from the fourteenth century. These are the MSS. Lat. 513, 514, 515, 516, 517, I. Manu- (all five from Colbert's library); 518 scripts, and 519 (from the Carmelite Monastery); 520, 601 (belonged formerly to Baluze: in quinque libros distributee); 602 (once Tellier's: concordantia ordine alphabetico digesta); 603, 606 scarcely seem to contain concordances. The city library at Bordeaux owns a MS. of the "larger concordance," MS. 15, fourteenth century, parchment, 470 leaves, 3 cols, on a page: bibliorum concordantice maiores ; the beginning is: Cuilibet volenti requirere concordancias in hoc libra, unum est prima attendendum, and the end is: Ge. XXX. b. sentiens lya quod parere desisset, Zelfam ancillam marito tradidit. Expliciunt magnce concordantie. MS. no. 6 in the monastery Heiligenkreuz (-Neukloster) in Vienna seems to begin and end in the same way. The university library at Leipsic has three manuscripts which seem to be of the same kind as those at Bordeaux and Vienna; they are ascribed to Conrad of Germany; these are MS. Lat. 99, perhaps of the 14th century, MS. Lat. 100, of about the 15th century, and MS. Lat. 101, of about the 15th century.
Conrad of Alemannia's Concordantice bibliorum is said to have appeared at Strasburg, 1470. At Leipsic there is one (Hain, 5629, says by J. Mentelin, Strasburg, c. 1475) dated 1474 by the rubricator, who probably knew the precise date. It appeared again at Bologna, 1479, 1486; Basel, 1480, studio Joan. Nivicellensis. The first edition of the Concordantice Anglicance is supposed to be Nuremberg, 1485, as Concord, magnce ; again 1487.
Sebastian Brant published Conrad's 2. concordance as Cone. S. Jacobi, and 1470-1533. John of Segovia's at Froben's in Basel, 1496, in two parts, repeated by Froben 1506; Concordantice maiores biblie tarn dictionum declinabilium quam indeclinabilium de novo summa diligentia cum textu vise ac secundum veram orthographiam emendatissime excuse, with preface by Conradus Leontorius Mulbrunnensis, dated May 12, 1506, Ex Artavalle idtro Birsam Basileanam; the colophon says that the work was printed opera et impensis Johannini Amerbachii, Petri de Langendorff, et Froben de Hammelburg iam denuo in urbe Basileorum. The first part contains sheets a-z, A-Z, Aa-Ff, foHo; the second part is entitled Concordantie partium sive dictionum indeclinabilium totius biblie, and the preface of John of Segovia tells something of the way in which preparations for it were made. A further title, over the first word, says that John of Segovia published the book at the Council of Basel in 1430; this is probably intended as a general date for the council and not for the book, for according to John's preface the book was not done before 1440 at the earliest; repeated Basel, 1516, 1521, 1523, 1525, 1526; Strasburg, 1526, 1530; Lyons, 1526, 1528, 1540,
Concordances