EELIGIOUS ENCYCLOPEDIA
Muehlhaeusser Mueller
1904-08); and Das Johannesevangelium im Lichte der Strophentheorie, in the Sitzungsberichte of the Vienna Academy (1909).
MUELLER, ERNST FRIEDRICH KARL: German Reformed; b. at Muhlstadt, Anhalt, July 27, 1863. He was educated at the universities of Tubingen and Halle; was assistant pastor at Ballenstedt, Anhalt (1886-88), inspector of the Silesian Konvikt at Halle (1888-91). In 1891 he became privat-docent at the university of Halle; was appointed associate professor of New-Testament exegesis at the University of Erlangen (1892), professor of Reformed theology (1896), and minister of the Reformed congregation (1898). He has written Die gottliche Zuvorersehung und Erwahlung nach Paulus (Halle, 1892); Altgldubige und moderne Gldubige (Leipsic, 1894); Noch einmal Altgldubige und moderne Glaubige (1895); Symbolik (1896); Zur christlichen Erkenntnis (1898); Die Bekenntnisschriften der reformierten Kirche (1903); and Neutestamentliche Theologie (Erlangen, 1907); and Johannes Calvin's Unterricht in der christlichen Religion ins Deutsche iibersetzt (1909). He is likewise engaged in the preparation of Johannes Calvins Auslegung der heiligen Schrift in deutscher Uebersetzung, to be complete in fourteen volumes (Neukirch, 1902 sqq.).
MUELLER, EUGEN: German Roman Catholic; b. at Ranspach (a village near Sankt Amarin, 17 m. n.w. of Miihlhausen), Upper Alsace, Aug. 31, 1861. He was educated at the seminary for priests at Strasburg (1879-84) and at the universities of Miinster (1884-85) and Wiirzburg (1885- 1888; D.D., 1888). From 1888 to 1903 he was professor of church history, the history of dogma, patristics, and archeology, as well as librarian, at the seminary for priests at Strasburg, and since 1903 has been professor of dogmatics and Christian archeology at the university of the same city. He has been an honorary canon of Strasburg since 1898. He edited the seventh, eighth, and ninth editions of F. Hettinger's Apologie des Christentums (5 vols., Freiburg, 1895-98, 1899-1900, 1906-08), has been one of the editors of the Strasburger theologische Studien since 1892, and has written Natur und Wunder, ihr Gegensatz und ihre Harmonie (Freiburg, 1892).
MUELLER, GEORG FRIEDRICH: Plymouth Brother, founder of the Bristol Orphanages; b. at Kroppenstedt (20 m. s.w. of Magdeburg), Prussia, Sept. 27, 1805; d. at Bristol, England, Mar. 10, 1898. After preliminary training at the cathedral classical school at Halberstadt, at Heimersleben under a classical tutor, and at the Nordhausen gymnasium, he entered the University of Halle, 1825. Though his early life had been careless and even reckless, shortly after entering the university he was converted, and entered upon that life of faith which became so remarkable. He determined to become a missionary, and meanwhile manifested his Christian zeal in visiting the sick and in like labors. In Aug., 1826, he began to preach, living for two months in Franke's Orphan House at Halle, in the free lodgings provided for poor divinity students. In Mar., 1829, he went to London, and,
after receiving an appointment from the London Society for Promoting Christianity among the Jews, he began preparing himself for that mission. But after some months of the prescribed study of Hebrew, Aramaic, and German Jewish, he left the society in Jan., 1830, joined the Plymouth Brethren, and became minister at Teignmouth. Of his own accord he declined to receive any stated salary, abolished pew-rents, and from Oct., 1830, lived upon voluntary offerings, though this often reduced himself and wife to great straits. In 1832 he became pastor of Gideon Chapel, Bristol. Impressed by the number of destitute children he found in Bristol, and feeling that he was called to help them, he established in 1834 The Scriptural Knowledge Institution for Home and Abroad, which was designed to assist day-schools, Sunday-schools, and adult-schools; to circulate the Holy Scriptures; to aid missionary work; to board, clothe, and educate scripturally orphan children. The institution, he decided, should have no patron but the Lord, no workers but believers, and no debts. Provided with assistants and money, he hired a house on Wilson Street, Bristol, and opened his orphanage on Apr. 11, 1836, and by Mar., 1844, he had opened his fourth house. He then bought a site on Ashley Down, near Bristol, and put up the first building, 1846; by 1869 he opened his fifth house. The orphanage, however, had no endowment, and none of the usual machinery of support. Mr. Miiller looked to God to supply the daily food of the thousands of children therein gathered, and to pay all the expenses of their care. Besides managing his orphanages and the institution, and preaching to his congregation, he also took missionary tours through the British Isles, the United States, and Canada (1877). In 1881 he visited the East, and in 1882 India. He did not in the ordinary way advertise any of his enterprises, but the attention and aid of the public was secured through books and pamphlets published with his sanction, and by the circulation of his Life of Trust: Narrative of the Lord's Dealings with George Miiller (first issued, 2 parts, London, 1837, and continued in 1841, 1844, and 1856; reprinted in repeated editions in New York; translated into German, Stuttgart, 1844, and into French, Paris, 1848). Besides the Narrative above referred to, Mr. Miiller published, The New Orphan School (London, 1855) ; The Secret of Effectual Service to God (1865); Love One Another (two addresses; 1865); Jehovah Magnified: Addresses (1876); George Miiller and the Orphan Homes of Ashley Down (1878); and Preaching Tours (1883).
Bibliography: The best source is probably the Autobiography, Compiled by G. F. Burgin, Preface and Concluding Chapter by A. T. Pierson, London, 1905. Consult further: W. E. Tayler, Mighty through God, London, 1861; idem, Ashley Down; or, living Faith in a living Ood, ib. 1861; G. von Polenz, Georg Miiller, Halle, 1865; R. Morris, Faith, Prayer and Work, London, 1866; J. Weir, The Bristol Orphan Homes and their Founder, ib. 1866; T. Stahelin, Georg Miiller in Bristol, Basel, 1874; Mrs. E. R. Pitman, George Miiller and Andrew Reid, London, 1885; A. T. Pierson, George Miiller of Bristol, ib. 1902; F. G. Warne, George Miiller, the Modern Apostle of Faith, ib. 1907, new ed., 1909; Ten Years After; a Sequel to the Autobiography of George Miiller, being an Account of the Work at Ashley Down Orphanage for the Ten Years follow-
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